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※ 引述《SagiCapri (Hello~)》之銘言: : 以下是GWD TN第三套閱讀第一篇原文, : 架構大概是: : 作者一開始先提出有許多證據顯示鳥類演化自恐龍, : 然而有些科學家並不相信這個說法。 : 接下來,作者先提出科學家的argument 1 並反駁; : 再提出科學家的argument 2 再反駁, : 最後提出科學家的argument 3 再攻擊。(結束) 我來試試看... : Although many lines of evidence indicate that birds evolved from 'although'點出了這篇文章一定有轉折 : ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs, some scientists remain unconvinced. They 點出文章topic'鳥類是否從陸生恐龍演化而來'(現象解釋) 接下來預期會有一個到多個學者/作者理論,作者提出評判(最後可能還有延伸應用) : argue that theropods appeared too late to have given rise to birds, noting 批判論點句出現。 : that Archaeopteryx lithographic - the oldest known bird - appears in the A.l.這個生物有同位語解釋,可能會定位考細節題,要記下來出現位子 : fossil record about 150 million years ago, whereas the fossil remains of 對比出現處,可能會考a.l.跟n.m.t的差距 : various nonavian maniraptor theropods - the closest known relatives of birds n.m.t有同位語解釋,一樣有可能專門考何者為真 : - date only to about 115 million years ago. But investigators have now : uncovered bones that evidently belong to nonavian maniraptors dating to the : time of Archaeopteryx. In any case, failure to find fossils of a predicted 有轉折字眼,check發現的確有作者反駁此論點的轉折意思,記下位置 : kind does not rule out their existence in an undiscovered deposit. Skeptics : also argue that the fused clavicles (the "wishbone") of birds differ from the 前面同一批的反駁者(also)提出第二點,回去把第一個批判論點句寫1. 這邊標2. : unfused clavicles of theropods. This objection was reasonable when only early : theropod clavicles had been discovered, but fossilized theropod clavicles : that look just like the wishbone of Archaeopteryx have now been unearthed. 這句為「特殊語氣」句,很有可能考Highlight作用題或suggest題,記下位子 並從but....得知作者反駁此批判論點 : Finally, some scientists argue that the complex lungs of birds could not have 第三個批判論點句寫3. : evolved from theropod lungs, an assertion that cannot be supported or : falsified at the moment, because no fossil lungs are preserved in the : paleontological record. 作者給出態度(尚待研究) 文章架構是現象解釋,一個普遍認為的「解釋」所受到的「質疑」被作者化解/討論 重點在於evaluate「質疑」而非一開始的解釋本身。 : 我的問題是第一題 : The primary purpose of the passage is to : A) compare the development of two hypotheses concerning the evolutionary : origin of birds 沒有明顯的兩者對比,而是三個質疑一一打槍 : B) suggest revisions to the standard theory of the evolutionary history of : birds 沒有提出修正,簡單來說就是只會嘴砲沒有提出建議 : C) evaluate the usefulness of fossil evidence in determining the : evolutionary history of birds 不是評估證據 而是評估質疑 : D) challenge the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod : dinosaurs : E) respond to criticisms of the theory that birds evolved from : ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs : 正解 E : 關於E(D)這兩個選項用到的"Theory"在文章中並沒有提到, 看主旨題時,動詞表示了文章的style,是要優先考慮的 (尤其像to criticize跟to provide a criticism就是完全不同的態度。) 而theory文章不一定會寫出,但只要記住學者提出的推測/判斷句/主張, 就算是廣義theory的一種。 : 沒有明指攻擊的argument是來自某個理論, : 且文章一開始也只有說"many lines of evidence indicate..." : 覺得怎麼也推不出Theory這個字 (還是我漏看了哪裡@@) : 所以對正確答案感到非常疑惑@@" 以上由Dustin鄉民提供 -- Dustin Deng (一戰自修760,AWA 5.5) Verbal 機經使用技巧: danyuchn@gmail.com -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 61.230.134.192 ※ 編輯: danyuchn 來自: 61.230.134.192 (08/15 22:39)
SagiCapri:謝謝Dustin鄉民, 清楚地點出了很多細節!! 08/15 23:29