Fortran
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Fortran
The Fortran Automatic Coding System for the IBM 704 (October 15, 1956), the
first Programmer's Reference Manual for Fortran
Paradigm: multi-paradigm: procedural, imperative, structured, object-oriented
Appeared in: 1957
Designed by: John W. Backus
Developer: John W. Backus & IBM
Typing discipline: strong, static
Major implementations: GFortran, Open Watcom, XL Fortran, many others
Influenced: ALGOL 58, PL/I
Fortran (previously FORTRAN[1]) is a general-purpose[2], procedural,[3]
imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric
computation and scientific computing. Originally developed by IBM in the
1950s for scientific and engineering applications, Fortran came to dominate
this area of programming early on and has been in continual use in
computationally intensive areas such as climate modeling[1], computational
fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational chemistry for half a century.
Fortran (an acronym derived from The IBM Mathematical Formula Translating
System) encompasses a lineage of versions, each of which evolved to add
extensions to the language while retaining compatibility with previous
versions. Successive versions have added support for processing of
character-based data (FORTRAN 77), array programming, module-based
programming and object-based programming (Fortran 90/95), and object-oriented
and generic programming (Fortran 2003).
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