Separation of electron and nuclear motion
separation of the electron and nuclear motions was first formulated in a
precise manner by Born and Oppenheimer in 1927
although the mathematical details of the approximation are not of interest
to most chemists, the results have considerable importance because it is
only within this approximation that one can introduce the concept of a
molecular potential energy surface and potential energy surfaces are central
to our understanding of molecular structure, spectroscopy and chemical
kinetics
the vast evidence of molecular spectroscopy shows that it is a good
approximation to talk about rotational, vibrational and electronic energies
as separate entities and this shows that the Born-Oppenheimer approximation
is a good starting point for molecular wavefunctions
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