He was an example of positive interdependence. In the Middle East, I
have watched, when I was a president, as we had seven years of progress
for peace. Then I watched four years of disintegration. In the four
years of conflict, more than four times as many Israelis were killed by
terrorists in the entire eight years I was president. But in the bad
years, the Israelis and Palestinians were no less interdependent than
they were in the good years. It just shifted from positive
interdependence to negative interdependence. As you might imagine, even
though I’m not president any more, I watched the events in China and
in Taiwan and the relationship between the two very closely. There was
an amazing article in the British magazine, the Economist, a couple of
weeks ago pointing out the explosively increasing economic ties between
the two, saying that more than ten million people on mainland China now
work for companies owned by Taiwanese people. I noted that there have
been some direct air flights recently. So I see continuing negative
tension over political differences and positive economic and personal
contact.
: 他是一個正面國際互賴的例子。在我的總統任內，我們目睹了中東七年的和平
: 進展，然而之後的四年，取代的則是分崩離析的衝突景象。四年的衝突中，被
: 恐怖份子所殺害的以色列人之數目，超過了我八年總統任期內的四倍之多。但
: 在衝突激烈的幾年內，以色列及巴勒斯坦人的互賴並沒有比和平時為低。只不
: 過二者從正面的互賴，轉變成負面的互賴。如您所想像，儘管我已經不再身為
: 總統，我依然密切關注著中國與臺灣及其雙邊關係的發展。數週前的英國經濟
: 學人雜誌，有一篇令人驚異的文章，指出了兩岸間經濟往來爆炸性的增加，也
: 提到目前在中國大陸有超過千萬的中國人民，在臺灣人所經營的公司上班。我
: 也注意到最近兩岸間有直航客機的往來。因此我觀察到，在政治差異的面向上
: ，臺海兩岸有持續性的負面緊張，而在經濟與個人面向上，則有正面的接觸。
What does all this tell us about the world we are living in? We can not
escape each other. China and Taiwan, the Israelis and Palestinians, the
Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland, the different ethnic
groups in Bosnia, in Kosovo, the Tamils and the Buddhists in Sri Lanka,
the Muslims, the Acheh separatists, and the main government in Thailand
and in Indonesia. All these things we are seeing, positive or
negative, going on in the world remind us we can not escape each other.
Therefore I believe that the great challenge of the 21st century is
to move from an interdependent but unstable world to more integrated
communities in which we share. We share responsibilities. We share
benefits and we share basic values. Every person matters and there is
a chance. Every person has a responsible role to fill in this society.
Competition is good but we all do better when we work together. Our
differences are important. They make life interesting and they matter
but our common humanity matters more.
: 這一切告訴了我們什麼？答案是，在這個世界上，我們無法脫離其他人而生存
: 。中國與臺灣、以色列人及巴勒斯坦人、北愛爾蘭的天主教徒及新教徒、科索
: 沃及波士尼亞的不同族群、斯里蘭卡的塔米爾族及佛教徒、泰國的伊斯蘭教徒
: 和印尼亞齊省的分離份子，他們與兩國的主要政府的關係。所有我們所目睹的
: 這些在國際間發生的事情，不論是正面或負面，都在在提醒我們：我們無法離
: 開他人而存在。因此我相信，21世紀的重大挑戰在於，從一個互賴但不穩定的
: 世界，進展到一個我們能共同分享的更緊密結合的全球社群。我們分享責任、
: 利益，也共享基本價值觀。每個人都是重要的，也都擁有機會。每個人在社會
: 中都須扮演一個負責任的角色。競爭是好的，但經由合作我們可以做得更好。
: 我們之間的差異是重要的，那會使我們的生活更有趣；然而差異絕對不比人類
: 價值的共同性更為重要。
How can we move from an interdependent to an integrated world? I will
suggest five things. First of all, we must fight the enemies of
integrated communities. We must reduce terror and war and the threat of
weapons of mass destruction. Second, we must build the world with more
partners and fewer enemies by bringing the benefits of globalization to
the fifty percent of human beings on the earth who have not received
them.
: 我們該如何從一個互賴的世界（interdependent world），進展到一個更為整
: 合的世界（integrated world）？我提出五項建議。首先，我們必須抵抗那些
: 與整合社會為敵的人，我們必須減少恐怖主義、戰爭、以及大規模毀滅武器（
: WMD）的威脅。第二，我們應該藉由將全球化的利益帶給地球上另一半尚未因
: 全球化而受益的人們，在世界上建立更多的夥伴而非更多的敵人。
I was driving through the streets of Taipei on the way to the speech
tonight, thinking about the very first time that I came here more than
twenty-five years ago; thinking about how the city had changed;
thinking about how a small number of people have built almost three
hundred billion dollars in cash reserves and companies that sustained
the globe and a vibrant, political and educational as well as economic
system. And it was almost impossible to remember that tonight, half the
world's people live on two dollars a day or less. A billion people live
on less than a dollar a day. A billion people would go to bed hungry
tonight. One in four people have no access to clean water. One in 4
people who die on earth all over the world this year from all causes
natural and manmade will die of Aids, TB, malaria and infections related
to diarrhea. Most of them are little children who never got a clean
glass of water. Ten million children die every year of completely
preventable childhood diseases. 130 million children on earth never go
to school a single day.
: 當我今晚在臺北街道上，驅車前往演講會場的途中，我回想著超過25年前我初
: 次來訪的那些經驗，想著這個城市是如何地改變，想著臺灣為數不多的人口，
: 卻創造了高達三千億的外匯存底，以及足以支撐世界經濟的公司，以及充滿活
: 力的政治、教育、及經濟體制。這幾乎讓人難以聯想，此時全世界有超過一半
: 的人民，每天的生活支出不到兩塊美金；有上億人民今晚入睡時是餓著肚子的
: ；地球上有四分之一的人民沒有乾淨的水源，四分之一的人民在今年將死於各
: 種天然及人為的災害，他們會死於愛滋病、肺結核、瘧疾，以及痢疾所引起的
: 感染。這些人大部分都是兒童，而他們終其一生從未喝過一杯乾淨的水。數以
: 千萬的孩童每年死於完全可以避免的兒童疾病。更有一億三千萬的孩子從未上
: 過學。
We must bring them into the system that has been so good for you, for
all of Asia, for the United States. There are lots of things we can do.
We know it wouldn't cost much money to put all the children in the world
in school and would have the benefit of taking them out of the jobs that
their parents could then fill. We know we could speed economic
development of many poor nations if we also combat the challenge of
global warming and develop a whole new energy economy based on solar
energy, wind energy, energy conservation technologies and other energy
options that are out there now. There is a one-trillion-dollar untapped
market in clean energy and energy conservation technologies waiting to
be born that would have the corollary benefits of making it easier for
very poor countries to develop economically much more quickly.
: 我們必須將他們帶到這個體系內，這個對你們、對整個亞洲、對美國有如此助
: 益的體系。有許多是我們可以做的。我們知道將全世界的孩童送進學校並不會
: 花費太多錢，而那也可以使他們在未來不需要從事他們的父母輩所曾經從事的
: 苦力工作。我們知道我們可以在對抗全球暖化的同時加速許多貧窮國家的經濟
: 發展，我們可以發展出一套奠基於太陽能、風力、能源保存技術，及其他我們
: 目前已知能源選擇的全新能源經濟。有高達一兆的乾淨能源及能源保存技術的
: 市場等待開發，這將可以使那些極度貧窮的國家，在經濟上的發展更為快速。
The third thing we have to do is to build institutions of sharing and
cooperation at every level. The strength in the global ones like the
United Nations, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, is to
support regional cooperation through things like the European Union or
APEC or ASEAN or any number of other regional groups that are forming
around the world, and to support national cooperation by helping the
new democracies, not simply to have honest elections but to have
honest governments that are also capable governments, and here is what
I think your foundation could make a big difference.
: 第三件我們該做的事情，是在各個層級建立分享及合作的機構。全球性的國際
: 機構，如聯合國、世界銀行，以及國際貨幣基金（IMF）等，可以透過如歐洲
: 聯盟（EU）、亞太經濟合作會（APEC）、東南亞國協（ASEAN）或其他正在全
: 球形成的區域性組織，將其力量用來支持區域的合作；也可經由幫助新興民主
: 國家不只進行誠實的選舉，且要有誠實且具有治理能力的政府，來支持國家間
: 的合作。以下是我認為臺灣民主基金會可以有重大貢獻的地方。
I spent a lot of time to date working in the former Soviet Union. I'm
going in the two countries with my eighth project or the Caribbean,
which is relatively poor, which has a big Aids problem right on the
America's backdoor. I go to Latin America a lot where the per capita
income is very dramatically low, and I work in Africa where most of
the countries with big Aids problems also have income of less than a
dollar a day.
: 至今我已花了許多時間關注前蘇維埃聯邦的共和國，我將至其中兩個國家推展
: 我的第八個計畫。還有加勒比海國家，他們在地理上就在美國的後門，但相對
: 上仍非常貧窮，也有嚴重的愛滋病問題。我常前往拉丁美洲，那裡的每人國民
: 所得驚人地低。我也關注非洲，那裡大部分的國家有嚴重的愛滋病問題，且他
: 們每天的平均收入不到一塊美金。
In the places where I go, there is always an elected president who won
a fair election but very often these presidents who won fair elections
can sit in their offices and issue orders and nothing happens. Very
often newly elected parliaments like you, Mr. Speaker, they pass laws
but nothing happens because they don't have the organized institutions
that carry out the laws are the executive officers, orders of the
President or the Prime Minister. They do not have the institutional
capacity to translate the benefits of human freedom expressed in
elections into the lives of the people who are voted and this is one
of the most ignored problem in the twenty-first century world and so
I have decided to spend quite a bit of the rest of my life, trying to
figure out how to do this work. It never grabs the headlines. It's not
so interesting figuring out how to pass transparent legislation or a
property right legislation or build the bureaucracy for this or that
or the other department. But unless you have a government that
functions, people lose faith in democracy.
: 在這些我前往的國家裡，總是會有一個贏得了公平選舉的民選總統。但常常發
: 生的情況是，這些贏得公平選舉的總統，可以坐在辦公室裡發號施令，卻沒有
: 任何事情會真的實現。經常會有剛剛通過改選的國會，通過了新的法律但卻沒
: 有任何事情實現。因為他們缺乏有組織的機構來貫徹這些法律及總統與首相的
: 命令。他們的行政體系沒有制度性的能力，來把那些表現在選舉中的人類自由
: 的益處，轉化到那些投下選票的人民身上。這是其中一個在21世紀被嚴重忽略
: 的問題，因此我決定在我未來的人生中，花大量的時間來努力思考如何解決這
: 個問題。這個問題從未成為頭條新聞，它也不如解決如何通過透明立法、財產
: 權法案，或為某個部門建立行政組織來得有趣，但除非你擁有一個能運作的政
: 府，否則人民會對民主失去信心。
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