Evolution of vascular plants
Embryophytes
Monophyletic lineage
Coleochaete- or Chara-like
Alternation of heteromorphic generations
Vascular plants have sporophytes that are larger than the gametophytes and
ultimately free-living
The ability to synthesize lignin
Branch profusely through the activity of apical meristems located at the tips
of stems and branches
The branches sporophytes of vascular plants produce multiple sporangia
More highly differentiated plant body: roots, stems and leaves
Gametophytic generation: reduction in size and gradually became more proteced
and nutritionally dependent upon the spt.
Most seedless vascular plants are free-living, and water is required in the
envir. For their motile sperm to swim to the eggs
Early vascular plants: dichotomously branched axes, lacked roots and laves
Root system
Shoot system
The different kinds of cells of the plant body are organized into tissue
Tissue systems
Dermal, vascular, ground tissue system
Primary growth involves the extension of roots and stems, and secondary growth
increase their thickness
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