http://tinyurl.com/ny6cte
1988年，先發投手的投球數在96-105球佔全部比賽的18.5%；到了2008年，這比例
提升到32%。2000年，單場用球數至少120球的比賽有454次，上個球季降到只剩71
次。為什麼現在投球數要限制在100球?為什麼只要投球數過了120球就是錯?
1988-2009平均用球數比例: http://a.espncdn.com/i/mlb/start_pitch.jpg
文章中提出可能的解釋:
⊙ 包括攻擊火力提升
⊙ 後援投手的角色更分明
Cardinals pitching coach Dave Duncan said, "Twenty years ago, did you ever
hear a pitcher talking about his role? No. Now, everyone has to know his
role, his specific role."
⊙ 有時，心理作用大於生理
⊙ quality start，這世代的投手會認為只要投到六局並讓球隊保持競爭力，那他們
就完成工作了。而六局，差不多就是100球的用球量
(所以Nolan Ryan重新定義QS為投七局失三分 XD)
⊙ 現在的GM使用更多的數據分析，他們分析著投球數增加提升的受傷機率
⊙ 球迷和媒體的注意
Duncan agreed, saying, "If you're a die-hard supporter of a team, or someone
who covers the team, what happens when the top pitcher on the team breaks?
Everyone looks at the pitch count. The first thing they're going to do is
see if there's any possible way that the pitcher was abused. The media is
now setting the standards for how many pitches to throw."
⊙ 避免受傷
也許是從Kerry Wood受傷後大家更謹慎使用年輕投手。勇士三巨投的健康也使大家
效法他們的謹慎用法。
Duncan said he "doesn't give a damn about what people say about pitch counts
because I know the individual pitcher. [Chris] Carpenter threw 114 pitches
the other night. It was his first time over 110, but we're aware of his
history with his surgeries. What we've done with him and Adam [Wainwright]
is to take their bullpen sessions and warm-up sessions and cut them in half.
Where they might have thrown 75 pitches before a game, now they throw 40.
They're not wasting pitches. That's why we're not reluctant to go 120."
(所以下次看到Wainy投了150球，別擔心，他賽前熱身只投了10球!)
⊙ 有很多年輕的投手
"I'd like to know the average age of the rotations in baseball before 2000,"
said Cardinals manager Tony La Russa. "It seems to me, back then, we had one
guy in his 30s, a couple of guys in their prime at 29 to 31, and only one of
the five in his early 20s. And those guys could all throw more than 100
pitches in a game. But now, it seems, we have three of the five in the
rotation who are in their young 20s. [Former manager] Paul Richards once
explained this to me, and it makes a ton of sense: As a young pitcher, the
arm is growing. It is developing strength. It doesn't have the musculature
that it's going to have in a few years. That's how you develop arm and elbow
strains, even core injuries, because a young body isn't like a mature body,
and it is just not as strong as it's going to be."
La Russa added, "Young guys today rely on stuff. They throw 100 pitches;
they don't pitch 100 pitches. They are max effort on every pitch. And in
the minor leagues, they're doing whatever they can to get from Double-A to
Triple-A, so the stress level is higher. They're getting to the big leagues
younger, there is maximum pressure to perform, and because of that, they
are letting it fly. That's how young pitchers develop arm injuries and
fatigue. In the old days, pitchers spent time in D ball, C ball; they threw
500-600 innings, sometimes 700-800, on lower levels. There was no carrot
out there like there is now to move up. Today's young pitchers are firing
85-90 pitches, fatigue sets in, and the next 15-20 they throw, they're
still firing. A veteran at 70 pitches might have all kinds of stuff left.
Clubs that have a lot of young pitchers are leery of pushing them because
they know it's smart not to push them because they are throwing, not pitching."
只貼出關於我們教練的意見，其他還有Hershiser、Beckett、教士manager Bud Black
、Rays的投教Jim Hickey等人的部分看法，有興趣的話再自己點網頁看吧。
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