[文法] 句子文法詢問

[abuc (阿布)]

不好意思，打擾各位一下

小弟看文章時，對於有些句子的組成有些疑惑

所以上來請教各位

底下是我邊看文章邊搜集的句子

麻煩各位幫忙解答

謝謝


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Often the codes are scanned at the checkout counter, causing the item name
and its price to appear on both the cash register screen and the receipt.

為什麼逗點後面的cause會變成V+ing呢?


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There will be free coffee, orange juice, fruit, and yogurt awaiting you.

後頭await變成了V+ing是做什麼用意的呢

是關係子句變成的嗎?

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A special feature of Toronto is the down town area --- covering about twelve
square kilometers --- where many shops and buildings are located underground.

The temperature fluctuates widely from summer to winter --- by as much as 40
degrees Celsius within a year.


這兩句的句子中有---的符號
在英文中這個的用意是為何?

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I could make arrangements for lunch to be brought in as well.


前面是可以瞭解是說可以安排午餐的事情

而to be brought in as well這個是什麼樣的子句?句子?詞?

用意為何呢?

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謝謝各位的幫忙


--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) 
◆ From: 140.123.105.206
→ jerry185:主要是使用了形容詞句which is causing 然後進行省略
→ priv:there be O +Ving/Ven是固定句型，個人覺得當後位修飾就好了
→ priv:---用法和中文的夾注號還有破折號相同，表說明、注解
→ priv:I could make arrangements for it as well.
→ priv:it = lunch to be brought in
→ priv:我也可幫忙安排把午餐帶進來的事