世界通史考題
一至四題(各25分)擇其三，第五題(30分)必答，第六題自由選答。
一、希臘哲學思想發展的趨勢為何？
二、從希臘、希臘化、至羅馬時代，藝術發展的趨勢為何？
三、希臘、希臘化、羅馬三個文明的現代性(modernity)表現如何？
四、Judaism與Christianity信仰的異同為何？此種異同具有什麼歷史意義、重要性、
或影響？
五、*請將下文中譯，然後加以補充和申論(四選三)。
1.Protagoras’dictum,"Man is the measure of all things," meant that goodness,
truth and justice are relative to the needs and interests of man. Sense
perception being the only source of knowledge, there can be only particular
truths valid for the individual knower. Such teachings could be progressive and
liberating or corrosive of social cohesion.....
2.Hellenistic religion tended to offer vehicles of escape from collective
political commitment. Although Greek religion had emphasized the worship of
gods associated with given cities to advance the fortunes of those cities,
such civic-oriented worship now lost its vitality. Its place was taken for many
of society’s leaders by the philosophies of Stoicism,Epicureanism,and
Skepticism.
3.The father of the law of nature as a legal principle was not one of the
Hellenistic Stoics,but Cicero. "True law,"he declared,"is right reason
consonant with nature,diffused among all men,constant,eternal. To make
enactments infring this law,religion forbids,neither may it be repealed even
ni part,nor have we power through Senate or people to free ourselves from it."
4.In the end of the Book of Job no solution for the problem of individual
suffering is given. No promise is made of recompense in a life hereafter,nor
does God make the philosophic reflection that God in the pursuit of His sublime
purposes cannot really be limited by standards of equity and goodness.
六、自問自答(視情況給分)。
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