推 pringless:謝謝你！！講解得很仔細 這樣我懂了 祝你新年快樂 01/29 15:39
※ 引述《pringless (pringles~*)》之銘言：
: 44. Although the prevailing supposition has been that it is too hot for
: microorganisms to survive deep below the Earth's surface, some scientists
: argue that there are living communities of microorganisms there that have
: been cut off from surface life for millions of years. These scientists base
: their argument on the discovery of living microorganisms in samples of
: material that were taken from holes drilled as deep as 1.74 miles.
: The scientists' argument depends on which of the following assumptions?
: (B)No holes have been drilled into the Earth's surface to a distance deeper
: than 1.74 miles.
: (C)The microorganisms did not come from surface soil that came into contact
: with the drilling equipment.
: 正確答案是（C） 想請問一下(B)把NO拿掉變成有發現比1.74更深的洞 不是反駁原文
: 說因為深層太熱所以沒辦法存活嗎？ 那為什麼不能當假設阿
原文說深達 1.74Mile 的地方有細菌，所以證明細菌存在於地下
深處。
而把NO拿掉，代表有洞 ＞＝1.74Mile,而還找得到細菌，那更證明
地下深處有細菌，沒有反駁原文，反而是支持，所以加上 NO 並沒
有成為「反駁的反駁」，所以不能當假設。
: 50. To produce seeds, plants must first produce flowers. Two kinds of
: tarragon plants, Russian tarragon and French tarragon, look very similar
: except that Russian tarragon produces flowers and French tarragon does not.
: The leaves of Russian tarragon, however, lack the distinctive flavor that
: makes French tarragon a desirable culinary herb.
: If the information presented is true, which of the following can most
: reliably be concluded on the basis of it?
: (C)Plants that grow from seeds sold in a packet labeled "tarragon" are not
: French tarragon.
: (E)Garden plants that have flavorful leaves generally do not produce
: flowers.
: 為什麼(E)不對呀？ R有花=>不香 F沒有花=>不香 不是滿合理的推測嗎....=___=
原文的花只有 tarragon，而（E）答案說的是「所有的 garden plants」
所以若選（E）則會「從部分例子推整體」而犯了歸納的錯。
: 另外 我有點不懂來欣謝老師的他因 複因欸^^"
: 像51. New regulations in Mullentown require manufacturers there to develop
: five-year pollution-reduction plans. The regulations require that each
: manufacturer develop a detailed plan for reducing its released pollutants by
: at least 50 percent. Clearly, the regulations will not result in significant
: ^^^^^^^^
: pollution reduction, however, since the regulations do not force
: manufacturers to implement their plans.
: Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument?
: 這題我原本想說是will 所以代表結果為發生=>推翻果 用複因
: 但是解析是說另有他因可造成此結果 讓我有點搞混他因跟複因的使用時機跟方法了
: 請教各位牛人 幫忙指點迷津 謝謝！！>____<"
原文的「結果」是「不會導致」(will not result in)，而此「結果」
尚未發生，因此應該「推翻結果」，所以方法該為「複因」，因此加
入新原因後，會「導致」，而推翻了「原結果」。
根據原 po 所說，
看起來解析中所說的「他因可造成此結果」中的「結果」，似為「
significant pollution reduction」，而非「will not result in
significant pollution reduction」，所以才會覺得弄反了。
此題應該還是用「複因」沒錯，而非用「他因」。
參考看看。
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