推 hsuzchan : 已收入經濟系 09/04 22:49
課程名稱︰經濟學原理與實習下
課程性質︰暑修
課程教師︰駱明慶
開課學院：社會科學院
開課系所︰經濟學系
考試日期（年月日）︰2015/08/27
考試時限（分鐘）：130
試題 :
一、選擇題 (45%)：不需說明，寫出正確答案即可。
1. A farmer sells five pounds of pecans to a Smith's Fresh Pecans for $10.
Smith's Fresh Pecans resells three pounds for $4.50 per pound. The remaining
pecans are shelled and canned and sold for a total of $8.00. Taking these
transactions into account, how much is added to GDP?
(a) $22.50
(b) $29.50
(c) $21.50
(d) $31.50
2. The city of Ann Arbor Michigan buys a police car manufactured in Germany. In
the GDP accounts this transaction is included in
(a) government expenditures and exports.
(b) government expenditures and imports.
(c) exports, but not government expenditures.
(d) imports, but not government expenditures.
3. In 1970, Professor Plum earned $12,000; in 1980, he earned $24,000; and in
1990, he earned $36,000. If the CPI was 40 in 1970, 60 in 1980, and 100 in
1990, then in real terms, Professor Plum's salary was highest in
(a) 1980 and lowest in 1970.
(b) 1980 and lowest in 1990.
(c) 1990 and lowest in 1970.
(d) 1990 and lowest in 1980.
4. The substitution bias in the consumer price index refers to the
(a) substitution by consumers toward new goods and away from old goods.
(b) substitution by consumers toward a smaller number of high-quality goods
and away from a larger number of low-quality goods.
(c) substitution by consumers toward goods that have become relatively less
expensive and away from goods that have become relatively more
expensive.
(d) substitution of new prices for old prices in the CPI basket of goods and
services from one year to the next.
5. Country A had a population of 1,000, of whom 600 worked an average of 8
hours a day and had a productivity of 2.5. Country B had a population of
800, of whom 560 worked 8 hours a day and had productivity of 3.0. Country
(a) A had the higher level of real GDP and real GDP per person.
(b) A had the higher level of real GDP and Country B had the higher level of
real GDP per person.
(c) B had the higher level of real GDP and Country A had the higher level of
real GDP per person.
(d) B had the higher level of real GDP and real GdP per person.
6. Suppose that a country increased its saving rate. In the long run it would
have
(a) higher productivity, and another unit of capital would increase output
by more than before.
(b) higher productivity, and another unit of capital would increase output
by less than before.
(c) lower productivity, and another unit of capital would increase output by
more than before.
(d) lower productivity, and another unit of capital would increase output by
less than before.
7. An increase in capital will increase real GNP per person
(a) more in a poor country than a rich country. The increase in real GNP per
person will be larger if the addition to capital is from domestic rather
than foreign investment.
(b) more in a poor country than a rich country. The increase in real GNP per
person will be larger if the addition to capital is foreign rather than
from domestic investment.
(c) less in a poor country than a rich country. The increase in real GNP per
person will be larger if the addition to capital is from domestic rather
than foreign investment.
(d) less in a poor country than a rich country. The increase in real GNP per
person will be larger if the addition to capital is foreign rather than
from domestic investment.
8. Two bonds have the same term to maturity. The first was issued by a state
government and the probability of default is believed to be low. The other
was issued by a corporation and the probability of default is believed to be
high. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Because they have the same term to maturity the interest rates should be
the same.
(b) Because of the differences in tax treatment and credit risk, the state
bond should have the higher interest rate.
(c) Because of the differences in tax treatment and credit risk, the
corporate bond should have the higher interest rate.
(d) It is not possible to say if one bond has a higher interest rate than
the other.
9. In a closed economy, if Y and T remained the same, but G rose and C fell but
by less than the rise in G, what would happen to private and national
saving?
(a) private and national saving would rise
(b) private and national saving wouyd fall
(c) private saving would rise and national saving would fall
(d) private saving would fall and national saving would rise
10. Mary talked to several stockbrokers and made the following conclusions.
Which, if any, of her conclusions are correct?
(a) It is relatively easy to reduce firm-specific risk by increasing the
number of companies one holds stock in.
(b) Stock prices, even if not exactly a random walk, are very close to it.
(c) Some people have made a lot of money in the stock market by using
insider information, but these cases are not contrary to the efficient
markets hypothesis.
(d) All of Mary's conclusions are correct.
11. Suppose that interest rates unexpectedly rise and that Carter Corporation
announces that revenues from last quarter were down but not as much as the
public had anticipated they would be down. According to the efficient
markets hypothesis, which of these things make the price of Carter
Corporation Stock fall?
(a) both the interest rate rising and the revenue announcement
(b) neither the interest rate rising nor the revenue announcement
(c) only the interest rate rising
(d) only the revenue announcement
12. Suppose the demand for hard-wood flooring increases, while the demand for
wall-to-wall carpeting decreases. Based on this change in consumer tastes,
the demand for hard-wood-flooring factory workers in North Carolina
increases, while the demand for carpet factory workers in Georgia
decreases. This is an example of
(a) frictional unemployment created by efficiency wages.
(b) structural unemployment created by efficiency wages.
(c) frictional unemployment created by sectoral shifts.
(d) structural unemployment created by sectoral shifts.
13. Suppose that dental hygienists are unionized in the eastern region of the
country but not in the western region. If the unionized workers in the
eastern region abolished their unions, employment
(a) and wages of dental hygienists in the eastern region would rise.
(b) of dental hygienists in the eastern region would rise, but wages of
dental hygienists in the eastern region would fall.
(c) and wages of dental hygienists in the eastern region would fall.
(d) of dental hygienists in the eastern region would fall, but wages of
dental hygienists in the eastern region would rise.
14. During recessions, banks typically choose to hold more excess reserves
relative to their deposits. This action
(a) increases the money multiplier and increases the money supply.
(b) decreases the money multiplier and decreases the money supply.
(c) does not change the money multiplier, but increases the money supply.
(d) does not change the money multiplier, but decreases the money supply.
15. The Soviet government in the 1980's never abandoned the ruble as the
official currency. However, the people of Moscow preferred to accept
(a) cigarettes in exchange for goods and services, because they were
convinced that cigarettes were going to soon become hard to come by.
(b) American dollars in exchange for goods and services, because rubles were
extremely hard to come by.
(c) goods such as cigarettes or American dollars in exchange for goods and
services, reminding us of the fact that government decree by itself is
not sufficient for the success of a commodity money.
(d) All of the above are correct.
二、非選擇題 (55%)：答題時請適當說明你的想法，答案內容以讓批改者瞭解為原則。
1. (12%) 台大國為一封閉經濟體。已知台大國本年度的總產出 Y = 10000、私部門儲蓄
P G
S = 2000、政府儲蓄 S = -1000。同時可觀察到，台大國的消費 (C) 和投資 (I) 和
利率 (r%) 有關，分別為 C = 6000 - 50r 及 I = 3000 - 100r。請問，台大國本年度
的消費、投資、政府支出 (G) 與稅收 (T) 各是多少？
2. (15%) 假設某一農村中，有老宋、柱柱、小英三名農夫，三人現在手上各擁有 1000 單
位的稻穀可供下一期播種，且每人最多在同一期內的體力可播種 2000 單位的稻穀。若
將「下期可多回收的稻穀量」與「本期播種稻穀量」之比例定義為「報酬率」(若本期
播種 1000 單位稻穀，下棋可回收 1100 單位稻穀，則報酬率為 10%)，則三人的報酬
率分別為老宋 10%、柱柱 20%、小英 30%。
(a) (6%) 假設三人無法彼此借貸自己手上擁有的稻穀，則下一期三人種植出的稻穀量
分別是多少？
(b) (9%) 若三人可以彼此借貸手上擁有的稻穀，並將「下期須還給對方的稻穀量」與
「本期向對方借來的稻穀量」之比例定義為「利率」(若本期甲向乙商借 1000 單
位稻穀，而下期甲須交還乙 1100 單位稻穀，則利率為 10%)。請問在稻穀借貸市
場達到均衡時，均衡利率是多少？三人於下一期可達到的稻穀量又各自是多少？
3. (13%) 阿土伯正在考慮購買一畝香蕉田，購買一年後，阿土伯將可成功種出第一批香蕉
並賣出，請回答下列問題。
(a) (3%) 假設香蕉田的價格為 100 萬元，一年後賣出香蕉的收入為無風險的 120 萬
，請計算購買香蕉田一年的投資報酬率。
(b) (5%) 承上題，若銀行的利率是無風險的 10%，請問一年後香蕉收入的現值
(present value) 是多少？阿土伯是否應該買下香蕉田？
＿
(c) (5%) 假設阿土伯的效益函數是 U = √W，U 為阿土伯的效益，W 為阿土伯獲得的
財富量。若香蕉田的價格同樣是 100 萬元，銀行的無風險利率為 10%，但一年後
賣出香蕉的收入必須視氣候而定。若天氣好則可賣出 169 萬，氣候不佳則只能賣
出 49 萬，而氣候好壞的機率各為 50%。請問阿土伯是否應該購買香蕉田？為什
麼？
4. (15%) 請回答下列問題。
(a) (5%) 假設某國發行 2000 元的貨幣，且法定準備率為 10%。請問貨幣乘數是多少
？若民眾將所有貨幣存入活期存款，該國貨幣供給數量又是多少？
(b) (5%) 假設某國現有一群大學生從學校畢業、開始求職，但在短期內無法找到工作
。請問在大學生畢業之後，對於該國失業率 (unemployment rate) 和勞動參與率
(labor-force participation rate) 各有什麼影響？
(c) (5%) 已知某國僅生產香蕉和芭樂兩種商品，去年共生產 100 單位香蕉和 50 單位
芭樂，香蕉價格為 1，芭樂價格為 2；今年則生產 80 單位香蕉和 60 單位芭樂。
且知若以去年為基期，該國以 GDP 平減指數計算本年度之物價膨脹率為 25%，以
消費者物價指數 (CPI，一籃商品定義為 2 個香蕉和 1 個芭樂) 計算之本年度物
價膨脹率為 10%，請問今年的香蕉和芭樂價格各是多少？
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移居二次元(|R^2)的注意事項： 3. 如果你在從事random walk，往上下左右的
1. connectedness不保證pathwise connec- 的機率都是1/4，則你能回家的機率是1。
tedness。可能你跟你的幼馴染住很近， 4. 下面這個PDE是二次元上的波方程式
卻永遠沒辦法到她家。 http://i.imgur.com/2H9HllP.png
2. ODE的C^1 autonomous system不會出現 它的解不滿足Huygens' principle，因此
chaos，在預測事情上比較方便。 講話時會聽到自己的回音，很不方便。
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