推 miraclecity :已收至精華區：) 11/12 10:52
課程名稱︰經濟學一
課程性質︰必修兼通識
課程教師︰李顯峰
開課學院：社科院
開課系所︰工管系 生傳系 地理系
考試日期（年月日）︰99年11月8日
考試時限（分鐘）：170分鐘(三節課)
是否需發放獎勵金：是
試題 :
A卷
##請先在答案卷上填上何種卷別
一.選擇題(請選擇正確答案，每小題3分，合計60分)
1.Refer to Figure 1. All else equal, a decrease in the price of the grain fed
to turkeys would cause a move
a.from DA to DB.
b.from DB to DA.
c.from x to y.
d.from y to x.
price ↑ Figure 1
∣ ＼
∣ y
∣＼ ＼
∣ ＼ ＼
∣ ＼ x
∣ ＼ ＼
∣ ＼ ＼
∣ DA DB
—————————→ quantity
2.When consumers face rising gasoline prices, they typically
a.reduce their quantity demanded more in the long run than in the short run.
b.reduce their quantity demanded more in the short run than in the long run.
c.do not reduce their quantity demanded in the short run or the long run.
d.increase their quantity demanded in the short run but reduce their quantity
demanded in the long run.
3.Refer to Figure 2. Which of the following would most likely have caused the
production possibilities frontier to shift outward from A to B?
a.a decrease in unemployment
b.a technological advance in the consumer goods industries
c.a general techological advance
d.an increase in the availability of capital-producing resources
Capital Goods ∣— Figure 2
∣ ＼
∣ A B
∣ ╲
∣ ＼
∣ ﹨
∣ ﹨
∣ ﹨
∣ ∣
——————————— Consumption Goods
4.Firm ∣ Initial Pollution Level ∣ Cost of Reducing Pollution by 1 unit
∣ ∣
A ∣ 90 units ∣$ 20
∣ ∣
B ∣ 100 ∣ 25
∣ ∣
C ∣ 60 ∣ 10
(原題) The government wants to reduce pollution to 120 units, so it gives
each firm 60 tradable pollution permits. What is the total cost of
pollution reduction in this situation?
a. $ 500
b. $ 1000
c. $ 1100
d. $ 1700
(修改) The government wants to reduce pollution by 120 units, so it gives
each firm 40 tradable pollution permits. What is the total cost of
pollution reduction in this situation?(請附上詳細計算過程)
5.To say that a price ceilig is binding is to say that the price ceiling
a.results in a surplus
b.is set above the equilibrium price.
c.causes quantity demanded to exceed quantity supplied.
d.All of the above are correct.
6.Refer to Figure 3. If the government imposes a price floor of $120 in this
market, then consumer surplus will decrease by
a.$75
b.$125
c.$225
d.$300
price ↑
∣demand supply D(5,120),S(5,70)
∣＼ ╱ 交點 (10,90)
∣ ＼ ╱
∣ ＼ ╱
∣ ＼
∣ ╱ ＼
∣ ╱ ＼
∣╱ ＼
—————————→ quantity Figure 3
7.Consider a good to which a per-unit tax applies. The greater the price
elasticities of demand and supply for the good, the
a.smaller the deadweight loss from the tax.
b.greater the deadweight loss from the tax.
c.more efficient is the tax.
d.more equitable is the distribution of the tax burden between buyers and
sellers.
8.David walks Carolyn's dog once a day for $50 per week. Carolyn values this
service at $60 per week, while the opportunity cost of David's time is $30
per week. The government places a tax of $35 per week on dog walkers.
Before the tax, what is the total surplus?
a.$60
b.$50
c.$30
d.$25
9.Refer to Figure 4. If the market is currently producing at Q4, then total
economic well-being would be maxmized if output
a.decreased to Q1.
b.decreased to Q2.
c.decreased to Q3.
d.stay at Q4.
Figure 4 price ↑ social cost
左邊為Q1 ∣＼ ／ supply (private cost)
SC和D的交點為Q2 ∣ ＼／ ／
PC和D的交點為Q3 ∣ ／＼ ／
右邊為Q4 ∣／ ＼
∣ ／ ＼
∣ ／ ＼
∣／ ＼
∣ ＼demand
—————————→ quantity
10.Suppose there is an earthquake that destroys several corn canneries.Which
of the following would not be a direct result of this event?
a.Sellers would not be able to produce and sell as much as before at each
relevant price.
b.The supply would decrease.
c.Buyers would not be willing to buy as much as before at each relevant price.
d.The equilibrium price would rise.
11.If corn farmers know that the demand for the corn is inelastic, and they
want to increase total revenue, they should all
a.plant more corn so that they would be able to sell more each year.
b.increase spending on fertilizer in an attempt to produce more corn on the
acres they farm.
c.reduce the number of acres they plant in corn.
d.contribute to a fund that promotes technological advances in corn
production.
12.Refer to Figure 5. Suppose Bob is willing to trade 6 burritos to Enid for
each 10 tacos that Enid produces and sends to Bob. Which of the following
combinations of tacos and burritos could Enid then consume, assuming Enid
specializes in taco production and Bob specializes in burrito production?
a.100 tacos and 200 burritos
b.200 tacos and 130 burritos
c.300 tacos and 60 burritos
d.340 tacos and 40 burritos
Figure 5
Bob's production Enid's production
possibilities frontier possibilities frontier
burritos↑ burritos↑
300∣ ∣
∣＼ ∣
∣ ＼ 200∣
∣ ＼ ∣＼
∣ ＼ ∣ ＼
∣ ＼ ∣ ＼
∣ ＼ ∣ ＼
∣ ＼ ∣ ＼
—————————→ tacos ——————————→ tacos
400 400
13.Refer to Figure 5. Bob should specialize in the production of
a.tacos and Enid should specialize in the production of burritos.
b.burritos and Enid should specialize in the production of tacos.
c.both goods and Enid should specialize in the production of neither goods.
d.neither goods and Enid should specialize in the production of both goods.
14.Refer to Figure 6 Without trade, consumer surplus is
a.$100 and producer surplus is $50
b.$100 and producer surplus is $200
c.$400 and producer surplus is $50
d.$400 and producer surplus is $200
15.Refer to Figure 6 With free trade, consumer surplus is
a.$100 and producer surplus is $50
b.$100 and producer surplus is $200
c.$400 and producer surplus is $50
d.$400 and producer surplus is $200
Figure 6 price↑ domestic supply
DS和WP交點(5,20) ∣╲ ／
DS和WP+T交點(7,28) ∣ ╲ ／
DS和DD交點(10,40) ∣ ╲ ／
DD和WP+T交點(16,28)∣ ╲／
DD和WP交點(20,20) ∣ ／╲
∣——／——╲————world price + tariff
∣—／————╲———world price
∣／ ╲ domestic demand
——————————→ quantity
16.Nedative externalities occur when one person's actions
a.cause another person to lose money in a stock market transaction.
b.cause his or her employer to lose business.
c.cause his or her preference for foreign-produced goods.
d.adversely affect the well-being of a bystander who is not party of the
action.
17.Refer to Figure 7. If supply curve is S and the demand curve shifts from D
to D', what is the change in producer surplus?
a.Producer surplus increases by $3125.
b.Producer surplus increases by $5625.
c.Producer surplus decreases by $3125.
d.Producer surplus decreases by $5625.
Figure 7 price↑ S' S
300∣ ＼ ／ ／
200∣ ＼ ／ ／
∣＼ ＼ ／
150∣ ＼／ ＼／
∣ ／＼ ／＼
100∣／ ＼ ＼
∣ ／ ＼ ＼
∣ ／ ＼ ＼
∣／ ＼D ＼D'
———————————→ quantity
25 50 75 100 150
18.Which of the following statements about the effects of rent control is
correct?
a.The short-run effect of rent control is a surplus of apartments, and the
long-run effect of rent control is a shortage of apartments.
b.The short-run effect of rent control is a relatively small shortage of
apartments, and the long-run effect of rent control is a larger shortage of
apartments.
c.In the long-run, rent control leads to a shortage of apartments and an
improvement in the quality of available apartments.
d.The effect of rent control are very noticeable to the public in the
short-run because the primary effects of rent control occur very quickly.
19.Suppose buyers of liquor are required to send $1.00 to the government for
every bottle of liquor they buy. Further, suppose this tax causes the
effective price received by sellers of liquor to fall by $0.60 per bottle.
Which of the following statements is correct?
a.This tax causes the supply curve for liquor to shift upward by $1.00 at each
quantity of liquor.
b.The price paid by buyers is $0.40 per bottle mor than it was before the tax.
c.Sixty percent of the burden of the tax falls on buyers.
d.All of the above are correct.
20.Sellers of a product will bear the larger part of the tax burden, and
buyers bear a smaller part of the tax burden, when the
a.tax is placed on the sellers of the product.
b.tax is placed on the buyers of the product.
c.supply of the product is more elastic than the demand for the product.
d.demand for the product is more elastic than the supply of the product.
二.計算申論題：計三大題，合計40分。(只列出(正確)答案，但未附上計算過程說明文字
者不予計分)
1.(5%)Expreso牌咖啡機的市場需求方程式為Q=10-P/2, Q是數量，P是單位價格。若目前
市場上單位售價是8元，該公司企畫部擬定降價策略以促銷咖啡機，提高銷售收入。
當其它條件不變時，妳(你)是否會支持該降價促銷的策略？理由為何？
2.(10%)依據2010年10月25日報導，財政部為了防範營建公司買入空地而閒置(成為養地)
，有炒作地價高漲的可能性，擬復徵空地稅。試問：
(1)在短期內，對素地（raw or unimproved land）課徵高額土地稅，請繪圖說明是否
會扭曲土地資源的配置效率?地主或租用人(買方)將負擔稅負(tax burden)?
(2)上述課徵土地稅所發生的社會福利無謂損失(deadweight loss)為何?
(3)19世紀時，Henry George主張政府對土地課徵重稅，其主張是否還能適用於目前還
能適用於目前各縣市對土地(不動產real estate)的課稅情形?(即：客觀情勢是否
相同?)
3.(25%)合台化工廠生產的化學品的市場供給及需求方程式分別是：
需求曲線 Qd=100-5P
供給曲線 Qs=5P-10
上列式中Q是單位數，P是單位價格。試求：
(1)繪出化學品的供需曲線圖，並求算其均衡量Q0及定價P0、消費者剩餘CS0、生產者剩
餘PS0、社會剩餘SS0
(2)生產一單位化學品將排放出4單位的汙染物，每一單位汙染物造成社會成本$1。
試求試場均衡時的總污染成本PC1，又扣除汙染成本後的社會剩餘SS1。
(3)若完全禁止生產該化學品，將提高或減少社會剩餘？
(4)若政府規定只准排放120單位的污染量，請會出供給與需求曲線圖，並求算其消費者
剩餘CS2、生產者剩餘PS2、總汙染成本PC2、社會剩餘SS2。
(5)如果政府改為對該化學品每單位課徵稅款$4而不禁止生產，試求其新均衡量Q3及定
價P3、消費者剩餘CS3、生產者剩餘PS3、政府稅收TR、社會剩餘SS3。社會剩餘將
增加或減少?是否為一項適當的政策措施?
(6)若每一單位汙染物造成社會成本高於$1，例如提高為$2.3，試問較適當的政策是禁
止生產或課稅?(請以社會剩餘的變動回答)
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