推 kiteflyer:寫的真好! 謝謝分享 04/09 13:04
推 kk29212002:大大感謝你!!講解的非常清楚 你的心得也讓我受益良多! 04/10 00:00
※ 引述《kk29212002 (Kevin)》之銘言：
: The thirteen original British colonies in North America,
: some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens,
: ---------------------------------------------------------------
: each had a written charter that set forth its form of government and
: --------------------------
: the rights of the colonists.
這題考的是兩個用法：同位語與插入語。
先來解析一下句子。
The thirteen original British colonies in North America,
/some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens,/
---------------------------------------------------------------
each had a written charter that set forth its form of government and
--------------------------
the rights of the colonists.
斜線部分是所謂的「插入語」，而這裡有兩個平行的插入語
'some...as...'跟'others...as...'
要怎樣辨視插入語？我高中英文老師說
只要看到名詞後面跟著一個逗點，往後找一定能找到第二個逗點
兩個逗點中間即為插入語，有兩個特色：
1.就像括號一樣，用意是補充說明，
遮住插入語完全不影響主句文法結構
2.補充誰呢？當然是補充逗號前的名詞，
因此，插入語帶頭的名詞/代名詞優先指代逗號前的名詞
→在這題之中，some與others分別是
some/others of [the thirteen......in north america]的省略
這句的主動詞並不是formed，而是had
為什麼呢？就要講到第二個用法「同位語」
主句前綴名詞我通常稱做「頭銜式同位語」，舉例而言，
the xxth u.s. president, barack obama has been.....
這個句式肯定很熟悉吧，在主句首前綴的名詞幾乎都是做主詞的同位語
換回這個題目，
: The thirteen original British colonies in North America,
: some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens,
: ---------------------------------------------------------------
: each had a written charter that set forth its form of government and
: --------------------------
: the rights of the colonists.
each才是主句的主詞，had是動詞
the thirteen.....其實是each的頭銜式同位語，
跳過插入語修飾主詞[剛剛說過插入語完全不影響主要架構文法]
也就是說each是each of the thirteen.....的省略。
這樣清楚了嗎？我倒不覺得這題有獨立主格的意思。
不過，如果考試時用以上的方法思考，就準備吃time-up penalty吧。
在考試時絕對要用逆向刪去法：
: A.some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens,
: each had a written charter
乍看之下合理且平行，保留
: B.some being formed as a commercial venture,
: others as religious havens, all of which had written charters
being冗長，刪掉意思還是一樣
all與未劃線部分的its明顯主謂不合
: C.some that formed as commercial ventures,
: others as religious havens, all had written charters
all與its不合
: D.with some being formed as a commercial venture,
: others as religious havens, all had a written charter
being冗長
: E.with some formed as commercial ventures,
: while others as religious havens, each had a written charter
雖然沒有出現b.c.d.的錯誤，但with...與while...明顯不平行，錯
: 答案是A
一分鐘之內應該可以順利解完。
總結而言，考試時看的是對考點的敏感，
這題眼睛一掃選項就應該立刻找出兩個考點：
1.being是gmat非常常見的冗長用法
2.看到主句一半劃線一半沒劃線，
立即check主謂是否平行、主詞與後面代名詞是否合理
希望這樣有解決到你的問題。
dustin
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