作者tijj (my two cents)
看板Eng-Class
標題Re: [文法] 有人看過這一條文法規則嗎?
時間Tue Jul 10 19:23:48 2012
※ 引述《Widder8 (維德八)》之銘言:
: 我不知道有沒有中文書提到這規則。
: 但我對這規則很有興趣,因為十分罕見,
: 當然要不要相信這規則的存在是個人的選擇:)
: 我去翻了一下Quirk et al.那本
: <<A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language>>,
: 在第17章28節(17.28)提道、茲節錄如下:
: │will write │
: │will be writing │
: The person who│writes │reports is my colleague. [1]
: │is writing │
: │wrote │
: │was writing │
: The person writing reports is my colleague. [1a]
: The nonfinite clause writing reports in [1a] may be interpreted, according to
: the context, as equivalent to one of the more explicit versions in [1]. ...
: .
: .
: .
: It must be emphasized that -ing forms in postmodifying clauses should not
: be seen as abbreviated progressive forms in relative clauses. Stative verbs,
: for instance, which cannot have the progresssive in the finite verb phrase,
: can appear in participial form(...):
: This is a liquid with a tase resembling that of soapy water.
: ['which resembles'; not:'*which is resembling'] [2]
: It was a mixture consisting of oil and vinegar.
: ['that consited of'; not:'*that was consisting of'] [3]
: .
: .
: .
: 按照該網站的規則,似乎[1]裡面第3句就不該存在了,
並不衝突.
: 更遑論其他未來式、過去式,似乎是都不符合規則。
因為這裡的write屬於action verb, 所以Quirk的 [1a] 可等價 [1].
而resemble 屬於stative verb, 還原成關係子句應該是簡單式而非進行式.
live的性質,事實上介於stative verb與action verb之間.
所以類似直接還原為 "who writes"或 "which resembles" 會是有問題的.
→ Widder8:可是一端的action verb "write"可以,另一端的stative 07/10 18:01
→ Widder8:verb "consist"、"exist"可以,位於中間的"live"卻不行, 07/10 18:01
→ Widder8:不是有點怪怪的嗎 @@? 07/10 18:01
語言不要用數學去想. 因為權威語法家R.A.Close 告訴我們:
"An -ing can replace a stative verb as well as an action verb;"
這是語法家的歸類. 當然有時stative verb 與 action verb的分野並非絕對.
但這是另外議題, 就不在此討論.
還有,比如live/study/work這三組屬性是相近的.不能隨便抓一個動詞就可以類比live.
--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 210.69.13.1
→ Widder8:那麼這個句子還原成who lives問題在哪? 07/10 20:58
在於who lives 與 who is living 不一樣
→ Widder8:其實應該說,簡化成living會有什麼問題? 07/10 21:00
語意不精準
※ 編輯: tijj 來自: 146.115.61.107 (07/11 00:16)