推 hanabiz:推一下 02/26 22:21
推 HDT:推推 02/26 22:33
愛因斯坦年輕時 在專利局工作了七年
想必經手了很多 永動機 的專利申請案
我們從他晚年寫的自傳筆記 可以窺知一二
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" 一個理論 它所設的的前提愈是簡單 愈是能將不同的事物聯繫起來
以及 它所適用的範圍愈是廣大 那麼它愈是令人印象深刻
之前我所見的例子是 熱力學
其一般原理是 自然的法則是如此這般以至於不可能構造一個
(第一類及第二類)永動機
因此 古典熱力學 給我很深的印象
我相信熱力學在它的基本觀念(前提)能適用的地方
它是唯一不會被推翻的萬有理論
"A theory is the more impressive the greater the simplicity of its premises,
the more different kinds of things it relates, and the more extended its area
of applicability. The example I saw before me was thermodynamics.
The general principle was there given in the proposition:
The laws of nature are such that it is impossible
to construct a perpetuum mobile (of the first and second kinds).
Therefore the deep impression that classical thermodynamics
made upon me. It is the only physical theory of universal content which I am
convinced will never be overthrown, within the framework of applicability of
its basic concepts.
狹義相對論的一般原理包含在以下的假設
物理定律相對於勞倫茲變換(從一個慣性系轉變到任一其它的慣性系)
而言是不變的 這是自然定律的限制性原理 和熱力學比較起來
恰似永動機不存在的限制性原理做為熱力學的基礎"
The universal principle of the special theory of relativity is contained in
the postulate: The laws of physics are invariant with respect to Lorentz
transformations (for the transition from one inertial system to any other
arbitrarily chosen inertial system). This is a restricting principle for
natural laws, comparable to the restricting principle of the nonexistence of
the perpetuum mobile that underlies thermodynamics."
— Albert Einstein, Autobiographical Notes
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