[轉錄][情報] 本週普化有習題作業

[jasonfghx (工人)]

※ [本文轉錄自 NTUCH-101 看板]

作者: sodia (~茶~) 看板: NTUCH-101
標題: [情報] 本週普化有習題作業
時間: Mon Mar 23 17:24:56 2009

本週普化有習題作業喔!!!

Ch13: (11)(13)(18)(19)(22).

一樣是在本週五(3/27) pm5:00以前繳交。

ps.老師太晚告訴我了=_=
   請看到的同學幫忙轉告一下。
HCl
Properties:  Fumes in air. May be colored yellow by traces of iron, chlorine,
and organic matter. Reagent grade concd hydro chloric acid contains close to
38.0% HCl. 83 ml of concd HCl poured into sufficient water to make 1 liter
yields approx 1.0 N HCl. The pH of 1.0 N HCl is 0.10; of 0.1 N = 1.10; of
0.01 N = 2.02; of 0.001 N = 3.02; of 0.0001 N = 4.01. n D 18 (1.0 N soln)
1.34168 . d 4 15 1.05 (10.17% w/w soln); 1.10 (20%); 1.15 (29.57%); 1.20
(39.11%) . Freezing pt: minus17.14degrees (10.81% soln); minus62.25degrees
(20.69%); minus46.2degrees (31.24%); minus25.4degrees (39.17%), Gmelin prime
s, Chlorine (8th ed.) 6, 136-137 (1927). Constant boiling azeotrope with
water bp 760 108.58degrees contg 20.22% HCl , d 4 15 1.096 . Boiling weaker
or stronger aq solns results in loss of either component until the constant
boiling acid is obtained.
Note:  Caution: Corrosive burns may result from the inhalation of acid fumes
and from skin contact with or the ingestion of strong acid. Symptoms after
ingestion or skin contact include immediate pain and ulceration of all
membranes and tissues which come in contact with the acid. Ingestion may be
associated with nausea, vomiting and intense thirst; cor rosion of the
stomach may lead within a few hours or a few days to gastric perforation and
peritonitis. Late esophageal, gastric and pyloric strictures and stenoses
should be antici pated. Contact of conc acid with the eye can cause extensive
necrosis of the conjunctiva and corneal epithelium, resulting in perforation
or opaque scarring. Chemical pneu monitis can be expected after respiratory
exposure to acid vapors or after tracheobronchial aspiration of ingested
acid. Death may occur due to complications such as circulatory shock,
asphyxia due to glottic or laryngeal edema, perforation of the stomach with
peritonitis, gastic hemorrhage, infection or anition due to stricture
formation. See Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Compounds, R. E. Gosselin et
al., Eds. (Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984) Section III, pp
8-11.
Hno3
Properties:  Colorless liq. Fumes in moist air. Characteristic choking odor.
d 4 25 1.50269 . mp minus41.59degrees . Monohydrate, mp minus37.68degrees .
Trihydrate, mp minus18.47degrees . Heat of fusion: 2.503 kcal/mole. Heat of
infinite dilution (298.1degreesK): minus7971 cal/mole. bp 760 83degrees .
With water it forms a negative azeo trope (min vapor press. max bp),
so-called constant boiling acid at 68% HNO 3 , bp 120.5degrees , d 4 20 1.41
. The oxide-free acid, diluted with an equal vol of water, does not discolor
drops of 0.1 N KMnO 4 . Colorless 100% acid cannot be stored in the presence
of light without formation of NO 2 which produces the discoloration. Stains
woolen fabrics and animal tissue a bright yellow. In the presence of traces
of oxides it attacks all base metals except Al and special Cr steels which
become passivated. Strong, monobasic acid. Oxidizing agent. Reacts violently
with alcohol, turpentine, charcoal, organic refuse. Nitric acid concentrated
is a water soln contg 70-71% HNO 3 . Density of aq solns: d 4 20 1.0036 (1%
HNO 3 w/w); 1.0543 (10%); 1.1150 (20%); 1.1800 (30%); 1.2463 (40%); 1.3100
(50%); 1.3667 (60%); 1.4134 (70%); 1.4521 (80%); 1.4826 (90%); 1.5129 (100%):
International Critical Tables III , 58 (1928). See also Nitric Acid, Fuming.
Density: d 4 25 1.50269; d 4 20 1.41; d 4 20 1.0036 (1% HNO 3 w/w); 1.0543
(10%); 1.1150 (20%); 1.1800 (30%); 1.2463 (40%); 1.3100 (50%); 1.3667 (60%);
1.4134 (70%); 1.4521 (80%); 1.4826 (90%); 1.5129 (100%): International
Critical Tables III Boiling point: bp 760 83degrees; bp 120.5 Melting Point:
minus41.59degrees; mp minus37.68degrees; mp minus18.47 Note:  Caution:
Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes, mucous membranes
and skin; delayed pulmo nary edema, pneumonitis and bronchitis; dental
erosion. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/ NIOSH 90-117,
1990) p 160. See also Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Compounds, R. E.
Gosselin et al., Eds. (Wil liams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984)
Section III, pp 8 -11.
Haucl4
Properties: golden-yellow to reddish-yellow, very hy groscopic and deliquesc
monoclinic crystals; readily affected by sunlight. (Also available as brown
crystals or cryst masses, contg 50-51% gold, and having the same properties
as the yellow crystals.) Has caustic action on the skin (blis ters) and then
on exposure to light leaves violet-brown spots. Dec on strong heating to Cl 2
, HCl, and metallic gold. d about 3.9 . Very sol in water, alcohol; sol in
ether. Keep tightly closed and protected from light.
Na3c6h5o7
Properties: white, odorless crystals, granules or powder; cool, saline taste.
Stable in air; becomes anhydrous at 150degrees. Sol in 1.3 parts water, 0.6
part boiling water. Insol in alcohol. The aq soln is slightly alkaline to
litmus. pH about 8. LD 50 i.p. in rats: 6.0 mmoles/kg (Gruber, Halbeisen) .
Nacl
Properties:  Cubic, white crystals, granules, or powder; colorless and
transparent or translucent when in large crystals. d 2.17 . The salt of
commerce usually contains some calcium and magnesium chlorides which absorb
moisture and make it cake. mp 804degrees and begins to volatilize at a little
above this temp. One gram dissolves in 2.8 ml water at 25degrees, in 2.6 ml
boiling water, in 10 ml glycerol; very slightly sol in alcohol. Its soly in
water is decreased by HCl. Almost insol in concd HCl. Its aq soln is neutral.
pH: 6.7-7.3. d of satd aq soln at 25degrees is 1.202 . A 23% aq soln of
sodium chloride freezes at minus20.5degreesC (5degreesF). LD 50 orally in
rats: 3.75 plus or minus0.43 g/kg (Boyd, Shanas) .

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