Re: [問題] 汽油品質問題?

[marathons (越野滑雪比較不會摔)]

※ 引述《dragonsky (ds)》之銘言：
: 推 marathons:在L.A.有各公司煉油廠,在其他大都會不見得有那麼齊全的   01/20 17:09
: → marathons:各公司煉油廠,汽油來源就是聯邦能源部的管線與供油站.    01/20 17:10
: → marathons:http://tinyurl.com/2rguwn  這是DOE官網各地煉油廠資料  01/20 17:23
: → marathons:喬治亞州僅一個煉油廠,夏威夷兩個,知名加油站卻超過3種.  01/20 17:29
: → marathons:NY州與新英格蘭6個州,完全沒煉油廠,也有多家知名加油站.  01/20 17:37
: 汽油運輸的方式有數種，包括油輪、輸油管、運油車，所以夏威夷用的油
: 不一定要在夏威夷練，我想這是很容易理解的。其次輸油管運輸的並不僅
: 僅只是汽油，包括家庭燃料油、飛機燃料、柴油、潤滑油、肥料的原料、
: 化學、藥物等，輸油管把這些傳輸到分配中心。而這些輸油管運輸是按
: Batches，利用hydraulics的物理原理，分批處理，避免污染或混合到其
: 他原料。
: 所以過程是油輪將原油運入後，透過輸油管運到煉油廠，煉油廠將原油煉
: 成汽油或其他中間產品，如塑膠、化學、藥物原料，其中部分再利用輸油
: 管運到分配中心，所以儘管共用輸油管，並不代表說各家的汽油都是混用
: 的，大公司也會有自己的輸油管如Chevron或Shell都有自己的輸油管路系
: 統。

這是聯邦能源部的官方網站，請自己好好閱讀清楚。

http://www.eia.doe.gov/bookshelf/brochures/gasoline/index.html

- From Refinery to Consumer
After crude oil is refined into gasoline and other petroleum
products, the products must be distributed to consumers. The
majority of gasoline is shipped first by pipeline to storage
terminals near consuming areas and then loaded into trucks for
delivery to individual gas stations.

- Gasoline Is Sent Through Shared Pipelines Where Commingling Occurs
Gasoline and other products are sent through shared pipelines
in “batches.” Since these batches are not physically separated
in the pipeline, some mixing or “commingling” of products occurs.
This mixing is why the quality of the gasoline and other products
must be tested as they enter and leave the pipeline to make sure
they meet appropriate specifications.

Whenever the product fails to meet local, State, or Federal
product specifications, it must be removed and trucked back
to a refinery for further processing.

- Can I Tell Which Country or State the Gasoline at My
Local Station Comes From?
The Energy Information Administration (EIA) cannot definitively
say where gasoline at a given station originated since EIA does
not collect data on the source of the gasoline sold at retail
outlets. The name on the service station sign does not tell the
whole story. The fact that you purchase gasoline from a given
company does not necessarily mean that the gasoline was actually
produced by that particular company’s refineries.

- Gasoline Brands Get Mixed During Shipment
While gasoline is sold at about 162,000 retail outlets across
the Nation, about one-third of these stations are "unbranded"
dealers that may sell gasoline of any brand. The remainder of
the outlets are "branded" stations, but may not necessarily be
selling gasoline produced at that company’s refineries. This
mixing of brands occurs because gasoline from different
refineries is often combined for shipment by pipeline, and
companies owning service stations in the same area may be
purchasing gasoline at the same bulk terminal.

The only difference between the gasoline at station X and the
gasoline at station Y may be the small amount of additives that
those companies add to the gasoline before it gets to the pump.

- Crude Oil also Gets Mixed at the Refinery
Even if we knew which company’s refinery produced the gasoline,
the source of the crude oil used at that refinery may vary on a
day-to-day basis. Most refiners use a mix of crude oils from
various domestic and foreign sources. The mix of crude oils can
change based on the relative cost and availability of crude oil
from different sources.


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→ marathons:既然認為雅虎知識沒公信力,所以特地找美國聯邦政府官網.
→ showind:所以油商買油後不能加東西進去?? 那說有特別秘方的就是呼
→ showind:弄我的感情了XD....
推 SeaSprite:樓上 可以呀 倒數第二段有說
推 bimmers0:感覺還蠻合美國大宗貨物與能源商品的商業模式
→ bimmers0:醬說來主要還是看....看進加油站油槽前有沒加啥大力丸嗎?
推 dragonsky:你這資料相當的好，這也是我最初提到有沒有甚麼客觀資料
→ dragonsky:的原因，這篇文章提到了混合的可能性，不過今日輸油管可
→ dragonsky:以透過Plugs或稱Pigs來分隔Batches，我覺得在這邊討論頗
→ dragonsky:有意義，不過各大油品公司也有很多自己的輸油管系統，
→ dragonsky:相信你也可查到，這一方面的資料確實一般人都不大清楚。
→ dragonsky:你之前也曾提到「名牌加油站普遍品質較佳,雜牌油站品質
→ dragonsky:不穩,這都是實情.」原句轉載，所以互相討論才有進步。
→ marathons:還要硬凹? 現在該輪到您去找資料來證明您的說法了.
→ marathons:請找資料來證實Chevron/Shell加油站100%來自自家煉油廠,
→ marathons:Shell在全加州僅一座Martinez煉油廠,不值得特地運到L.A.
→ marathons:DOE網站說法雖只說可能,也夠明確告知汽油來源都一樣.
→ marathons:請別再躲在名牌油公司的象牙油庫內相信100%是自家提煉.
→ marathons:也請別再像OCT 2005那次在SF板論點被踢爆還硬凹.