rdhikbodfj;hboixdrgtfrdgtf
jn
rf
hgbdr
tfghbfgrfgn
tgh
hbrf
rfgt
fg
rt
fdgtrhb
xdgtrf
gfn
thxd
hrd
rt
tr
rtrtf
trdghbggtrfrdthrdtftgtd
rxdthrdtfghbdrtgxdgxxdck48th324ck48th324rfnjhtrf
The history of Minnesota is the story of a U.S. state shaped by its original
Native American residents, European exploration and settlement, and the
emergence of industries made possible by the state's natural resources.
Minnesota achieved prominence through fur trading, logging, and farming, and
later, railroads, flour milling and iron mining. While those industries
remain important, the state's economy is now driven by banking, computers and
health care. Fort Snelling played a pivotal role in Minnesota's history and
in the development of the cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul. The earliest
known settlers followed herds of large game to the region during the last Ice
Age. They preceded the Anishinaabe, the Sioux, and other Native American
inhabitants. Fur traders from France arrived during the 1600s. Europeans,
moving west during the 1800s, drove out most of the Native Americans. Fort
Snelling, built to protect United States territorial interests, brought early
settlers to the area. Early settlers used Saint Anthony Falls for powering
sawmills in the area that became Minneapolis, while others settled downriver
in the area that became Saint Paul. Minnesota became a part of the United
States as the Minnesota Territory in 1849, and became the 32nd U.S. state on
May 11, 1858. (more...)
Recently featured: Flag of Germany – Glynn Lunney – Israel
Archive – By email – More featured articles...
Did you know...
From Wikipedia's newest articles:
... that the Medusa Rondanini (pictured) in a prominent Roman collection was
ignored until it was praised by Goethe in 1786?
... that the Reverend Henry Tibbs was accused of calling Winston Churchill a
drug addict in 1940?
... that Birely, Hillman & Streaker was the only Philadelphian manufacturer
of wooden ships to survive the post-Civil War slump?
... that Odd With, member of the Norwegian Parliament for the Christian
Democratic Party, was the grandfather of 2006 Pop Idol victor Aleksander
Denstad With?
... that the US Navy's Casco-class monitors, long delayed due to the exacting
standards of Chief Engineer Alban C. Stimers, proved barely able to float on
debut and were quickly withdrawn from service?
... that the Vondelpark in Amsterdam, Netherlands annually attracts around 10
million visitors?
... that the Nebraska Republican Party nabbed Democratic candidate Max
Yashirin's namesake domain name and posted unflattering photos of him there
after he stood for Nebraska's 1st congressional district?
Archive – Start a new article...
In the news
An international relief operation begins after Cyclone Nargis strikes Burma,
with at least 63,500 people reported killed or missing. The Burmese military
regime conducts a significant referendum days from the cyclone's strike
despite international appeals.
Skirmishes erupt in Beirut between supporters of Lebanon's government and the
opposition.
Dmitry Medvedev (pictured) is sworn in as the third President of Russia,
replacing Vladimir Putin, who becomes the Prime Minister.
Brian Cowen succeeds Bertie Ahern as Taoiseach (prime minister) of the
Republic of Ireland.
Yahya Ould Ahmed El Waghef takes office as Prime Minister of Mauritania.
Wikinews – Recent deaths – More current events...
On this day...
May 11: Pentecost in Western Christianity (2008); Mother's Day in several
countries (2008)
1745 – War of the Austrian Succession: French forces defeated the
Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian "Pragmatic Army" at the Battle of Fontenoy in the
Austrian Netherlands in present day Belgium.
1792 – Merchant sea-captain Robert Gray (pictured) first entered the
Columbia River, the largest river flowing into the Pacific Ocean from North
America.
1812 – British Prime Minister Spencer Perceval was assassinated by John
Bellingham in the lobby of the House of Commons.
1867 – The major powers in Europe signed the Second Treaty of London to
solve the Luxembourg Crisis between France and Prussia over the political
status of Luxembourg.
1918 –這些話非常清楚地表明瞭禪宗所謂的"見性"指的是見自本性，也即見到自身本具的天
真佛性；而"成佛"則依靠"狂心頓歇，歇即菩提。"這些說法在密宗中都能找到一一對應之
處。不過，也許是語言文字本身造成的障礙，也許是個人理解能力上的差異，也就是在這
裏，顯密對成佛的理解，或者說是表述，或多或少表現出了一定的差異。
密宗中"即身成佛"所謂的"佛"，不僅僅是指一個修行人"見"到衆生本性意義上所具的
佛性，也並不僅僅代表他單從理論意義上明瞭了心、衆生與佛毫無差別的道理。密法中的
成佛不光是從衆生心的本體角度而言，依靠密法不共的特殊加持力，除了成就法性意義上
的"佛"以外，還同時成就了色身意義上的佛。我相信真正的禪宗祖師，當他們"見性成佛"
時，也同樣成就了色身佛。只不過因漢傳佛教歷來乏少對大光明見的闡述，而以"凡所有
相，皆是虛妄。"爲代表的空性見又深入人心，故而一些宗門大德便在顯現上不過多地宣
示有關色身成就與否的問題。如果我們的理解沒有出現偏差，禪宗一直強調的"見性成佛"
指的是圓滿了三身的佛，那禪宗的"佛"與密宗的"佛"就無甚差別；如果按目前普遍的理
解，大家都覺得禪宗的"佛"重點指的是心性本體意義層次上的"佛"，是說一切衆生都本具
佛性，而非過多強調修行者必須真正獲得相好圓滿的色身，那這樣的"佛"就顯現而言，肯
定與密法的"佛"存在著一定差異。
在佛法看來，三身是不可分割的統一整體，（禪宗當然也同樣認爲，只是未廣說、明
顯說而已。）一個修行人若獲證了法身，他要是不同時得到色身，這在邏輯推理上是無論
如何也說不過去的。藏地的寧瑪派、格魯派、薩迦派、噶舉派等四大教派一致公認，一個
凡夫是可以即身成就圓滿佛果的，這方面的典型代表是米拉日巴尊者。格魯派的嘎丹江措
格西也曾說過，若能依宗喀巴大師所傳之顯密圓融修法修持，最快可六個月成就佛果。而
宗大師在圓寂之時，若按續部所言的成佛之相衡量，則大師本人已全部完備了所有徵象。 The Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus was established,
with Tapa Tchermoeff as the first prime minister.
1949 – Siam was officially renamed Thailand, a name unofficially in use
since it was first coined by Prime Minister and dictator Plaek Pibulsonggram
in 1939.
More events: May 10 – May 11 – May 12
Archive – By email – More anniversaries...
Today's featured picture
The head and mandibles of an Australian bull ant. Insect mandibles grasp,
crush, or cut the insect’s food, or defend against predators or rivals.
These mandibles move in the horizontal plane unlike those of the vertebrates.
Photo credit: Fir0002
Recently featured: VR warehouses – Northern Mockingbird – John F. Kennedy
Library
Archive – More featured pictures...
Other areas of Wikipedia
Help desk — Ask questions about using Wikipedia.
Reference desk — Serving as virtual librarians, Wikipedia volunteers tackle
your questions on a wide range of subjects.
Village pump — For discussions about Wikipedia itself, including areas for
technical issues and policies.
Community portal — Bulletin board, projects, resources and activities
covering a wide range of Wikipedia areas.
Site news — Announcements, updates, articles and press releases on Wikipedia
and the Wikimedia Foundation.
Local embassy — For Wikipedia-related communication in languages other than
English
--
--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 211.74.75.65