推 hicker:第八第九航權的差別在於?? 11/30 11:29
→ hicker:應該說 第五/七/八/九航權的差別在於?? 11/30 11:49
※ 引述《hicker (會飛的獨行俠)》之銘言：
: 至於航權的取得方面 因為航權屬國家所有
: 所以通常是要兩國的民航主管機關去談出來的 並且要簽航約才算數
: 但台灣的環境比較特殊 也有不少航權是由"台北航空商業同業公會"去談出來的
: 但我記得 好像也有由機場出面去談航權的
: 在航約之下(通常是第三/四/五航權的航約) 也會約定雙方要怎樣飛
: 包括雙方班次數 座位數 貨運量等等
: 簽訂之後再分配給各航空公司來飛
http://www.europarl.eu.int/factsheets/4_5_5_en.htm
Nine Negotiated Airline Freedoms 九種國際航空權
Under current law, and especially 依據現行法律以及
the 1944 Chicago Agreement, 1944 年芝加哥協議規定，
international air transport is 國際航空運輸
governed by the principle of national 原則上受國家主權支配，
sovereignty,
and this places legal restrictions 有其法定限制。
on air traffic.
To remove these restrictions, 為消除此類障礙，
liberalisation involves establishing 便利國際空運，
a number of "freedoms", 乃制定數種「航權」，
as defined in legal literature 載於相關法律，
and, in some cases, 亦或一般國際協議中。
international agreements.
These freedoms are usually identified 航權定義一般皆以數字列出，
by an ordinal number,
rising according to the 依航權大小，
degree of liberalisation. 由小至大順序排列。
a. a.
Technical freedoms 技術航權
established by the international 由國際空運協議所制定
agreement on the transit of air
services (Chicago, 7 December 1944) (1944年12月 7日於芝加哥)
First freedom 第一航權
The right to pass over the territory 允許本國航空器不著陸飛越他國。
of the signatory States
without landing.
Second freedom 第二航權
The right to land in the territory of 允許本國航空器以非營運目的降落他國
the signatory States
for non-commercial reasons
(for a technical stop-over). (為修護或添加燃料等，暫時停降)。
b. b.
Commercial freedoms 商業航權
laid down in a draft international 見於一份尚未生效之國際航空協議之草稿
air transport agreement,
which has not come into force
Third freedom (to) 第三航權 (飛往他國)
The right to set down passengers, 允許一國之航空公司
mail and freight taken up in the 自其國籍國家載運客貨郵件至他國。
territory of the State
in which the aircraft is registered.
Fourth freedom (from) 第四航權 (飛回本國)
The right to take on passengers, 允許一國之航空公司
mail and freight destined for the 自他國載運客貨郵件至其國籍國家。
territory of the State
in which the aircraft is registered.
Fifth freedom (Intermediate & beyond) 第五航權 (中間點權或延遠權)
The right to take on passengers, 允許一國之航空公司
mail and freight destined for the 在他二國間載運客貨郵件，
territory of any other 且其航線起點或終點為其國籍國家。
contracting State
and the right to set down passengers,
mail and freight originating in the
territory of any other
contracting State.
These commercial freedoms are 此三類商業航權目前為國際法上
recognised in international law 雙邊協議所採用，
by bilateral agreements
and within the EU by Community law. 歐洲共同體法亦採認之。
c. c.
Freedoms defined by legal literature 法律定義之航權
Sixth freedom 第六航權
The right to provide 允許一國之航空公司
transport services between 在他二國間載運客貨郵件，
two countries other than the country
in which the aircraft is registered
across the territory of that country. 且途中經過其國籍國家。
A sixth freedom is effectively 第六航權為第三與第四航權之結合。
two sets of third and fourth freedoms.
Seventh freedom 第七航權
The right to operate completely 允許一國之航空公司
outside the territory of the 在他二國間載運客貨郵件，
State of registration 且其航線完全在其國籍國家境外。
and to set down or take on
passengers, mail or freight
originating in or destined for
a third State, which is not the
State of registration.
Eighth freedom (Cabotage) 第八航權 (境內營運權)
The right to transport 允許一國之航空公司
passengers, mail or freight 在他國境內兩地間載運客貨郵件。
from one point to another
within the same State,
which is not the State
in which the aircraft is registered
on a flight which originates 且其航線起點或終點為其國籍國家。
in the airline's home country.
Ninth Freedom 第九航權 (境內營運權)
The right for an airline to originate 允許一國之航空公司
a flight at and carry traffic from one 自他國境內一地載運客貨郵件
point in the territory of a country
to another point in the same country. 至另一地。
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