學年學期 96學年度第2學期
開課單位 新聞碩一 新聞博一 新聞碩二 新聞博二
課程名稱 (中)言說分析
(英)Discourse Analysis
授課教師 鍾蔚文 職稱 專任 教授
課程目標
教什麼?
傳播必須透過言說進行,因此言說是傳播的核心議題。 這門課的目的在培養鑑賞和批判
語言的能力,具體而言,在探討各種分析言說的取徑。
怎麼上課?
沿襲我一貫的想法---知識是用來透視、詮釋日常生活的。上課的主要活動有:
1.了解和比較言說分析各種取徑,以學生報告和講課兩種方式進行。
2.檢視個案如何進行言說分析以及其推理的方式和結構
3.從指定讀物發現新問題
4.每星期指定2人(可全班輪流),提出書面和口頭報告,口頭報告以20
分鐘為限。書面報告請製成powerpoint錄音檔(製作方式請參見網站
說明), 於星期一晚十二時前送上本課網站,其他同學應先閱讀報告,
並提出問題。
5.就當週指定文章提出報告,報告應包括以下幾部分:
(1)本週方法核心之理念;
(2)如有資料分析,說明分析之程序和邏輯
6.應用本週方法,分析本年度主題資料,報告應包括以上幾部分:
(1)分析方法;
(2)詮釋;
(3)結論。
課程進度
2/19 課程介紹
2/26 言說分析是什麼?
討論問題:
請從上面、下面、左邊、右邊、前面、後面….從任何你認為可能的角度仔細讀這個課程
大綱,看看能否發現其中有何奧秘?
#鍾蔚文. (2003). 想像語言:從Saussure到台灣經驗. 出自傳播學的想像.
台北: 巨流出版社, pp. 236—253; pp. 228-236..
#Taylor, S. (2001). Locating and conducting discourse analytic research. In
M. Wetherell, S. Taylor & S. J. Yates (Eds.), Discourse as Data: A Guide for
Analysis (pp. 5-48). Milton Keynes: Sage.
Jaworski, Adam; & Coupland, Nikolas. (1999)(Eds.). The Discourse Reader.
London and New York: Routledge, “Introduction: Perspectives on discourse
analysis”, pp. 1-44.
Hammersley, M. (2002). Discourse anlaysis: A bibliographical guide.
www.cf.ac.uk.
Lakoff, R. T. (2003). Nine ways of looking at apologies: The necessity for
interdisciplinary theory and method in discourse analysis. In D. Schiffrin,
D. Tannen & H. E. Hamilton (Eds.), The Handbook of Discourse Analysis (pp.
199-214). Oxford: Blackwell.
Kitzinger, C., & Frith, H. (2001). Just say no? The use of Conversation
Analysis in developing a feminist perspective on sexual refusal. Discourse &
Society, 10(3), 293-316.
一、研究取徑
3/4 結構分析 (交研究提案)
#鍾蔚文. (2003). 想像語言:從Saussure到台灣經驗. 出自傳播學的想像.
台北: 巨流出版社, pp. 201-209
# Saussure, F. d. (1996). The object of linguistics. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The
Communication Theory Reader . London and New Yori: Rotledge & Kegan Paul, pp.
37-47.
# Saussure, F. d. (1996). Linguistics value. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The
Communication Theory Reader . London and New Yori: Rotledge & Kegan Paul, pp.
99-114.
Rose, Gillian. 王國強譯. (2006). Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to
the Interpretation of Visual Materials. (視覺研究導論: 影像的思考).
台卝: 群學出版社, 第四章,“符號學”,pp. 89-130.
van Dijk, Chap. 17, “Structure of news”, pp. 17-59.
Barthes, R. (1963). Introduction to the structural analysis of narratives. In
S. Sontag (Ed.), A Barthes Reader (pp. 251-295). New York: Hill and Wang.
3/11 Foucault式分析
# 鍾蔚文. (2003). 想像語言:從Saussure到台灣經驗. 出自傳播學的想像.
台北: 巨流出版社, pp. 220-228.
# Foucault, M. (1972). The Archaelogy of Knowledge. Trans. Smith, S. London:
Tavistock, Appendix, “The discourse on language”, pp. 215-39(當代雜誌有譯文
,連載中)
# Rose, Gillian. 王國強譯. (2006). Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to
the Interpretation of Visual Materials. (視覺研究導論: 影像的思考).
台卝: 群學出版社, 第五章,“論述分析I”,pp. 177-212; 第六章, “論述分析II”
, pp. 213-240.
#Carabine, J. (2001). Unmarried motherhood 1830-1990: A genealogical
analysis. In M. Wetherell & S. Taylor & S. J. Yates (Eds.), Discourse as
Data: A Guide for Analysis (pp. 267-310). London: Sage.
黃金麟. (2000). 歷史、身體、國家---近代中國的身體形成---1895-1937. 台北: 聯經.
Ball, Stephen J. 黃靜文譯. (1996). 出自香港嶺南學院翻譯系(編)學科.知識
.權力. 牛津大學出版社,””管理學: 一種道德技術”, 頁93-112.
3/18 批判言說分析(交第一次分析習作)
#鍾蔚文. (2003). 想像語言:從Saussure到台灣經驗. 出自傳播學的想像.
台北: 巨流出版社, pp. 216-221.
# Halliday, M. A. K. (1996). ‘Introuduction’, Language as social semiotic:
the social interpretation of language and meaning. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The
Communication Theory Reader (pp. 37-47). London and New Yori: Rotledge &
Kegan Paul, pp. 88-98.
# Fairclough, N. (2001). The discourse of New Labour: Critical Discourse
Analysis. In M. Wetherell & S. Taylor & S. J. Yates (Eds.), Discourse as
Data: A Guide for Analysis (pp. 229-266). London: Sage.
# Kress, G. R., & Van Leeuwen, T. (1996). Reading Images: The Grammar of
Graphic Design. London: Routledge.
Meyer, M. (2001). Between theory, method, and politics: positioning of the
approaches to CDA. In R. Wodak & M. Meyer (Eds.), Methods of Critical
Discourse Analysis (pp. 14-31). London: Sage.
倪炎元(1999)。〈再現的政治:解讀媒介對他者負面建構的策略〉, 《新聞學研究》
,58:85-112。
3/25 言說心理學
# Philips, L., & Jorgensen, M. W. (2002). Discourse Analysis as Theory and
Method. London: Sage, pp. 96-137.
# Edley, N. (2001). Analysing masculinity: Interpretative repertoires,
ideological dilemmas and subject positions. In M. Wetherell & S. Taylor & S.
J. Yates (Eds.), Discourse as Data: A Guide for Analysis (pp. 189-228).
London: Sage.
4/1 認知語言學
# Lee, D. A. (2003). Constructivist processes in discourse: A cognitive
linguistics perspective. In H. Van den Berg, M. Wetherell & H.
Houtkoop-Steenstra (Eds.), Analyzing Race Talk: Multidisciplinary Approaches
to the Interview (pp. 49-63). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Lakoff, G., & Kovecses, Z. (1987). The cognitive model of anger inherent in
American English. In M. Quinn & D. Holland (Eds.), Cultural Models in
Language and Thought (pp. 195-221). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
4/6 實踐導向分析(交第二次分析習作)
# 鍾蔚文. (2003). 想像語言:從Saussure到台灣經驗. 出自傳播學的想像.
台北: 巨流出版社, pp. 209-216.
# Volosinov, V. N. (1996). Toward a Marxist philosophy of language. In P.
Cobley (Ed.), The Communication Theory Reader (pp. 70-87). London and New
York: Routledge, pp. 70-87.
# Hutchins, E., & Palen, L. (1997). Constructing meaning from space, gesture,
and speech. In L. B. Resnick, R. Saljo, C. Pontecorvo & B. Burge (Eds.),
Discourse, Tools, and Reasoning: Essays on Situated Cognition (pp. 23-40).
Berlin: Springer.
Couldry, N. (2004). Theorising media as practice. Social Semiotics, 14(2),
115-132.
二、語言元素
4/15 對話分析
# Wooffitt, R. (2001). Researching psychic practitioners: Conversation
Analysis. In M. Wetherell & S. Taylor & S. J. Yates (Eds.), Discourse as
Data: A Guide for Analysis (pp. 49-92). London: Sage.
#Clayman, S. E. (1992). Footing in the achievement of neutrality: the case
of news-interview discourse. In P. Drew & J. Heritage (Eds.), Talk at Work:
Interaction in Institutional Settings (pp. 163-198). Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Turnbull, W. (2003). Language in Action: Psychological Models of
Conversation. Hove and New York: Psychology Press,Chap. 6,
"conversation analysis", pp. 140-210.
4/22 文體(Genre)
# Swales, J. M. (1990). Genre Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, Chap. 3, “The concept of genre”, pp. 33-67.
Miller, C. R. (1984). Genre as social action. Quarterly Journal of
Speech(70), 151-176.
4/29 敘述體(Narrative)
# Ochs, Elinor. (1997). Narrative. In Teun A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse as
Structure and Process. London: Sage, pp. 185-207.
Ryan, Marie-Laure. (2006). Avatars of Story. Minneapolis and London:
University of Minnesota Press, Chap. 1, “Narrative, media, and modes”, pp.
3-30.
Scholes, Robert; Phelan, James, & Kellogg, Robert. 2006. The Nature of
Marrative. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bell, A. (1994). Telling stories. In D. Graddol & O. Boyd-Barrett (Eds.),
Media Texts: Authors and Readers (pp. 100-118). Clevedon: The Open University.
蕭阿勤. (2005). 台灣文學的本土化典範: 歷史敘事、策略的本質主義與國家權力。文
化研究, 創刊號, 頁97-146.
5/6 隱喻(Metaphor)
#Lakoff, George; & Johnson, Mark. (1980). Metaphors We Live by.
Chicago & London: The Univ. of Chicago Press, Chap. 1-3, pp. 3-13;
Chap. 7-8, pp. 31-40; Chap. 12-13, pp. 56-68. (有中譯本)
Kovecses, Z. (2002). Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford: Oxford Univ.
Press, pp. 3-42.
Sontag, Susan. 刁筱華.(2000). 疾病的隱喻.台北:大田出版.
5/13 語法、字彙、觀點(交第三次分析習作)
# Martin, J. R. (2002). Grace: the loggenesis of freedom. In M. Toolan (Ed.),
Critical Discourse Analysis: Critical Concepts in Linguistics (Vol. III, pp.
170-201). London and New York: Routledge.
Halliday, M. A. K. (2002). On the grammar of pain. In M. Toolan (Ed.),
Critical Discourse Analysis: Critical Concepts in Linguistics (pp. 303-330).
London and New York: Routledge.
陳烜之, 鄧少林, & 梁展豪. (1995). 兩岸三地常用中文字彙比較研究. 中華心
理學報, 37(2), 169-177.
van Leeuwen, T. (1995). Representing social action. Discourse & Society,
6(1), 81-106.
Fang, Y.-j. (1994). 'Riots' and demonstrations in the Chinese press: A case
study of language and ideology. Discourse & Society, 5(4), 463-482.
三、主題(暫定,視學生興趣而定)
5/20 仇恨、歧視的語言
Fernandez-Armesto, F. (2007). 我們人類: 人類追尋自我價值及定位的歷史 (賴盈滿,
Trans.). 台北: 左岸.
Buruma, I. (2006). 罪孽的報應: 日本和德國的戰爭記憶與反思(1945-1993) (戴晴,
Trans.). 北京: 社會科學文獻出版社.
Ana, O. S. (1999). 'Like an animal I was treated': anti-immigrant metaphor in
US public discourse. Discoure & Society, 10(2), 191-224.
Wetherell, M. (2003). Racism and the analysis of cultural resources in
interviews. In H. Van den Berg, M. Wetherell & H. Houtkoop-Steenstra (Eds.),
Analyzing Race Talk: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Interview (pp.
11-30). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Teo, P. (2000). Racism in the news: A critical discourse analysis of news
reporting in two Australian newspapers. Discoure & Society, 11(4), 7-49.
5/27 語言中的創意
Carter, R. (2004). Language and Creativity: The Art of Common Talk. London
and New York: Routledge.
Carter, R., & Nash, W. (1990). Seeing Through Language: A Guide to Styles of
English Writing. Oxford: Blackwell.
6/3 多媒體語言
Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (2001). Multimodal Discourse: The Modes and
Media of Contemporary Communication. London: Arnold.
Kress, G. (2003). Literacy in the New Media Age. London and New York:
Routledge.
Kress, G. R., & Van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading images : the grammar of
visual design (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
6/10 如何評估言說分析?/未來研究方向
# 鍾蔚文. (2003). 想像語言:從Saussure到台灣經驗. 出自傳播學的想像.
台北: 巨流出版社, pp. 251-258.
#Taylor, S. (2001). Evaluating and applying discourse analytic research. In
M. Wetherell & S. Taylor & S. J. Yates (Eds.), Discourse as Data: A Guide for
Analysis (pp. 311-330). London: Sage.
6/27 繳交期末報告
課程要求/評分標準
個人作業
本學期作業包括以下等項:
1.研究計劃:每人擇一主題(例如:斷背山、火星文、教室言說、統獨言論、性騷擾語
言、專制語言、外勞、管理言說等,資料無所不在!),也可以已出版之
論文為對象,重新設計和分析。研究計劃以2頁為限,請說明主題背景、
研究動機、以及資料之來源和範圍。
2.分析習作:蒐集相關語料,從所探討言說分析取徑中選擇三種加以分析,每一取徑自
成一小報告,並定期繳交。每一小報告以五頁為限。
3.學期報告:
(1)學期報告應整合三篇小報告,並補充不足之處,提出分析之定稿。
(2)創作: 發揮創意,「發現」或發明語言的新品種。
以上作業繳交日期見課程大綱。
評分標準:
上課(包括網站)參與 30%
分析習作 30%
期末研究報告 20%
期末創作 20%
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