→ swallow73:感覺這國家的民主水準比肯亞還糟糕,肯亞現任總統加上作 03/01 10:40
→ swallow73:票也才以些微差距驚險連任 03/01 10:40
※ 編輯: swallow73 來自: 122.127.66.154 (03/01 12:44)
推 nplnt:我覺得這樣只讓人更認為俄國的民主程度低劣 03/02 11:51
→ nplnt:還不如巴基斯坦 03/02 11:52
重點:俄羅斯的總統選舉不是玩真的，而是一齣拙劣的人
民授權給普丁欽點接班人的戲碼。
就算不操弄選舉Medvedev先生仍然會贏，雖然他聲稱自己很忙，
沒空做任何競選活動，近身接觸群眾；不過人民一來認為他是經
濟成長的功臣之一；二來電視媒體受到官方嚴格控管，幾乎只報
他老兄的消息，其他候選人可說是毫無機會可言。
儘Medvedv老兄的勝選是不必懷疑的，不過俄羅斯官方希望能表
演給西方國家看Medvedv是受到絕大多數人民支持的統治
者，所以打算動點手腳把必然會不怎麼好看的投票率提升一
下。
做法包括強迫公教人員跟學生做不在場投票，這種方式
比讓他們現場投票可靠的多。全體集合起來，讓他們領票
蓋章後做檢查即可。想要言論表達的自由?也行，你可以馬
上換工作，不過換了工作後有沒有言論自由還是很可疑的事。
目前俄羅斯唯一能自由行使投票權的只有滿身肌肉的普丁總統。
除此之外，由於俄羅斯幅原廣大，又缺乏有公信力的監督
團體，看地方選舉主辦單位要自己在票箱加料或者是事後
再將傳回去的數字美容一番都是輕而易舉的事。
雖然這篇報導指出這麼大費手腳辦選舉，集中管制投票，
搞數字遊戲都是玩給西方看的；不過既然西方國家有自由
媒體，官方也不可能封死人民的嘴巴不讓人民報料給西方
記者知道；這樣麻煩的演一番人人都看得出來是黑心加工
製作出來的民主大戲又是何苦呢?
標題:Kremlin planning to rig election
Luke Harding and Tom Parfitt in Moscow
新聞來源: The Guardian
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/feb/29/russia2
(需有正確連結)
The Kremlin is planning to falsify the results of this Sunday's presidential
election in Russia by compelling millions of public sector workers to vote
and by fraudulently boosting the official turnout after polls close, the
Guardian has learned.
Governors, regional officials, and even headteachers have been instructed to
deliver a landslide majority for Dmitry Medvedev - Russia's first deputy
prime minister, whom President Vladimir Putin has endorsed to be his
successor.
Officials have been told they need to secure a 68% to 70% turnout in this
weekend's poll - with around 72% casting votes for Medvedev. However,
independent analysts believe the real turnout will be much lower - with
between 25% and 50% of the electorate taking part.
The Kremlin is planning to bridge the gap by the use of widespread fraud,
diplomats and other independent sources have told the Guardian. Local
election officials are preparing to stuff ballot boxes once the polls have
closed with unused ballots, they believe, with regional officials also giving
inflated tallies to Russia's central election commission.
Additionally, public sector workers including teachers, students, and doctors
have been told to vote on Sunday or risk losing their jobs or university
places. Parents have even been warned at parents' meetings that if they fail
to turn up their children might suffer at school.
Marina Dashenkova, a spokeswoman for the Golos independent poll-monitoring
organisation, said complaints to its hotline were following a similar pattern
to those during Russia's rigged parliamentary poll in December. Forced use of
absentee ballots, pressure on state workers and the banned use of state
resources to promote Medvedev were the most common complaints, she said.
Renat Suleymanov, secretary of the Communist Party in the Novosibirsk region,
said byudzhetniki (state workers) in schools, libraries, kindergartens and
doctors' clinics as well as employees of private companies were "coming under
intense pressure from the authorities" to vote in tightly controlled
conditions at their place of work using absentee ballots.
Also in Novosibirsk, opposition websites published a letter from mayoral
officials to health service chiefs and doctors, describing how they should
monitor and report back on the voting of their subordinates.
In Vladivostok, Vladimir Bespalov, a deputy in the local parliament, said he
had acquired a document showing bureaucrats were given an order to ensure a
65% turnout and a vote of more than 65% for Medvedev.
The document laid out precise figures to be achieved in certain districts, he
told reporters, with some expected to deliver 88% for the Kremlin candidate.
"Clearly, we are talking about instructions to bureaucrats who are expected
to deliver a victory for Medvedev that corresponds to pre-planned results,"
he said. "According to my information, if these figures are not reached then
the people responsible can expect punishment right up to being sacked."
In Niznhny Novgorod there were reports of students being forced to vote for
Medvedev or face being thrown out of dormitories. Vladimir Primachyok, a
campaign official with presidential candidate Gennady Zyuganov, the chief
rival to Dmitry Medvedev, claimed students in Irkutsk were being forced to
vote under the supervision of college or university officials.
"Members of the law enforcement structures came to us and said that they had
been forced to take absentee ballots and give them in to their heads of
departments or the personnel department," he added. "All of this is a blatant
violation of electoral laws."
The purpose of the falsification is to boost the legitimacy of 42-year-old
Medvedev - who will take over from Putin in May as Russia's third post-Soviet
leader.
Analysts admit that Medvedev would have won the election anyway without
Kremlin interference - but on an embarrassingly small turnout. While a
sizeable chunk of the population is happy with Medvedev because they see him
as a joint-architect of Russia's economic revival, analysts say there is
widespread voter apathy because his victory is seen as a foregone conclusion.
Western governments now face the dilemma of whether to congratulate Medvedev
on his "victory". Last month the Organisation for Security and Co-Operation
in Europe announced it was boycotting Sunday's poll, after the Kremlin
refused to give visas in time to its election monitors.
The Kremlin used similar tactics during December's parliamentary elections,
which the OSCE's parliamentary assembly described as "neither free nor fair".
Analysts today noted that Russian voters had become increasingly accepting of
official vote rigging and no longer regarded it as anything unusual.
"There's no independent control. It's very easy to do. In some places they
will put in extra ballots. In other places election officials will give data
that just doesn't exist," Mikhail Delyagin, an economist and the director of
Moscow's Institute on Globalisation Problems, told the Guardian.
"The only person with a real vote in this country is Vladimir Putin. He has
already made his position known," he added. Asked whether he intended to vote
himself on Sunday he replied: "Do I look like an idiot?"
"No-one needs to be instructed any more. Everybody knows what to do," said
the political scientist Stanislav Belkovsky. "The technology has been proved
over the past four years in Russia. Once the polls close unused ballot papers
are taken, filled in for Medevdev, of course, and thrown into the box. The
boxes are then stamped and re-opened a second later. Then they start to count.
"The technology is very easy. You don't need to make it complicated. Every
election commission member is personally responsible. The central election
commission also knows it can rely on governors. They are more interested in
protecting their business interests than in democracy in this country."
Asked why the Kremlin elite felt the need to fix the presidential poll,
Belkovsky said: "They can't be Saddam Hussein or the Chinese leadership. The
idea is to gain legitimacy in the west."
One western diplomat told the Guardian that the administration was now
involved in a complicated "numbers game" - designed to ensure that Medvedev
won a clear first round victory in Sunday's vote, but that his tally didn't
exceed the 71% won by Vladimir Putin's United Russia party during December's
State Duma elections.
There would be little "systematic overt rigging" during Sunday's voting, the
diplomat said. Instead the figures would be "massaged" afterwards during the
accounting and tabulation process, he suggested - a common practice across
the former Soviet Union. "In a country of this size how do you monitor that?"
he asked.
The Kremlin has shrugged off accusations that it manipulated last December's
poll - despite the fact that in several areas of Russia, including Chechnya
and other parts of the North Caucuses, 99% of the population were said to
have voted for Putin's United Russia party. The official turnout in Chechnya
was 99.6%. Earlier this month Putin hailed the result as "perfectly
objective".
This week, however, a leading Soviet dissident wrote an open letter to the
outgoing president, eloquently describing elections in contemporary Russia as
nothing more than a "tasteless farce being played out by untalented directors
on the entire boundless Russian stage."
Sergei Kovalev, a veteran human rights activist who spent seven years in
Soviet labour camps, wrote that - "thanks to Putin's 'deliberate efforts' -
we once again have no elections - the main criterion for a democracy. Not
even Stalin could have dreamed of the Chechen record."
He added: "It's entirely redundant to tediously collect up all the electoral
commission protocols rewritten in retrospect, or evidence of shenanigans with
ballot papers etc - it's all clear enough anyway ... The simulation was not
for us but for the west you so dislike."
Medvedev is competing against three other candidates - the veteran communist
leader Gennady Zyuganov, the ultra-nationalist Vladimir Zhironovsky and a
fake democrat, Andrey Bogdanov. The Kremlin has prevented Mikhail Kasyanov,
the only genuinely democratic challenger, from taking part in the poll,
claiming that signatures on his election petition had been falsified.
The communists have repeatedly complained of overwhelming media bias by
Russia's state-run television, which in the run-up to the poll has lavishly
covered Medvedev's daily activities and his recent tour of the country's far
east. Until this week, Medvedev has refused to campaign, claiming he has been
to busy.
In a televised address today, Putin urged Russians to vote. "The voice of
each one of you will be important," he said, adding that they needed to turn
out so that the next president could be "effective and confident".
Case study: schoolteacher, Novosibirsk
"They got us teachers together in the school a couple of weeks ago and told
us to take absentee ballots and vote at work. They told us election day
[Sunday] will be a working day. A few young teachers asked, 'What about
freedom of expression?' They were told, 'If you want freedom, go and look for
work in a different place.'
"I have a colleague who works in a different school in the city and she says
the same thing happened to them. She took an absentee ballot and showed it to
her boss and they ticked her off the list.
"It seems to me they want people to vote at work because it will be easier
for them to control the process there. Since the meeting in our school they
have constantly been coming to us and asking if we have taken our absentee
ballots. I refused to take one. I'm going to vote in the place where I live.
I want to vote the way I want and not how somebody tells me.
"I've heard that the same thing is going on in kindergartens all across the
city. They're being told to take absentee ballots and vote in a particular
place, all together.
"If they found out I had been talking to you they would sack me."
--
■所有荷蘭人如果每週一天不吃肉，就可達到荷蘭政府希望家家戶戶一年所減少的二氧化
碳排放量目標。
■南美洲約有四億公頃的黃豆作物是種給牛吃的；如果是提供給人類食用，則只需兩千五
百萬公頃就可以滿足全世界所需。
「不吃肉、騎腳踏車、少消費，就可協助遏止全球暖化。」 by Dr. Rajendra Pachauri
--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
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