一直以來無法徹底瞭解With當修飾語的用法。
參考大家的討論或筆記,with當作伴隨的功能,還是無法在實戰發揮甚麼效用
只要一有with修飾語,整體的答題踏實感就下降許多。
參考CD上的總結,大致分作三種類型,我提出自己的詮釋,煩請前輩們指正。
1. 逗點 + with -- 安插在句中或句尾
2. with 無逗點 -- 安插在句中或句尾
3. With -- 置於句首
類型1
The diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian
—vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.
Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen
monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks
on a clothesline.
Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of
sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage
of time like the rings in a tree trunk.
以上三個例子,我認為 ", +with" 在這的功能是當作副詞來用,修飾主語及它的動作,
而且如果在原先", +with"置換whose 或 which has/have,有dangling的問題,
所以", + with" 的內容如可以充分解釋前述主語及與它相伴的動作,則正確。
類型2
The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon were built on a spectacular scale
with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms
each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.
George Sand (Aurore Lucile Dupin) was one of the first European writers to
consider the rural poor legitimate subjects for literature and to portray
them with sympathy and respect in her novels.
The failing of the book lies not in a lack of attention to scientific
detail but in the depiction of scenes of life and death in the marine
world with emotional overtones that reduce the credibility of the work.
乍看之下,無逗點with好像在修飾緊鄰的N,但我個人認為,此類型的功能與類型一
雷同,都是在修飾前述子句的主語與動作。例如:1. with 後的補述,可以修飾the
settlements 是多麼地被大規模建造。我承認第三個例子,有點不像,但還是能勉強
修飾the failing of the books 是如何地缺乏科學細節:with emotional overtones
類型3
With an awareness that there are connotations associated with
the numbers 1 and 2 and the letters A and B, companies conducting
consumer taste tests of foods or beverages typically choose numbers
such as 697 or 483 to label the products.
With the cost of wireless service plummeting in the last year and
mobile phones becoming increasingly common, many people are now using their
mobile phones to make calls across a wide region at night and on weekends,
when numerous wireless companies provide unlimited airtime for a relatively
small monthly fee.
以上是With當句首的例題,我認為With帶出的句子,也是一樣當作副詞用。
修飾後面主要子句的主語和動作。不過看來簡單,好多時候with句首帶出的
答案還是不太敢選.....
看來,只要With後的資訊,不會與主句的主語動作有Dangling的問題,
該選項的正確可能性就大很多,畢竟它比起關代等,真的是要來的簡潔阿。
以上純屬嘗試性分析,請前輩們引導糾正小弟的淺見,或是提供些判斷with
句子正確的方法,希望可以多多幫忙了,感謝。
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