CH 3 4幾乎都不會寫 請大家幫忙補完
CH 3
界Kingdom
門Phylum
綱Class
目Order
科Family
屬Genus
種Species
1.What conditions favor the preservation of soft parts as fossils within
sediment?
沉積速率快 構造運動少
2.What are the six kingdom of organism, and what traits characterize ezch one?
p.63
plantae
fungi
animalia
protista
archaeobacteria
eubacteria
3.What is the value of derived traits for the reconstruction of phylogenies?
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4.What kinds of organisms are grouped as algae?
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5.How did the evolution of certain reproductuve features allow early plants
to invade the land? Anser the same question for animaals.
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6.In what ways do animals participate in the reproduction of seed plant?
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7.What is a colonial animal?
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8.What kinds of animals are included among the arthopods? What kinds are
included among the mollusks?
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9.How do lobe-finned fishes differ from ray-finned fishes, and why were
the ray-finned forms unlikely to give rise to terrestrial animals?
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10.How do mammals differ from reptiles?
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11.The history of life has been highlighted by evolutionary innovations.
Using the Visual Overview [p.58] and what you have learned in this
chapter, identify important evolutionary breakthroughs in the overall
phylogeny of life that have distinguished new taxa from their
predecessors, and explain the biological signficance of each of the
features that you identify.
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CH 4
hypsometric curve
--A hypsometric curve indicates the proportions of Earht's surface that
lie at various altitudes above and depths below sea level.
life habit
--We speak of the way a species lives within its niche as a life habit.
fauna 動物群
flora 植物群
biota 生物群
brackish
--water of lower salinity
hypersaline
--water of higher salinity
1.Sometimes the species of a community are described as forming a good chain.
Why is it usually more appropriate to speak instead of a food web?
2.Which terrestrial and marine environments characteristically contain few
species? Explain why each of these environments is populated in this way.
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3.How do the main kinds of producers [photosynthesizer] in the ocean differ
in mode of life from those on the land?
微管束(?)
4.What can fossil plants tell us about ancient environments?
p.108
5.What does the shape of the hypsometric curve tell us about the distribution
of seafloor environments?
p.94
6.What produces the intertropical convergence zone?
p.101
地軸傾斜
7.What conditions create monsoons?
廣大大陸邊緣附近,原因是海陸的熱容量不同
8.How do winds affect the ocean on a large scale?
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9.Rain forests are sometimes likened to coral reefs, in that both support
communities that include large numbers of species. Why are both communitues
restructed to the tropics?
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10.What kinds of salinities characterize lagoons along the marine of the
ocean? What causes these salinity conditions?
鹽分低 brackish--有河水注入,部分獨立於開放的海洋
鹽分高 hypersaline--在水分蒸發快,位在熱且乾燥的氣候區
11.Identify the limiting factors that play important roles for various
communities of marine organisms [from the deep sea to the intertidal zone
and form the tropics to polar regions] and for varios communities of
nonmarine organisms [from lowland equatorial regions to mountain tops
and polar regions]. How do the compositions of various communities reflect
the presence of the limiting factors? Use the Visual Overview on page 92
as a guide.
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