A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and
is required for the protein's biological activity.
These proteins are commonly enzymes,
and cofactors can be considered "helper molecules" that assist in
biochemical transformations.
Cofactors can also be classified
depending on how tightly they bind to an enzyme,
with loosely-bound cofactors termed coenzymes
and tightly-bound cofactors termed prosthetic groups.
Some sources also limit the use of the term "cofactor" to inorganic
substances.
考古:
An inactive enzyme, without the cofactor is called an apoenzyme,
while the complete enzyme with cofactor is the holoenzyme
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