精華區beta Biology 關於我們 聯絡資訊
Chariot wrote: 如題,請各位為小弟解答這個問題。謝謝! > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: qbit.bbs@bbs.ntu.edu.tw (Discordant Elements), 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: 台大計中椰林風情站 (Thu Nov 12 10:22:58 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!Palmarama > Chariot wrote: > 如題,請各位為小弟解答這個問題。謝謝! No! Thermodynamics does not contradict to the principle of evolution at all. The 2nd Law says "In a CLOSED system, with constant energy, it has the tendency to reach the maximun entropy". But life, or a system which is evolving, is an OPEN system. There are free energy, heat, or information exchange with the environment. The total entroy of the system plus environment is increasing. By the way, a system located far away from equilibrim state also has a tendency to increase the complexity. That is not contradictary to the 2nd Law either. When thinking of thermodynamics, define the boundary of your system clearly first. > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: Chariot <c_h_a_r_i_o_t@yahoo.com>, 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: Netvigator (Fri Nov 13 02:33:24 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!news.mcu!news.cs.nthu!netnews.csie.nctu!ctu-peer!news.nct Chariot wrote: 但小弟聽到一些理論物理學家用熱力學第二定律來指出,宇宙開始之時其「熵」 (理論物理學家用作宇宙中混亂的一種量度)值是很低的,但宇宙中能量可用的 「功」(不知有沒有寫錯這個字)數量日減少。宇宙中一切事物趨向平行而「熵」 越大,到了「熵」的最大值,萬物變平行,一切都變得混亂。若以上的都沒有邏緝 茂誤(即賢兄所指的closed system),那即是一切只會趨向更簡單,而進化或演 化都要求由簡至繁、由同至異,那又是否相沖呢﹖愚弟不明為何理論物理學家把熱 力學第二定律用到宙宇上。(不知是否賢兄所指的open system)若果熱力學第二 定律能用在宇宙上,那是否能用在地球上呢﹖因為地球上的東西大都合乎由低「 熵」值至高「熵」值。愚弟一想到那就非常頭痛,請各位指教! Discordant Elements wrote: > > Chariot wrote: > > 如題,請各位為小弟解答這個問題。謝謝! > > No! Thermodynamics does not contradict to the principle of evolution > at all. > > The 2nd Law says "In a CLOSED system, with constant energy, it has > the tendency to reach the maximun entropy". > > But life, or a system which is evolving, is an OPEN system. There > are free energy, heat, or information exchange with the environment. > > The total entroy of the system plus environment is increasing. > > By the way, a system located far away from equilibrim state also has > a tendency to increase the complexity. That is not contradictary to > the 2nd Law either. > > When thinking of thermodynamics, define the boundary of your system > clearly > first. > > -- > offset(tofps,TODEV); > txphase(t6); > rlpower(sh_pwr,TODEV); /* set the power for the shaped pulse */ > shaped_pulse(shape,pw_sh_ms*1000.0,t6,2.0e-6,2.0e-6); > -- > ☆ [Origin:椰林風情] [From: ms6.hinet.net ] [Login: **] > [Post: **] > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: hlchiueh.bbs@csie.nctu.edu.tw (Bala), 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: 交大資工鳳凰城資訊站 (Fri Nov 13 02:46:30 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!ctu-gate!news.nctu!netnews.csie.nctu!news.csie.nctu!phoen ==> 在 c_h_a_r_i_o_t@yahoo.com (Chariot) 的文章中提到: : Chariot wrote: : 宇宙中一切事物趨向平行而「熵」 : 越大,到了「熵」的最大值,萬物變平行,一切都變得混亂。若以上的都沒有邏緝 : 茂誤(即賢兄所指的closed system),那即是一切只會趨向更簡單,而進化或演 : 化都要求由簡至繁、由同至異,那又是否相沖呢﹖愚弟不明為何理論物理學家把熱 : 力學第二定律用到宙宇上。ꄠ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 有些大物理學家認為 第二定律 不適用於整個宇宙 只適用於 closed system 如 蘭道 就認為重力會讓第二定律不成立 至於宇宙的 entropy 為何沒有快速增加 讓生物還有機會去演化出來 我記得有篇 article of "Dyson" in Scientific American 提 到幾種機致 其中最種要的就是重力了 不知是否賢兄所指的open system)若果熱力學第二 : 定律能用在宇宙上,那是否能用在地球上呢﹖因為地球上的東西大都合乎由低「 : 熵」值至高「熵」值。愚弟一想到那就非常頭痛,請各位指教! : Discordant Elements wrote: : > No! Thermodynamics does not contradict to the principle of evolution : > at all. : > The 2nd Law says "In a CLOSED system, with constant energy, it has : > the tendency to reach the maximun entropy". : > But life, or a system which is evolving, is an OPEN system. : > When thinking of thermodynamics, define the boundary of your system : > clearly : > first. : > -- > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: qbit.bbs@bbs.ntu.edu.tw (Discordant Elements), 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: 台大計中椰林風情站 (Fri Nov 13 05:02:11 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!Palmarama Universe(?) ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +++++++++++++ + + + + + + environment + evolution + + + information + on earth + + + free energy <--+--> + + + heat + + + + +++++++++++++ + ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Let's just leave the model of universe alone, since it's still controversial. And I don't know if the material or free energy will be generated from void. My point is, the internal structure and complexity of an evolving system is achieved at the expanse of free energy. The solar radiation has a higher free energy content before it reached the earth. After utilized by the organisms (green plants), it dissipates as heat, a lower form of energy (low free energy content). Though there are order or complixity created locally in the system , the net entropy is actually increasing (evolving system plus its environment). > Chariot wrote: > 但小弟聽到一些理論物理學家用熱力學第二定律來指出,宇宙開始之時其「熵」 > (理論物理學家用作宇宙中混亂的一種量度)值是很低的,但宇宙中能量可用的 > 「功」(不知有沒有寫錯這個字)數量日減少。宇宙中一切事物趨向平行而「熵」 > 越大,到了「熵」的最大值,萬物變平行,一切都變得混亂。若以上的都沒有邏緝 > 茂誤(即賢兄所指的closed system),那即是一切只會趨向更簡單,而進化或演 > 化都要求由簡至繁、由同至異,那又是否相沖呢﹖愚弟不明為何理論物理學家把熱 > 力學第二定律用到宙宇上。(不知是否賢兄所指的open system)若果熱力學第二 > 定律能用在宇宙上,那是否能用在地球上呢﹖因為地球上的東西大都合乎由低「 > 熵」值至高「熵」值。愚弟一想到那就非常頭痛,請各位指教! > > Discordant Elements wrote: > > > > No! Thermodynamics does not contradict to the principle of evolution > > at all. > > > > The 2nd Law says "In a CLOSED system, with constant energy, it has > > the tendency to reach the maximun entropy". > > > > But life, or a system which is evolving, is an OPEN system. There > > are free energy, heat, or information exchange with the environment. > > > > The total entroy of the system plus environment is increasing. > > > > By the way, a system located far away from equilibrim state also has > > a tendency to increase the complexity. That is not contradictary to > > the 2nd Law either. > > > > When thinking of thermodynamics, define the boundary of your system > > clearly > > first. > > > > -- > > offset(tofps,TODEV); > > txphase(t6); > > rlpower(sh_pwr,TODEV); /* set the power for the shaped pulse */ > > shaped_pulse(shape,pw_sh_ms*1000.0,t6,2.0e-6,2.0e-6); > > -- > > ☆ [Origin:椰林風情] [From: ms6.hinet.net ] [Login: **] > > [Post: **] > > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: qbit.bbs@bbs.ntu.edu.tw (Discordant Elements), 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: 台大計中椰林風情站 (Fri Nov 13 05:23:34 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!Palmarama ==> qbit (Discordant Elements) wrote: > Universe(?) > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ > + +++++++++++++ + > + + + + > + environment + evolution + + > + information + on earth + + > + free energy <--+--> + + > + heat + + + > + +++++++++++++ + > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Talking about a "closed" system, does the UNIVERSE have a boundary?? There are models of universe arguing that the universe might keep generating stuff from void........ Are we going to run out of free energy in the universe??? And will the that prevent our universe from evolving? Actually you see "evolution" everywhere in the universe. The evolution of galaxies, stars, or life. Patterns, forms, complexities are generated everywhere. But they do decay. In my humble opinion, the system has the tendency to reach the maximun entropy, but also it has the tendency to achieve maximun complexity at the expanse of free energy. > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: joseph.bbs@sparc20.ee.cycu.edu.tw (好賤 好賤 好賤), 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: 中原電機站 (Sun Nov 22 14:31:26 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!spring!news.csie.ncu!sunss105.cc.cycu!cyeebbs ※ 引述《hlchiueh.bbs@csie.nctu.edu.tw (Bala)》之銘言: : ==> 在 c_h_a_r_i_o_t@yahoo.com (Chariot) 的文章中提到: : : Chariot wrote: : : 宇宙中一切事物趨向平行而「熵」 : : 越大,到了「熵」的最大值,萬物變平行,一切都變得混亂。若以上的都沒有邏緝 : : 茂誤(即賢兄所指的closed system),那即是一切只會趨向更簡單,而進化或演 : : 化都要求由簡至繁、由同至異,那又是否相沖呢﹖愚弟不明為何理論物理學家把熱 : : 力學第二定律用到宙宇上。ꄠ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ : 有些大物理學家認為 第二定律 不適用於整個宇宙 只適用於 closed system 既稱定律..何來不成立之說??? 不適用已經牽強.. : 如 蘭道 就認為重力會讓第二定律不成立 : 至於宇宙的 entropy 為何沒有快速增加 讓生物還有機會去演化出來 : 我記得有篇 article of "Dyson" in Scientific American 提 : 到幾種機致 其中最種要的就是重力了 : 不知是否賢兄所指的open system)若果熱力學第二 : : 定律能用在宇宙上,那是否能用在地球上呢﹖因為地球上的東西大都合乎由低「 : : 熵」值至高「熵」值。愚弟一想到那就非常頭痛,請各位指教! : : Discordant Elements wrote: > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: enzyme.bbs@bbs.ntu.edu.tw (情定日落橋), 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: 台大計中椰林風情站 (Sun Nov 22 16:22:22 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!Palmarama ==> joseph.bbs@sparc20.ee.cycu.edu.tw (好賤 好賤 好賤) 提到: > ※ 引述《hlchiueh.bbs@csie.nctu.edu.tw (Bala)》之銘言: > : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > : 有些大物理學家認為 第二定律 不適用於整個宇宙 只適用於 closed system > 既稱定律..何來不成立之說??? > 不適用已經牽強.. 那是因為我們現在對宇宙結構還不了解呀 要是宇宙不是一個closed system 要是宇宙有不連續的區域性.... 第二定律就不適用了 但並非不成立 而不要看情況 > : 如 蘭道 就認為重力會讓第二定律不成立 > : 至於宇宙的 entropy 為何沒有快速增加 讓生物還有機會去演化出來 > : 我記得有篇 article of "Dyson" in Scientific American 提 > : 到幾種機致 其中最種要的就是重力了 > : 不知是否賢兄所指的open system)若果熱力學第二 > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 發信人: namin.bbs@bbs.nsysu.edu.tw (智能的存在物), 看板: Biology 標 題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 發信站: 中山計中美麗之島 (Sun Nov 22 19:55:09 1998) 轉信站: Ptt!news.ntu!spring!news.csie.ncu!news.ice.cycu!ccnews.nsysu!Formosa ==> joseph.bbs@sparc20.ee.cycu.edu.tw (好賤 好賤 好賤) 的文章中提到: >※ 引述《hlchiueh.bbs@csie.nctu.edu.tw (Bala)》之銘言: >: ==> 在 c_h_a_r_i_o_t@yahoo.com (Chariot) 的文章中提到: >: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ >: 有些大物理學家認為 第二定律 不適用於整個宇宙 只適用於 closed system > 既稱定律..何來不成立之說??? > 不適用已經牽強.. 第一 定律也有其適用的範圍... 你也不能把一個定律套用在所有狀況上 第二 定律也是可以被推翻的... 雖然定律是經過嚴格的檢驗 但是並不代表它不能被推翻 > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 作者: Copper (冷) 看板: Biology 標題: Re: 熱力學第二定律是否與進化論相沖﹖ 時間: Wed Dec 16 15:10:21 1998 (以下文字翻譯自Campbell,4th edition,p92) 宇宙的亂度是一直在增加的,但生命體的亂度卻是相當地低,那麼,要如何去滿足熱力 學第二定律呢??解答的關鍵在於,我們要記住一個事實:生命體是一個開放的系統, 它會和環境自由地交換物質及能量。細胞用較無組織性的原料產生較具組織性的胞器, 舉例來說,胺基酸以特定的序位被排定而組成多太鏈。在生命進化的歷史,複雜的有機 體(低亂度)是從較簡單的祖先(高亂度)演化而來,但,這並不違反第二定律,雖然 生命體的亂度降低,但環境的亂度卻會升得更高-高過生命體所降低的值,故,宇宙整 體的亂度依然是升高的。因此,生命的演化,並不違反熱力學第二定律。