7. Hydrocolloids of red algae:
agar
carrageeans
gelans
8.Development－one or more apical cells
B. Classification
Class: Rhodophyceae真紅藻綱
Subclass 1:Bangiophycidae 頭髮菜亞綱
Subclass 2:florideophycidae 真紅藻亞綱
Subclass 1: Bangiophycidae
1. Unicellular: Porphyridium 紫球藻
Filamentous: Bangia 頭髮藻
Foliose: Pophyra 紫菜
2. No pit connection
3. No differentiated female sex organ (carpogonium).
4. Intercalary growth, not apical growth
[大部分動物屬generalized growth]
5. Plastid－stellate星狀的
Subclass 2: Folrideophycidae
1. Nemalion 海索麵
Batrachospermum 串珠藻
Polysiphonia 多管藻 [siphon管]
2. Pit connection
3. Female sex organ－oogonium (carpogonium)
4. Apical growth (most)
5. Plastid discoid (exception: Nemalion)
6. Life cycle: Type D
Isomorphic or heteromorphic
1. Porphyridium 紫球藻
No cell wall
Gelatinous substance (agar)
Stellate chloroplast
Cell division
2. Bangia 頭髮菜
On rocks, woodwork, marine
(a few fresh water)
In culture:
＜12h→Bangia filament
(Macroscopic, attached)
＞12h→Conchocelis filament
(Microscopic, free living)
3. Porphyra 紫菜
Life cycle type D
Mitospore
↑↓ (spermatangium)
Gametophyte(n)→antheridium→spermatium→zygote(2n)
↑ ↘ oogonium → egg ↗ ↓
↑ (carpogonium) (4~8個carpospore)
↑ carposporangium
↑ ↓
meiospore(n)←←←conchocelis stage(2n)←carpospore(2n)
(monospore) meiosis
4. Nemalion 海索麵(星狀葉綠體)
(Mostly M, h, type
Some species D type
Heteromorphic)
Carpogonium: (果卵胞)
Oogonium + trichogyne
(Well-developed protuberance)
Spermatangium: (精胞)
Like unicellular antheridium of algae
1 spermatium(無鞭毛) / 1 spermatangium
zygote→mitosis→carpospore(2n)
5. Batrachospermum 串珠藻
Type D
Gametophyt(n)→carpogonium→egg→ zygote
↑ ↘spermatangium(sperm)↗↓
↑meisosis ↓
tetraspore carposporophyte(2n)
↑ ↓
filament(2n) ←←←←← carpospore(2n)
prostrate, SPT germinate
(Chantransia stage)
↑↓
monospore [SPT:sporophyta]
6. Polysiphonia 多管藻
D type
Isomorphic
Oogamy
Dioesious 雌雄異珠
Difference between Rhodophyta and other algae:
1. Sex organ: male－non-flagellate
female－with trichogene
2. Life cycle:
Biphasic－zygotic meiosis→carporspore(n)
Triphasic－(tetra)sporic meiosis→tetrespore
Gametophyte(n)
Carposporophyte(2n)
Tetresporophyte(2n)
Chapter3, The subkingdom algae: Part2
Algae containing chlorophyll a and b
一、Division Prochlorophyta (chloroxy-bacteria)
(1) Prokaryotic
(2) Unicellular or filamentous
(3) Chlorophyll a, b (like land plants)
Kingdom Monera: Archcaebacteria
Eubacteria
Division cyanophyta (Cyanobacteria)
Chlorophyll a
Phycobilin (PS2)
Division Prochlorophyta (Chloroxybacteria)
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b (PS2)
Prochloron (Lewin, 1976)
－Prokaryotic
－Unicellular
－Chlorophyll a, b (like plants)
Prochlorothrix (荷蘭人, 1984) [thrix絲狀的]
－Prokaryotic
－Filamentous
－Chlorophyll a, b (like plants)
Next Monday: test Rhodophyta.
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◆ From: 140.112.249.107
※ 編輯: papabare 來自: 140.112.249.107 (10/01 21:20)