Re: [轉錄][轉錄]柯林頓訪臺演講稿(續)

[gute (good~ ￾  ￾ )]

I belong to a group of former heads of government and heads of state
called the Club of Madrid. And a couple of years ago, we had a meeting
and we weren't sure many people would come and basically it was about
building the effectiveness of democratic government. It wasn’t an
inflammatory topic. It wasn't a controversial topic. We were mobbed by
leaders of governments of these new democracies who came to us honestly
saying that there were people who have lived under repression for so
long, so these people want an election and they couldn't get anything
done for them because they had no institutional capacity to advance the
public interest. So it's something that I think maybe you should look
at because your powers of organization in delivery are legendary as you
know.
: 我隸屬一個由國家前首領及現任首領所共同組成的「馬德里社」（Club of
: Madrid），幾年前，我們舉辦一個會議時，當時並不確定有多少人會參加，基
: 本上，這個會議是有關建立民主政府的效率。這並不是一個煽動性的題目，也
: 不是一個爭議性的題目，我們被一大群新興民主國家的政府領導人包圍，他們
: 誠摯地向我們表示仍有人經歷過長期迫害，所以這些人渴望能有選舉，然而他
: 們無法做到什麼，因為他們沒有這種機制來推展公共利益之議題。所以這是一
: 件我認為貴基金會或許應該重視的事情，因為你們的組織所擁有的實踐力是令
: 人稱道的。

Finally, I think we have to strengthen the strength of this
nongovernmental organization movement around the world. You mentioned
that I was working in Tsunami-affected areas. One of the most
interesting things about my new job is that I have to coordinate all
the work being done by the home governments, the international
organizations, the national agencies that are helping like USAID and
hundreds of NGOs, literally hundreds of them from all over the world.
But this is a good thing. So we have to reduce the threats to
interdependence, make the world with more partners and fewer enemies,
increase institutional cooperation.
: 最後，我想我們必須強化全球非政府組織運動的力量。主持人提到我現在從事
: 海嘯災區的工作，一件有關我的工作之最有趣的事是我必須統籌所有由災區政
: 府、國際組織、國家援助機構如美國國際發展援助總署（USAID），以及數以
: 百計來自全球的非政府組織等機構，所正在進行的救援工作。當然，有這麼多
: 的機構在從事救援，是一件好事。我們必須減低國際互賴所帶來的威脅，讓這
: 個世界有更多夥伴、更少敵人，增加各機構彼此之間的合作。

The fourth thing that we need to do is to look for concrete ways to
cooperate. In your introduction to me, you mentioned that I had
reminded every one that I wanted a peaceful resolution to the
differences between China and Taiwan agreed to by the people on both
sides of the strait. Every time a new factory opens, a new investment
is made, a new person gets a job, some new hope is bound in the life
of some person who didn't have a job or didn't own the business
before. You move closer to a peaceful resolution and further from
conflicts.
: 第四件我們需要做的事是，尋找合作的具體方法。在剛剛對我的介紹中，主持
: 人提到我曾經提醒大家，我希望看到一個能夠處理中國及臺灣之間歧異的和平
: 解決方案，一個臺灣海峽兩岸人民都能夠同意的方案。每當一個新的工廠開張
: ，一項新的投資開始，一個人得到新的工作，這些以往沒有工作，或自己不曾
: 開業的人，他們的人生就迸發出一些新的希望。當人們有希望的時候，你就離
: 和平解決方案越來越近，而離武力衝突越來越遠。

One of the things I'm trying to do with Tsunami relief is to keep
people working in a positive way. In Indonesia and northern Sumatra,
which had the greatest loss of lives, a staggering one hundred thousand
people have been buried and about one hundred and forty thousand are
still missing. They have had a violent separatist movement, but in the
aftermath of all this human loss and the devastation of the capital of
Acheh and the devastation of all these fishing villages, I went to a
village where six thousand and five hundred people lived and only a
thousand survived. In the aftermath of this, people put their political
differences aside to work on rebuilding the communities, and the
president of Indonesia has set up a committee in which his adversaries,
the people who wanted to separate from the country, are part of the
committee. They are making decisions together about how much would be
spent, together about what would be done first, second, and third. They
have something to look forward to, positive things to work on. I
believe if we can keep this going for the three to five years that it
will take to rebuild these areas, they may find a way to resolve their
differences.
: 我在從事海嘯救災想做的事情之一，是讓人們持續以正面的態度從事其工作。
: 在災情最嚴重的印尼蘇門達臘北部，已經埋葬了十萬名受害者，同時還有十四
: 萬名的失蹤人口。這些地區曾經有過慘烈的分離主義運動。在此次亞奇省首府
: 和所有這些漁村的慘重災情後，我去一個曾經有六千五百名居民的漁村，現在
: 只剩下一千名生還者。經歷這次的災難後，人們將他們的政治歧見擱置一邊，
: 開始著手重建家園。印尼總統設立了一個包括要求獨立的反對人士的委員會，
: 一起決定重建的需要花費，一起決定重建事項的優先順序。他們有一個共同的
: 嚮往，有一些建設性的工作要做。我相信如果我們能這樣的合作程序，在重建
: 工作所需要的未來三至五年裡持續運作，將來政府與分離主義人士可能會找出
: 一個能夠解決過去政治歧見的方案。

The same thing is true on the island of Sri Lanka, off the coast of
India; if those of you who know it, Colombo is basically in the
southwest part of Sri Lanka. The tsunami damage mostly started in the
southern part at a place called Gal. Many of us saw on television a
train, an entire train loaded with people, swept away in the water and
thrown up on the land. The only survivors were people who crawled
through the top of the opening of a train car and clung to the roof of
a building. But the damage then goes on around the eastern coast of
Sri Lanka up to the northern part, and the north of Sri Lanka, twenty
percent or less is controlled by the Hindu Tamils and they have had
differences there that were quite bitter. Thousands and thousands of
people have been killed in their civil strife. For three years they've
had the ceasefire and the killing is on the way down. But no serious
talks have taken place in the last couple of years. Now they are
working together to rebuild the area, making decisions together.
How would the money be spent? How would the aid be handled? What would
be done and in what order? If we can keep that going over the next
three years or so that it will take to rebuild the area perhaps
they'll find a long-term solution to their differences.
: 類似的事情，也發生在印度沿海的斯里蘭卡島。斯里蘭卡的首府可倫坡，大致
: 上是在島的西南部。海嘯的災難最主要開始於南部一個稱為迦爾的地方，我們
: 許多人透過電視畫面，目睹一整列載滿人的火車被海浪掃進海裡又擲回陸地上
: ，少數的生還者，爬出列車車廂的破口並抓住建築物屋頂才倖免於難。災害沿
: 著斯里蘭卡東部的海岸直到北部區域。在斯里蘭卡的北邊，大約百分之二十的
: 區域是由印度塔米爾族所控制，而塔米爾族與斯里蘭卡之間，曾有極為嚴重的
: 對立。數以千計的人民在內戰中喪生。他們已有三年的停火，殺戮也漸漸地減
: 少，但過去幾年間沒有真正嚴肅的對談展開。然而現在他們攜手合作重建這個
: 區域，他們一同作出決定：關於如何使用援助的金額、援助品該如何處理、什
: 麼該做以及做的順序如何？如果我們可以使他們在未來三年，甚至更長的時間
: 裡，都持續這樣合作下去，那麼該區域的重建必然可以完成，甚至他們可以找
: 到對於長期對立的解決之道。

In the Middle East, we have a new hope for peace. A coalition
government have been elected in Israel, new elections have been held
in the Palestinian territories, but the Palestinians have grown larger
and poorer, more numerous and younger in the last twelve years since I
began working on this problem. They need something to do and something
to do with Israelis while they work through political issues. President
Bush has proposed to Congress to give them three hundred and fifty
million dollars in aid. I think it's a good first step for
approximately a billion dollars, which is not a lot of money. We can
restore Palestinian economic growth to where it was before all the
territories were closed and Palestinians couldn't go into Israel to
make a living any more.
: 在中東地區，我們有對於和平的新希望。以色列選出了一個聯合政府、巴勒斯
: 坦區域也展開了新的選舉；但比起十二年前我開始處理以巴問題時，現在巴勒
: 斯坦的人口更多、更貧窮、問題更多，人口也更年輕化。這些年輕人需要一些
: 事情可做，當他們處理政治議題時也需要處理跟以色列人的關係。布希總統已
: 向國會提出三億五千萬的援助提案，但我認為大概十億元左右會是一個好的第
: 一步，畢竟那並不是很大的一筆錢。我們可以重新建立巴勒斯坦的經濟，使之
: 達到其領土被封鎖而無法進入以色列謀生之前的水準。

By contrast, the United States has spent two hundred billion dollars
in Iraq. So for basically half or one percent of that, we can
dramatically increase the chances that the peace initiatives would be
successful by giving people something positive to do, something you
take for granted now that people can have a job, start a business, make
an investment. All those things that have been taken from the
Palestinians, and yet there are no poor Palestinians anywhere in the
world outside their homeland. They control the flower trade in Chile;
they have the highest per capita income in the country of Ecuador,
which had a Palestinian president in my time; and there are lots of
Palestinians in America. They are all either millionaires or college
professors; they are only poor in their homeland. It would make a big
difference if they had something positive to do. As I said, that's
what I'm going to be trying to do in working for Tsunami relief.
: 相對地，美國已經在伊拉克投入兩千億美元，因此只要花百分之一的經費，我
: 們所推動的各項計畫就更有可能成功，因為人們就可以從事許多正面的事物，
: 這些事物都是在座各位已經享有的，包括穩定的工作、創業機會、投資等。巴
: 勒斯坦人失去得太多太多了，但是身居海外的巴勒斯坦人處境並非和留在祖國
: 境內的一樣楚楚可憐，他們控制了智利的花卉貿易，而且是厄瓜多個人所得最
: 高的族群，甚至在我還在白宮時，還有一位巴勒斯坦人擔任總統，而美國境內
: 的巴勒斯坦人也相當多，他們要不是百萬富翁就是大學教授，只有留在巴勒斯
: 坦境內的巴勒斯坦人才面臨到貧窮，如果這些巴勒斯坦人也都有機會接觸到以
: 上這些正面的事物，他們的生活將會大有不同，誠如我之前提到的，我參與的
: 海嘯賑災就是從事這方面的工作。

Let me make one last point. The entire history of humankind since
people first rose up on the African Savannah, somewhere between one
and one hundred and fifty million years ago can be seen in part as a
struggle to define life in terms of our differences or our common
humanity. When families first came out of caves and formed clans, and
then came in contact with other clans, should they fight or cooperate?
Usually, they fought until they found some bases to cooperate on, and
this pattern repeated itself all through human history with wider and
wider and wider circles of cooperation, but also with more, and more
and more dangerous weapons until the twentieth century, when we had
unprecedented cooperation but unprecedented power to kill. We have had
two world wars and atomic bomb was dropped, manslaughters in the
largest countries of the world. We narrowly escaped our own extinction
in the twentieth century even though we knew then far better than in
past centuries we had an interest in cooperating.
: 最後一點。人類自從五千萬至一億年前於非洲大陸崛起以來，整個發展的歷史
: 都在決定，到底應該為共通的人類價值而努力，抑或為歧見、差異而浴血奮戰
: 。原始的人類剛離開山洞，形成各自的家族、進而彼此接觸時，到底會彼此爭
: 鬥還是合作呢？一般來說，他們除非找到合作的基礎，要不然就是不斷地交戰
: 。人類的歷史不斷展開層面更寬廣的合作，但是也製造出愈來愈危險的武器。
: 在二十世紀，人類進行前所未見的合作，也擁有前所未見的屠殺工具。二十世
: 紀發生兩次世界大戰，也使用了原子彈。在許多國家境內還發生種族屠殺。雖
: 然人類在二十世紀比以前更了解合作所能帶來的利益，但也僅是僥倖的逃過滅
: 種的命運。

Now in spite of the threat of terror, in spite of the threat of
weapons of mass destruction, on the whole the world is in a better
place. The cold war is over. No country expects one country to drop a
nuclear weapon on another and start a war that will lead to the
extinction of the planet, and for the first time in all human history,
we have the ability if we can master the wisdom to build a global
system of integrated communities. We don't pretend we don't have
differences. If we did that, all progress would stop because there
will be no debate. The reason democracy has been the most enduring form
of government is that it fosters debate. Those of us who are in it don't
always like it especially when we lose. I have won and lost. I like
winning a lot better than losing. But I'm quite sure that the debates
move us closer to the truth, to a just resolution of a problem or to a
good way of moving forward. Now we have that chance and I think that's
what we ought to do.
: 現在，儘管面臨恐怖威脅、儘管面對大規模毀滅性武器，整體而言，我們的世
: 界比以前更美好。冷戰己經結束。沒有任何國家認為某個國家會以核武攻擊另
: 一個國家，並發動足以造成毀滅世界的戰爭。這是人類有史以來第一次，我們
: 能運用智慧去打造一個整合社群的全球體系（a global system of
: integrated communities）。我們不假裝人和人之間沒有相異之處。如果我們
: 假裝每個人都是一樣的，所有的進步都將停滯，因為再也不需要辯論。民主政
: 體之所以是生存力最強的政體，就是因為民主鼓勵辯論。身處政府體系中的我
: 們不見得喜歡辯論。尤其如果我們辯輸了，就更不喜歡辯論。辯論時，我贏過
: 也輸過。我喜歡贏的滋味遠勝過輸的感受。但我非常相信，辯論可以讓我們更
: 接近真理，更接近解決問題的方案或向前進步的較好方法。我們現在就擁有這
: 樣的機會，所以我相信我們應該要把握這個機會。

But it requires those of us who believe in democracy also to believe
that while our differences are important, our common humanity matters
more and this is very, very hard to do. Gandhi, father of modern India,
was murdered in his 78th year not by a muslim fighting for Kashmiri
separation from India. He was murdered by a fellow Hindu who thought
Gandhi was not a good Hindu because he wanted India for the Muslims,
and the Sikhs, and the Jains, and the Jews and the Christians and
everybody else. On perhaps the darkest personal day of my presidency,
my friend Yitzhak Rabin, the prime minister of Israel, who had given
his entire life defending his native land, was murdered not by a
Palestinian terrorist but by a young Israeli Jew who thought he was
neither a good Israeli nor a good Jew because he wanted the Palestinian
to have the home land where they could raise their children in peace
and security and prosperity and cooperation with Israel, but it
required them to give up the West Bank and share the land in the future.
My friend, the former prime minister of Lebanon, Mr. Hariri, was
murdered a few days ago in a horrible bombing in Beirut that brought
back the dark memories of the civil war of the seventies. Only about a
week to ten days ago, we spent an hour and a half together talking
about his dreams for Lebanon and for a peaceful Middle East. He was
not killed by an Israeli. He was killed certainly by some group of
his fellow Arabs who preferred division and discord and death and
destruction.
: 但是，在我們相信民主的同時，也必須相信雖然我們的相異之處非常重要，我
: 們共通的人性價值更為重要。然而，要人們達成這個認知，是非常非常困難的
: 。現代印度之父甘地，在七十八歲時遭到謀殺。謀殺他的人不是爭取喀什米爾
: 自印度獨立的回教徒，而是他的印度教徒。謀殺他的印度教徒認為甘地不是一
: 個好的印度教徒，因為甘地希望締造一個融合了回教、錫克教、耆那教、猶太
: 教、基督教及各個宗教的印度。我總統任內最黑暗的一天，就是我的摯友拉賓
: 總理遭刺殺的那天。這位前以色列總理終身為以色列奉獻，刺殺他的不是巴勒
: 斯坦恐怖份子，而是一位年輕的猶太人，該名刺客認為拉賓既對不起以色列也
: 對不起猶太教，因為拉賓希望巴勒斯坦可以重建祖國，在和平、安定、繁榮的
: 環境下，養育下一代並和以色列合作。但這麼一來，以免列人就必須放棄約旦
: 河西岸並在未來讓出部份土地。我另外一位好友，黎巴嫩前總理哈里里，幾天
: 前於貝魯特的炸彈攻擊中喪生，讓人聯想起七十年代可怕的內戰。才不過一個
: 禮拜前，我們暢談了一個半小時，提到了他的夢想，希望為黎巴嫩及中東帶來
: 和平。殺害他的並不是以色列人，而是阿拉伯人。這群人要的是分裂、對抗、
: 死亡及破壞。

So it is easy to say but hard to do. One thing I'm sure of and the
progress of Taiwan since I first came here so long ago proves it: the
more people have positive things to do, the more they have something
good to look forward to when they get up in the morning; the less likely
they are to fall in destructive patterns and the more likely they are to
lead their communities, their nations, and the world to a better place.
So I say again I'm glad to be here. I congratulate you on the work of
your Foundation, and I hope through this Foundation you'll find a way
to help people in other countries who love freedom and democracy, but
don't have your prosperity or organizational capacity to get it because
we have to preserve humanity gains until we can move from
interdependence to a truly global community.
Thank you very much.
: 當然，知易行難。不過，我相當確信一點，這一點在臺灣身上可以獲得佐證：
: 人民可以從事的正面事務愈多，起床時有愈多值得期待的事物，他們就愈不可
: 能進行破壞，而且更有可能帶著自己的族群、國家，甚至全世界，創造更美好
: 的明天。我在此重申，我非常高興再度拜訪臺灣，在此恭賀臺灣民主基金會的
: 所有成就，也希望透過基金會的努力，各位也能夠協助其他國家追求自由及民
: 主。這些國家雖然熱愛民主及自由，但卻沒有各位所享有的繁榮經濟以及完善
: 的制度可以圓夢。臺灣要幫助他們，因為我們必須要維護共通的人性價值，才
: 能夠從目前僅止於「互賴」的全球體系，邁向一個真正的全球社群。
: 謝謝大家。

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