推 SagiCapri:謝謝Dustin鄉民, 清楚地點出了很多細節!! 08/15 23:29
※ 引述《SagiCapri (Hello~)》之銘言:
: 以下是GWD TN第三套閱讀第一篇原文,
: 架構大概是:
: 作者一開始先提出有許多證據顯示鳥類演化自恐龍,
: 然而有些科學家並不相信這個說法。
: 接下來,作者先提出科學家的argument 1 並反駁;
: 再提出科學家的argument 2 再反駁,
: 最後提出科學家的argument 3 再攻擊。(結束)
我來試試看...
: Although many lines of evidence indicate that birds evolved from
'although'點出了這篇文章一定有轉折
: ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs, some scientists remain unconvinced. They
點出文章topic'鳥類是否從陸生恐龍演化而來'(現象解釋)
接下來預期會有一個到多個學者/作者理論,作者提出評判(最後可能還有延伸應用)
: argue that theropods appeared too late to have given rise to birds, noting
批判論點句出現。
: that Archaeopteryx lithographic - the oldest known bird - appears in the
A.l.這個生物有同位語解釋,可能會定位考細節題,要記下來出現位子
: fossil record about 150 million years ago, whereas the fossil remains of
對比出現處,可能會考a.l.跟n.m.t的差距
: various nonavian maniraptor theropods - the closest known relatives of birds
n.m.t有同位語解釋,一樣有可能專門考何者為真
: - date only to about 115 million years ago. But investigators have now
: uncovered bones that evidently belong to nonavian maniraptors dating to the
: time of Archaeopteryx. In any case, failure to find fossils of a predicted
有轉折字眼,check發現的確有作者反駁此論點的轉折意思,記下位置
: kind does not rule out their existence in an undiscovered deposit. Skeptics
: also argue that the fused clavicles (the "wishbone") of birds differ from the
前面同一批的反駁者(also)提出第二點,回去把第一個批判論點句寫1. 這邊標2.
: unfused clavicles of theropods. This objection was reasonable when only early
: theropod clavicles had been discovered, but fossilized theropod clavicles
: that look just like the wishbone of Archaeopteryx have now been unearthed.
這句為「特殊語氣」句,很有可能考Highlight作用題或suggest題,記下位子
並從but....得知作者反駁此批判論點
: Finally, some scientists argue that the complex lungs of birds could not have
第三個批判論點句寫3.
: evolved from theropod lungs, an assertion that cannot be supported or
: falsified at the moment, because no fossil lungs are preserved in the
: paleontological record.
作者給出態度(尚待研究)
文章架構是現象解釋,一個普遍認為的「解釋」所受到的「質疑」被作者化解/討論
重點在於evaluate「質疑」而非一開始的解釋本身。
: 我的問題是第一題
: The primary purpose of the passage is to
: A) compare the development of two hypotheses concerning the evolutionary
: origin of birds
沒有明顯的兩者對比,而是三個質疑一一打槍
: B) suggest revisions to the standard theory of the evolutionary history of
: birds
沒有提出修正,簡單來說就是只會嘴砲沒有提出建議
: C) evaluate the usefulness of fossil evidence in determining the
: evolutionary history of birds
不是評估證據 而是評估質疑
: D) challenge the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod
: dinosaurs
: E) respond to criticisms of the theory that birds evolved from
: ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs
: 正解 E
: 關於E(D)這兩個選項用到的"Theory"在文章中並沒有提到,
看主旨題時,動詞表示了文章的style,是要優先考慮的
(尤其像to criticize跟to provide a criticism就是完全不同的態度。)
而theory文章不一定會寫出,但只要記住學者提出的推測/判斷句/主張,
就算是廣義theory的一種。
: 沒有明指攻擊的argument是來自某個理論,
: 且文章一開始也只有說"many lines of evidence indicate..."
: 覺得怎麼也推不出Theory這個字 (還是我漏看了哪裡@@)
: 所以對正確答案感到非常疑惑@@"
以上由Dustin鄉民提供
--
Dustin Deng
(一戰自修760,AWA 5.5)
Verbal 機經使用技巧:
danyuchn@gmail.com
--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 61.230.134.192
※ 編輯: danyuchn 來自: 61.230.134.192 (08/15 22:39)