→ salmony:嗨伯克萊............................ 07/20 00:10
SC-必考規則
Sentence Correction在考試的時候有六個必考規則
1.Parallelism 平衡對稱
(1)Be動詞的對稱
(2)對等連接詞的對稱
2.Pronoun Usage 代名詞
(1)一定要有先行詞
(2)清楚表示所代之名詞
(3)代名詞與名詞[數量,人稱,性別]一致
(4)不可廣泛指涉->否則形同虛設
(5)不可曖昧暗示->必須明白表示
(6)不可中途攔截->必須相依相隨
3.Subject-Verb Agreement 主詞與動詞一致
(1)語意規則->直奔西伯利亞
(2)緊鄰規則->只限於成對之連接詞
4.Coherence 連貫性
(1)脫節->不可張冠李戴(將主詞放置句首)
(2)修飾語誤置->不可若即若離(觀察是否產生奇怪句意)
(3)切勿雙向修飾->不可腳踏兩條船
5.Conciseness 簡潔
(1)盡量不用子句->使用片語,同位語->最好使用單字
(2)避免虛字->there be
(3)消去意義相同的字->贅詞
6.Illogical Comparison 比較要同類
-> 絕對要[硬梆梆]比較->不可委曲求全
(1)a. Like/Unlike A,B + V
b. A is like B = A is similar to B
c. A, like B, V
d. compare A with B = A is compared with B
e. In contrast to A, B + V
f. A resemble B
(2)a. as 原級 as
b. 比較級 than
(3)用時間做比較單位
以上是大略簡介~
以下開始針對必考規則內容做更深入的探討
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Parallelism 平衡對稱
1.兩種情況不能提公因式
(1)子句:Noun Clause, Adj.Clause, Adv.Clause連接詞務必保留
(2)介系詞:受詞不同->介系詞->Emphasis
2.Be動詞的平衡對稱
(1)以be動詞的後半段為主
to V to V
V-ing be V-ing
N N
N-Clause N-Clause
*不定詞或是動名詞擔任主詞,動詞必須是單數
(2)人 be N,V-ing
->人 = N,V-ing
人 be adj.phrase,adv.phrase
->人 =/= adj.phrase,adv.phrase
(3)主詞 + be + (冠詞) + 主詞補語
a.主詞補語 = 單數普通名詞 -> 加不定冠詞 a/an
ex.John is a Catholic.
My sister is an artist.
b.主詞補語 = 複數普通名詞 -> 不加冠詞 (但若加了 the -> 意義不同)
ex.Dolphins are mammels.
They are students of the class. (本班部分同學)
They are the students of the class. (全班同學)
c.主詞補語 = 抽象,專有或物質名詞 -> 不加冠詞
ex.Knowledge is power.
The capital of Taiwan is Taipei.
d.有些主詞補語 = 名詞 -> 類似形容詞的功用
ex.A man over a hundred years old is a rarity.
These watches are a fake.
e.主詞補語 = 名詞子句 -> 連接詞不可省略 -> 否則兩個動詞
主詞 + be + 連接詞 + 主詞 + 動詞
3.GMAT常出現的對等連接詞
(1)(both) A and B
(2)not only A but (also) B
=not only A but B as well
=not merely A but B
=not alone A but B
(3)(either)A or B
(4)neither A nor B
(5)whether A or B
(6)more B than A = less A than B
(7)not so much A as B
(8)not A but (rather) B
(9)A as well as B
(10)A rather than B
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Pronoun Usage 代名詞
1.一定要有先行詞
(1)it,this,that,these,those如果沒有名詞可代->喪失代名詞功能->不可單獨使用
ex.Whenever(it is) possible, we should use a phrase instead of a
subordinate clause.
(2)名詞子句 vs 形容詞子句
名詞子句 -> 完整的句子 S + V + O
形容詞子句 -> 不完整的句子 S + Vt + O
ex.The fact that she has inner grace is more important.
->that = 連接詞 (名詞子句)
The fact that we must recognize is the lack of respect for the old.
->that = 關係代名詞 (形容詞子句)
That the earth is round is known to us.
*名詞子句擔任主詞,動詞必須是單數
(3)What vs How
What? -> N,N clause,N phrase
How? -> adj,adj clause,adj phrase
2.清楚表示所代之名詞
不可以代替名詞或是子句
3.代名詞語名詞[數量,人稱,性別]一致
4.不可廣泛指涉->否則形同虛設
ex.After the heavy rain was over, you still felt hot and sticky.(indefinite)
After the heavy rain was over, people still felt hot and sticky.
ex.It says in the China post that it will probably snow tomorrow.(indefinite)
The China post says that it will probably snow tomorrow.
It is said in the China post that it will probably snow tomorrow.
5.不可曖昧暗示->必須明白表示
ex.Although Mary is fond of poetry, she has never written one herself.(weak)
Although Mary is fond of poetry, she has never written a poem herself.
Although Mary is fond of poems, she has never written one herself.
6.不可中途攔截->必須相依相隨
ex.There was a love story in the magazine which I read.(intercepted)
In the magazine there was a love story which I read.
In the magazine which I read there was a love story.
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今天先介紹到這邊,明天再繼續必考規則的主動詞一致........
敬請期待~
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