作者Vegeer89 (vegeer)
看板HCHS60314
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時間Wed May 20 03:07:37 2009
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Amines are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary, corresponding to one,
two, or three alkyl or aryl groups bonded to nitrogen.
Quaternary ammonium salts have four alkyl or aryl bonds to a nitrogen atom.
The nitrogen atom bears a positive charge, just as it does in simple ammonium
salts such as ammonium chloride. The following are examples of quaternary ammonium
salts.
Common names of amines are formed from the names of the alkyl groups bonded to
nitrogen, followed by the suffix -amine. The prefixes di-, tri- and tetra- are
used to descibe two, three or four identical substiuents.
Mild cases of alkaloid poisoning can produce psychological effects the resemble
peacefulness, euphoris, or hallucinations. People seeking these effects often
become addicted to alkaloids. Alkaloid addiction often ends in death; current
estimates are over 400,000 deaths in the United States per year, including
both natural alkaloids like nicotine and cocainem and synthetic alkaloids
like amphetamine.
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