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課程名稱︰普通化學乙
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰李弘文
開課學院：理學院
開課系所︰心理系
考試日期（年月日）︰2008/10/22
考試時限（分鐘）：100 mins
是否需發放獎勵金：yes
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
I. True/False Section: (20%, 2 pts each)
1.T
All the orbitals of a given shell of He+ are degenerate regardless of the
value of the orbital
angular momentum.
2.F
A laser ejects electrons from a copper surface with a kinetic energy of 4 x 10
–19 J. When the
frequency of the laser is doubled, the kinetic energy of the released
electrons will be exactly
doubled.
3.F
In the "best" Lewis structure of XeO4, there are two double bonds and the
formal charge on
Xe is zero.
4.F
The Bohr radius for an electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom is
52.9 pm. The Bohr
radius for an electron in the n = 2 state of He+ is 26.5 pm.
5.F
Because of fluorine's high electronegativity, less energy is required to make
F2- from F- than
to make O2- from O-.
6.F In the 2 NO2 + O3 迳 N2O5 + O2 reaction, NO2 is the oxidizing agent.
7.F
If the second ionization energy of copper is 1958 kJ·mol-1, its first
ionization energy is
greater than 1958 kJ·mol-1.
8.T
An element E has the electronic configuration 1s22s22p4. When E compounds
with lithium, it
will form Li2E.
9.T KF has the highest melting points among KF, KBr, KI and KCl.
10.T In terms of the size, K is larger than K+.
II. Multiple Choice Section: Pick one best answer. (60 %, 2 pts each)
1.A When 12 grams of zinc oxide react with 12 grams of hydrochloric acid
according to the
following balanced chemical equation, what is the limiting reagent?
ZnO + 2HCl 迳 ZnCl2 + H2O
A) ZnO B) HCl C) ZnCl2 D) H2O
2.A
How many milliliters of a 0.100 M sulfuric acid, H2SO4, solution is needed to
make 25.0
milliliters of a 5.00 毕 10-3 M solution?
A) 1.25 mL B) 800 mL C) 8.00 mL D) 125 mL
3.A Which of the following is true for blackbody radiation?
A) The maximum intensity of black-body radiation,汹财max, is inversely
proportional to the
temperature.
B) 财max = constant 毕 T where 财max where 财max is the intensity of
black-body radiation and T is
the temperature in K.
C) T = 2.9 K-mm 毕 财max where 财max is the intensity of black-body radiation
and T is the
temperature in K.汹
D) The maximum intensity of black-body radiation, 财max, increases as the
temperature
increases.
4.C Determine the oxidation number of the underlined element in each of the
following ions or
ions: N2O5, XeF2, Zn(OH)4-, IOA)
-5, +2, +4, +2 B) -5, 0, +2, -1 C) +5, +2, +2, +1 D) +5, 0, +2, +1
5.C Structure I is the better choice between these two Lewis diagrams for
N2O, because
A) structure II does not satisfy the octet rule for all atoms
B) structure I has fewer formal charges than II
C) structure I has the negative formal charge on the most electronegative atom
D) structure I has the positive formal charge on the most electronegative atom
6.D
Why are multiple bonds longer than single bonds?
A) Because of additional bonding electrons.
B) Because more electrons in the multiple bond require more physical space.
C) Because more electrons in the bond push the bonding nuclei farther apart.
D) They are not longer; rather, they are shorter because of additional
bonding electrons.
7.C Given the following the data, what is the energy change for this reaction?
Na(g) + Cl(g) → Na+ (g) + Cl- (g)
Electron Affinity 1st Ionization Energy
Na 52.8 kJ 责mol-1 495.8 kJ 责mol-1
Cl 349.0 kJ 责mol-1 1251.2 kJ 责mol-1
A) –1198.4 kJ mol-1 B) –146.8 kJ mol-1 C) +146.8 kJ mol-1 D) +672.6 kJ mol-1
8.A
How many electrons are in the expanded valence in H2SO4?
A) 12 B) 14 C) 8 D) 10
9.D
Balance the following net ionic redox reaction:
Ca + Sb3+ 迳 Ca2+ + Sb
A) Ca + Sb3+ 迳 Ca2+ + Sb C) Ca + 2Sb3+ 迳 3Ca2+ + Sb
B) 2Ca + 3Sb3+ 迳 2Ca2+ + 3Sb D) 3Ca + 2Sb3+ 迳 3Ca2+ + 2Sb
10.D Use electronegativity to rank the following (FCl, Cl2, BrCl, ICl) in
order of increasing polarity.
A) FCl, Cl2, BrCl, ICl B) ICl, BrCl, Cl2, FCl C) Cl2, FCl, BrCl, ICl D) Cl2,
BrCl, ICl, FCl
11.A How many unpaired electrons exist in the ground state of a Cu+ ion?
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3
12.E Which of the following has the lowest potential energy?
A) an electron and a hydrogen nucleus separated by 4Å
B) an electron and a helium nucleus separated by 4Å
C) an electron and a hydrogen nucleus separated by 2Å
D) an electron and a lithium nucleus separated by 4Å
E) an electron and a gold nucleus separated by 10Å
13.B Which of the following statements is true?
A) A 2s orbital has one nodal plane.
B) An electron in a p-orbital has zero probability of being found at the
nucleus.
C) A p-orbital has a spherical boundary surface.
D) An s-orbital becomes more dense as the distance from the nucleus increases.
14.B Rank the following atoms/ions from smallest to largest in terms of
atom/ionic radii.
A) S2-, Cl-, Ar, K+, Ca2+ C) Ca2+, S2-, K+, Cl-, Ar
B) Ca2+, K+, Ar, Cl-, S2- D) Ar, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, S2-
15.A
Which of the following statements is true?
A) Atoms with high ionization energies and high electron affinities are
highly electronegative.
B) The electronegativity of an atom is defined as half the electron affinity
of the atom.
C) The electronegativity of an atom depends only on the value of the
ionization energy of the
atom.
D) Atoms with low ionization energies and low electron affinities have high
electronegativities.
16.B Which of the following has the highest energy per photon?
A)red light (650 nm) B)blue light (480 nm) C)green light (520 nm) D)orange
light (620
nm)
17.A How many protons (p), electrons (e), and neutrons (n) are in 235
92U ?
A) 92 p, 92e, 143n B) 92 p, 43e, 235n C) 92 p, 92e, 235n D) 235 p, 235e, 143n
18.C Which of the compounds below has bonds with the least covalent character?
A) AgI B) AgCl C) AgF D) AlCl3
19.D Which has the shortest wavelength?
A) 500 nm light C) an electron traveling at 2 x 105m责s-1
B) 1015
Hz light D) a 10 g mass traveling at 10m责s-1
20.C Which set of quantum numbers could correspond to a 4f-orbital?
A) n = 4, l = 4, ml = +3 C) n = 4, l = 3, ml = –3
B) n = 4, l = 3, ml = +4 D) n = 3, l = 2, ml = +1
21.B Methane can be reacted with steam to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen
gas in a two step
reaction. The resulting overall reaction can be written CH4 (g) + 2 H2O(g) →
CO2(g) + 4
H2(g)
How many grams of hydrogen can be produced from each gram of methane?
A) 1.006 B) 0.503 C) 0.377 D) 4.000
22.D Which of the following statements is true?
A) A p-electron penetrates more than an s-electron through the inner shells
of an atom.
B) A p-electron penetrates less than a d-electron through the inner shells of
an atom.
C) A d-electron has a nonzero probability density at the nucleus.
D) A p-electron experiences a smaller effective nuclear charge than an
s-electron.
23.A Predict the electronic configuration in the oxide ion in CaO.
A) [Ne] B) [He]2s22p5 C) [He]2s22p63s2 D) [Ne]3s23p3
24.B In 1.0 s, a 60 W bulb emits 11 J of energy in the form of infrared
radiation (heat) of wavelength
1850 nm. How many photons of infrared radiation does the lamp generate in 1.0
s?
A) 1.0 毕 1029 B) 1.0 毕 1020 C) 6.8 毕 10–14 D) 6.6 毕 1023
25.A Na 迳 Na+ + e- is a reaction of
A) Endothermic reaction (ΔHo > 0) B) Endothermic reaction (ΔHo < 0)
C) Exothermic reaction (ΔHo > 0) D) Exothermic reaction (ΔHo < 0)
26.C A small leak in a water tower drips at a rate of 72 gallons per day.
Express this rate in units of milliliters per minute. (1 gal = 3.785 L)
A) 27.4 mL · min-1 B) 28 mL · min-1 C) 190 mL · min-1 D) 1900 mL · min-1
27.D How many possible sets of quantum numbers (n, l, m, ms) are there with
n=4?
A) 4 B) 8 C) 16 D) 32
28.B In Millikan’s oil drop experiment, he was able to determine the charge
of the electron, because
A) each oil drop had only one electron
B) each oil drop contained an integer number of electrons
C) each oil drop had an identical charge
D) the oil drops were too small to be affected by gravity
29.D Which has the greatest number of hydrogen atoms?
A) 1020
hydrogen atoms. C) 5 g of an unknown compound
B) 100 g of water D) 20 g of hydrogen gas
30.D Why is the bond dissociation energy of C-C greater than that of C-H?
A) because of enhanced sigma bond overlap
B) because the bond is electrostatically stronger
C) because of the decreased bond dipole
D) It isn't, the dissociation energy is greater for C-H11.A How many unpaired electrons exist in the ground state of a Cu+ ion?
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3
III. Integrated Questions (40%, 8 pts each)
1. (a) Draw the most likely Lewis structure of CN22- and
(b). Calculate the formal charge in each atom.
2. The electron in a hydrogen atom is excited to a 4d orbital.
(a)Calculate the energy of the photon released if the electron were then to
move to 2p orbital.
(b)If the outmost electron in a potassium atom were excited to a 4d orbital
and then fell to the same
orbitals, describe qualitatively how the emission spectrum would differ from
that hydrogen (do not do
any calculations). Explain your answer.
(2a) E = 4.09 毕 10‐19 J
(2b) Since potassium has both more electrons and protons than hydrogen, the
individual orbitals
within a given shell will have different energies (arising from the
attractions and repulsions of
electrons with the nucleus and other electrons in the atom). As a result we
would expect to
see emission lines for all the transitions; thus potassium should show four
lines while hydrogen
only shows two.
3. The energy level of a particle of mass m in a two-dimensional (2D) square
box of side L are given
by . A musical acoustics group in England uses a special technique to image
the
modes of a classical guitar, which can be described as 2D particle-in-a-box
model (see Physics Today,
April 2000). The following pictures are a four of them.
(a). Which one of them represents the lowest energy?
(b). Some of these levels have the same energy, called degeneracy.
Which of these modes are degenerate?
(c). Draw a relative energy diagram of these levels, specify their energy and
the corresponding pictures.
4. The 1s wavefunction for a hydrogen atom is
(a). Plot the 马 2 vs. r;
(b). Plot the radial distribution function P(r) 冻4钉 r2马2(r) vs. r.
(c). What does o a mean?
5. Short Description
(a). Ernest Rutherford earned the Nobel Prize of Chemistry in 1908 for his
alpha-particle experiment.
Briefly (i). draw a figure to describe this experiment, and (ii). what is the
major conclusion(s) of this
prize-winning experiment?
(b). Quantum dots (Qdots) can be qualitatively described as
particle-in-a-box. It is found that larger
sized Qdots emitted lights with longer wavelength. Provide an explanation on
this observation.
--
Que la musique l'accompagne en tout lieu.
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