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Instruction: Yuu must answer one of (A) and (B)
one of (C) and (D)
one of (E) and (F)
one of (G) and (H)
and one of (I) and (J).
Make your answers concise.
(A)What kinds of question are "philosophical questions"?
What kinds of question are "not" philosophical questions?
(B)What is a "verbal issue"? Is the following a verbal issue?
"Is communism a religion?"
If so, how would you resolve it?
(C)"Translate" the following argument into Chinese (請條列式的翻譯),
and then evaluate the argument:
Heracleitus is right at that everything is constantly changing,
that nothing ever remains the same. So we should stop talking
about things and talk only about successive momentary states.
Since no two of these successive states are exactly alike(since
everything constantly changes), we should have a different word
for each of them. But language tends to ignore the differences
between these successive states, so it tends to make us guilty
of the same-word-same-thing fallacy.
Therefore language is an imperfect way of dealing with the world.
(D)"Define" the following terminology:
a.definition
b.defining feature
c.universally accompanying feature
d.extension
e.vagueness
f.ambiguity
(E)What is an "ostensive definition"? Discuss some "limitations" to
ostensive definition.
(F)Do you consider the following sentences to be meaningless? Why?
a.Jack smells a color.
b.Jack drew a line that was -2 inches long.
c.在進行投票時,我們的良心坎陷了.
d.There are eleven new ways in which negation negates itself.
e.What happened before time began?
f.道不可言說之,道不可言說之亦不可言說之.
(G)Briefly discuss the three elements(Belief,Truth,and Justification)
traditionally regarded as whatever knowledge should possess.
(H)Discuss three approaches to the question "What is truth?"
(I)Define the following terminology:
strong sense of "know"
weak sense of "know"
validity
soundness
tautology
infinite regress
complex question
(J)Are the Laws of Thoughts conformable or refutable? Why?
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