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TREATY OF PEACE WITH JAPAN
Signed at San Francisco, 8 September 1951
Initial entry into force: 28 April 1952
WHEREAS the Allied Powers and Japan are resolved that henceforth
their relations shall be those of nations which, as sovereign equals,
cooperate in friendly association to promote their common welfare and
to maintain international peace and security, and are therefore desirous
of concluding a Treaty of Peace which will settle questions still
outstanding as a result of the existence of a state of war between them;
WHEREAS Japan for its part declares its intention to apply for
membership in the United Nations and in all circumstances to conform
to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations; to strive to realize
the objectives of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; to seek to
create within Japan conditions of stability and well-being as defined in
Articles 55 and 56 of the Charter of the United Nations and already
initiated by post-surrender Japanese legislation; and in public and
private trade and commerce to conform to internationally accepted fair
practices;
WHEREAS the Allied Powers welcome the intentions of Japan set out
in the foregoing paragraph;
THE ALLIED POWERS AND JAPAN have therefore determined to
conclude the present Treaty of Peace, and have accordingly appointed
the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, who, after presentation of their full
powers, found in good and due form, have agreed on the following
provisions:
CHAPTER I
PEACE
Article 1
(a) The state of war between Japan and each of the Allied Powers is
terminated as from the date on which the present Treaty comes into
force between Japan and the Allied Power concerned as provided for in
Article 23.
(b) The Allied Powers recognize the full sovereignty of the Japanese
people over Japan and its territorial waters.
CHAPTER II
TERRITORY
Article 2
(a) Japan recognizing the independence of Korea, renounces all right,
title and claim to Korea, including the islands of Quelpart, Port
Hamilton and Dagelet.
(b) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to Formosa and the
Pescadores.
(c) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Kurile Islands, and to
that portion of Sakhalin and the islands adjacent to it over which Japan
acquired sovereignty as a consequence of the Treaty of Portsmouth of 5
September 1905.
(d) Japan renounces all right, title and claim in connection with the
League of Nations Mandate System, and accepts the action of the
United Nations Security Council of 2 April 1947, extending the
trusteeship system to the Pacific Islands formerly under mandate to
Japan.
(e) Japan renounces all claim to any right or title to or interest in
connection with any part of the Antarctic area, whether deriving from
the activities of Japanese nationals or otherwise.
(f) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Spratly Islands and to
the Paracel Islands.
Article 3
Japan will concur in any proposal of the United States to the United
Nations to place under its trusteeship system, with the United States as
the sole administering authority, Nansei Shoto south of 29deg. north
latitude (including the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands), Nanpo
Shoto south of Sofu Gan (including the Bonin Islands, Rosario Island
and the Volcano Islands) and Parece Vela and Marcus Island. Pending
the making of such a proposal and affirmative action thereon, the United
States will have the right to exercise all and any powers of
administration, legislation and jurisdiction over the territory and
inhabitants of these islands, including their territorial waters.
Article 4
(a) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Article, the
disposition of property of Japan and of its nationals in the areas referred
to in Article 2, and their claims, including debts, against the authorities
presently administering such areas and the residents (including juridical
persons) thereof, and the disposition in Japan of property of such
authorities and residents, and of claims, including debts, of such
authorities and residents against Japan and its nationals, shall be the
subject of special arrangements between Japan and such authorities. The
property of any of the Allied Powers or its nationals in the areas referred
to in Article 2 shall, insofar as this has not already been done, be
returned by the administering authority in the condition in which it now
exists. (The term nationals whenever used in the present Treaty includes
juridical persons.)
(b) Japan recognizes the validity of dispositions of property of Japan and
Japanese nationals made by or pursuant to directives of the United
States Military Government in any of the areas referred to in Articles 2
and 3.
(c) Japanese owned submarine cables connection Japan with territory
removed from Japanese control pursuant to the present Treaty shall be
equally divided, Japan retaining the Japanese terminal and adjoining
half of the cable, and the detached territory the remainder of the cable
and connecting terminal facilities.
CHAPTER III
SECURITY
Article 5
(a) Japan accepts the obligations set forth in Article 2 of the Charter of
the United Nations, and in particular the obligations
(i) to settle its international disputes by peaceful means in
such a manner that international peace and security, and
justice, are not endangered;
(ii) to refrain in its international relations from the threat or
use of force against the territorial integrity or political
independence of any State or in any other manner
inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations;
(iii) to give the United Nations every assistance in any
action it takes in accordance with the Charter and to refrain
from giving assistance to any State against which the
United Nations may take preventive or enforcement action.
(b) The Allied Powers confirm that they will be guided by the principles
of Article 2 of the Charter of the United Nations in their relations with
Japan.
(c) The Allied Powers for their part recognize that Japan as a sovereign
nation possesses the inherent right of individual or collective
self-defense referred to in Article 51 of the Charter of the United
Nations and that Japan may voluntarily enter into collective security
arrangements.
Article 6
(a) All occupation forces of the Allied Powers shall be withdrawn from
Japan as soon as possible after the coming into force of the present
Treaty, and in any case not later than 90 days thereafter. Nothing in this
provision shall, however, prevent the stationing or retention of foreign
armed forces in Japanese territory under or in consequence of any
bilateral or multilateral agreements which have been or may be made
between one or more of the Allied Powers, on the one hand, and Japan
on the other.
(b) The provisions of Article 9 of the Potsdam Proclamation of 26 July
1945, dealing with the return of Japanese military forces to their homes,
to the extent not already completed, will be carried out.
(c) All Japanese property for which compensation has not already been
paid, which was supplied for the use of the occupation forces and which
remains in the possession of those forces at the time of the coming into
force of the present Treaty, shall be returned to the Japanese
Government within the same 90 days unless other arrangements are
made by mutual agreement.
CHAPTER IV
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CLAUSES
Article 7
(a) Each of the Allied Powers, within one year after the present Treaty
has come into force between it and Japan, will notify Japan which of its
prewar bilateral treaties or conventions with Japan it wishes to continue
in force or revive, and any treaties or conventions so notified shall
continue in force or by revived subject only to such amendments as may
be necessary to ensure conformity with the present Treaty. The treaties
and conventions so notified shall be considered as having been
continued in force or revived three months after the date of notification
and shall be registered with the Secretariat of the United Nations. All
such treaties and conventions as to which Japan is not so notified shall
be regarded as abrogated.
(b) Any notification made under paragraph (a) of this Article may
except from the operation or revival of a treaty or convention any
territory for the international relations of which the notifying Power is
responsible, until three months after the date on which notice is given to
Japan that such exception shall cease to apply.
Article 8
(a) Japan will recognize the full force of all treaties now or hereafter
concluded by the Allied Powers for terminating the state of war initiated
on 1 September 1939, as well as any other arrangements by the Allied
Powers for or in connection with the restoration of peace. Japan also
accepts the arrangements made for terminating the former League of
Nations and Permanent Court of International Justice.
(b) Japan renounces all such rights and interests as it may derive from
being a signatory power of the Conventions of St. Germain-en-Laye of
10 September 1919, and the Straits Agreement of Montreux of 20 July
1936, and from Article 16 of the Treaty of Peace with Turkey signed at
Lausanne on 24 July 1923.
(c) Japan renounces all rights, title and interests acquired under, and is
discharged from all obligations resulting from, the Agreement between
Germany and the Creditor Powers of 20 January 1930 and its Annexes,
including the Trust Agreement, dated 17 May 1930, the Convention of
20 January 1930, respecting the Bank for International Settlements; and
the Statutes of the Bank for International Settlements. Japan will notify
to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Paris within six months of the first
coming into force of the present Treaty its renunciation of the rights,
title and interests referred to in this paragraph.
Article 9
Japan will enter promptly into negotiations with the Allied Powers so
desiring for the conclusion of bilateral and multilateral agreements
providing for the regulation or limitation of fishing and the conservation
and development of fisheries on the high seas.
Article 10
Japan renounces all special rights and interests in China, including all
benefits and privileges resulting from the provisions of the final
Protocol signed at Peking on 7 September 1901, and all annexes, notes
and documents supplementary thereto, and agrees to the abrogation in
respect to Japan of the said protocol, annexes, notes and documents.
Article 11
Japan accepts the judgments of the International Military Tribunal for
the Far East and of other Allied War Crimes Courts both within and
outside Japan, and will carry out the sentences imposed thereby upon
Japanese nationals imprisoned in Japan. The power to grant clemency,
to reduce sentences and to parole with respect to such prisoners may not
be exercised except on the decision of the Government or Governments
which imposed the sentence in each instance, and on recommendation of
Japan. In the case of persons sentenced by the International Military
Tribunal for the Far East, such power may not be exercised except on
the decision of a majority of the Governments represented on the
Tribunal, and on the recommendation of Japan.
Article 12
(a) Japan declares its readiness promptly to enter into negotiations for
the conclusion with each of the Allied Powers of treaties or agreements
to place their trading, maritime and other commercial relations on a
stable and friendly basis.
(b) Pending the conclusion of the relevant treaty or agreement, Japan
will, during a period of four years from the first coming into force of the
present Treaty
(1) accord to each of the Allied Powers, its nationals,
products and vessels
(i) most-favoured-nation treatment with
respect to customs duties, charges, restrictions
and other regulations on or in connection with
the importation and exportation of goods;
(ii) national treatment with respect to shipping,
navigation and imported goods, and with
respect to natural and juridical persons and
their interests - such treatment to include all
matters pertaining to the levying and
collection of taxes, access to the courts, the
making and performance of contracts, rights to
property (tangible and intangible),
participating in juridical entities constituted
under Japanese law, and generally the conduct
of all kinds of business and professional
activities;
(2) ensure that external purchases and sales of Japanese
state trading enterprises shall be based solely on
commercial considerations.
(c) In respect to any matter, however, Japan shall be obliged to accord to
an Allied Power national treatment, or most-favored-nation treatment,
only to the extent that the Allied Power concerned accords Japan
national treatment or most-favored-nation treatment, as the case may be,
in respect of the same matter. The reciprocity envisaged in the foregoing
sentence shall be determined, in the case of products, vessels and
juridical entities of, and persons domiciled in, any non-metropolitan
territory of an Allied Power, and in the case of juridical entities of, and
persons domiciled in, any state or province of an Allied Power having a
federal government, by reference to the treatment accorded to Japan in
such territory, state or province.
(d) In the application of this Article, a discriminatory measure shall not
be considered to derogate from the grant of national or
most-favored-nation treatment, as the case may be, if such measure is
based on an exception customarily provided for in the commercial
treaties of the party applying it, or on the need to safeguard that party's
external financial position or balance of payments (except in respect to
shiping and navigation), or on the need to maintain its essential security
interests, and provided such measure is proportionate to the
circumstances and not applied in an arbitrary or unreasonable manner.
(e) Japan's obligations under this Article shall not be affected by the
exercise of any Allied rights under Article 14 of the present Treaty; nor
shall the provisions of this Article be understood as limiting the
undertakings assumed by Japan by virtue of Article 15 of the Treaty.
Article 13
(a) Japan will enter into negotiations with any of the Allied Powers,
promptly upon the request of such Power or Powers, for the conclusion
of bilateral or multilateral agreements relating to international civil air
transport.
(b) Pending the conclusion of such agreement or agreements, Japan will,
during a period of four years from the first coming into force of the
present Treaty, extend to such Power treatment not less favorable with
respect to air-traffic rights and privileges than those exercised by any
such Powers at the date of such coming into force, and will accord
complete equality of opportunity in respect to the operation and
development of air services.
(c) Pending its becoming a party to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation in accordance with Article 93 thereof, Japan will give
effect to the provisions of that Convention applicable to the international
navigation of aircraft, and will give effect to the standards, practices and
procedures adopted as annexes to the Convention in accordance with the
terms of the Convention.
CHAPTER V
CLAIMS AND PROPERTY
Article 14
(a) It is recognized that Japan should pay reparations to the Allied
Powers for the damage and suffering caused by it during the war.
Nevertheless it is also recognized that the resources of Japan are not
presently sufficient, if it is to maintain a viable economy, to make
complete reparation for all such damage and suffering and at the same
time meet its other obligations.
Therefore,
1. Japan will promptly enter into negotiations with Allied
Powers so desiring, whose present territories were occupied
by Japanese forces and damaged by Japan, with a view to
assisting to compensate those countries for the cost of
repairing the damage done, by making available the
services of the Japanese people in production, salvaging
and other work for the Allied Powers in question. Such
arrangements shall avoid the imposition of additional
liabilities on other Allied Powers, and, where the
manufacturing of raw materials is called for, they shall be
supplied by the Allied Powers in question, so as not to
throw any foreign exchange burden upon Japan.
2. (I) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (II) below,
each of the Allied Powers shall have the right to seize,
retain, liquidate or otherwise dispose of all property, rights
and interests of
(a) Japan and Japanese nationals,
(b) persons acting for or on behalf of Japan or Japanese
nationals, and
(c) entities owned or controlled by Japan or Japanese
nationals,
which on the first coming into force of the present Treaty
were subject to its jurisdiction. The property, rights and
interests specified in this subparagraph shall include those
now blocked, vested or in the possession or under the
control of enemy property authorities of Allied Powers,
which belong to, or were held or managed on behalf of, any
of the persons or entities mentioned in (a), (b) or (c) above
at the time such assets came under the controls of such
authorities.
(II) The following shall be excepted from the right
specified in subparagraph (I) above:
(i) property of Japanese natural persons who during the war
resided with the permission of the Government concerned
in the territory of one of the Allied Powers, other than
territory occupied by Japan, except property subjected to
restrictions during the war and not released from such
restrictions as of the date of the first coming into force of
the present Treaty;
(ii) all real property, furniture and fixtures owned by the
Government of Japan and used for diplomatic or consular
purposes, and all personal furniture and furnishings and
other private property not of an investment nature which
was normally necessary for the carrying out of diplomatic
and consular functions, owned by Japanese diplomatic and
consular personnel;
(iii) property belonging to religious bodies or private
charitable institutions and used exclusively for religious or
charitable purposes;
(iv) property, rights and interests which have come within
its jurisdiction in consequence of the resumption of trade
and financial relations subsequent to 2 September 1945,
between the country concerned and Japan, except such as
have resulted from transactions contrary to the laws of the
Allied Power concerned;
(v) obligations of Japan or Japanese nationals, any right,
title or interest in tangible property located in Japan,
interests in enterprises organized under the laws of Japan,
or any paper evidence thereof; provided that this exception
shall only apply to obligations of Japan and its nationals
expressed in Japanese currency.
(III) Property referred to in exceptions (i) through (v) above
shall be returned subject to reasonable expenses for its
preservation and administration. If any such property has
been liquidated the proceeds shall be returned instead.
(IV) The right to seize, retain, liquidate or otherwise
dispose of property as provided in subparagraph (I) above
shall be exercised in accordance with the laws of the Allied
Power concerned, and the owner shall have only such rights
as may be given him by those laws.
(V) The Allied Powers agree to deal with Japanese
trademarks and literary and artistic property rights on a
basis as favorable to Japan as circumstances ruling in each
country will permit.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in the present Treaty, the Allied
Powers waive all reparations claims of the Allied Powers, other claims
of the Allied Powers and their nationals arising out of any actions taken
by Japan and its nationals in the course of the prosecution of the war,
and claims of the Allied Powers for direct military costs of occupation.
Article 15
(a) Upon application made within nine months of the coming into force
of the present Treaty between Japan and the Allied Power concerned,
Japan will, within six months of the date of such application, return the
property, tangible and intangible, and all rights or interests of any kind
in Japan of each Allied Power and its nationals which was within Japan
at any time between 7 December 1941 and 2 September 1945, unless the
owner has freely disposed thereof without duress or fraud. Such
property shall be returned free of all encumbrances and charges to which
it may have become subject because of the war, and without any charges
for its return. Property whose return is not applied for by or on behalf of
the owner or by his Government within the prescribed period may be
disposed of by the Japanese Government as it may determine. In cases
where such property was within Japan on 7 December 1941, and cannot
be returned or has suffered injury or damage as a result of the war,
compensation will be made on terms not less favorable than the terms
provided in the draft Allied Powers Property Compensation Law
approved by the Japanese Cabinet on 13 July 1951.
(b) With respect to industrial property rights impaired during the war,
Japan will continue to accord to the Allied Powers and their nationals
benefits no less than those heretofore accorded by Cabinet Orders No.
309 effective 1 September 1949, No. 12 effective 28 January 1950, and
No. 9 effective 1 February 1950, all as now amended, provided such
nationals have applied for such benefits within the time limits prescribed
therein.
(c) (i) Japan acknowledges that the literary and artistic property rights
which existed in Japan on 6 December 1941, in respect to the published
and unpublished works of the Allied Powers and their nationals have
continued in force since that date, and recognizes those rights which
have arisen, or but for the war would have arisen, in Japan since that
date, by the operation of any conventions and agreements to which
Japan was a party on that date, irrespective of whether or not such
conventions or agreements were abrogated or suspended upon or since
the outbreak of war by the domestic law of Japan or of the Allied Power
concerned.
(ii) Without the need for application by the proprietor of the right and
without the payment of any fee or compliance with any other formality,
the period from 7 December 1941 until the coming into force of the
present Treaty between Japan and the Allied Power concerned shall be
excluded from the running of the normal term of such rights; and such
period, with an additional period of six months, shall be excluded from
the time within which a literary work must be translated into Japanese in
order to obtain translating rights in Japan.
Article 16
As an expression of its desire to indemnify those members of the armed
forces of the Allied Powers who suffered undue hardships while
prisoners of war of Japan, Japan will transfer its assets and those of its
nationals in countries which were neutral during the war, or which were
at war with any of the Allied Powers, or, at its option, the equivalent of
such assets, to the International Committee of the Red Cross which shall
liquidate such assets and distribute the resultant fund to appropriate
national agencies, for the benefit of former prisoners of war and their
families on such basis as it may determine to be equitable. The
categories of assets described in Article 14(a)2(II)(ii) through (v) of the
present Treaty shall be excepted from transfer, as well as assets of
Japanese natural persons not residents of Japan on the first coming into
force of the Treaty. It is equally understood that the transfer provision of
this Article has no application to the 19,770 shares in the Bank for
International Settlements presently owned by Japanese financial
institutions.
Article 17
(a) Upon the request of any of the Allied Powers, the Japanese
Government shall review and revise in conformity with international
law any decision or order of the Japanese Prize Courts in cases
involving ownership rights of nationals of that Allied Power and shall
supply copies of all documents comprising the records of these cases,
including the decisions taken and orders issued. In any case in which
such review or revision shows that restoration is due, the provisions of
Article 15 shall apply to the property concerned.
(b) The Japanese Government shall take the necessary measures to
enable nationals of any of the Allied Powers at any time within one year
from the coming into force of the present Treaty between Japan and the
Allied Power concerned to submit to the appropriate Japanese
authorities for review any judgment given by a Japanese court between
7 December 1941 and such coming into force, in any proceedings in
which any such national was unable to make adequate presentation of
his case either as plaintiff or defendant. The Japanese Government shall
provide that, where the national has suffered injury by reason of any
such judgment, he shall be restored in the position in which he was
before the judgment was given or shall be afforded such relief as may be
just and equitable in the circumstances.
Article 18
(a) It is recognized that the intervention of the state of war has not
affected the obligation to pay pecuniary debts arising out of obligations
and contracts (including those in respect of bonds) which existed and
rights which were acquired before the existence of a state of war, and
which are due by the Government or nationals of Japan to the
Government or nationals of one of the Allied Powers, or are due by the
Government or nationals of one of the Allied Powers to the Government
or nationals of Japan. The intervention of a state of war shall equally not
be regarded as affecting the obligation to consider on their merits claims
for loss or damage to property or for personal injury or death which
arose before the existence of a state of war, and which may be presented
or re-presented by the Government of one of the Allied Powers to the
Government of Japan, or by the Government of Japan to any of the
Governments of the Allied Powers. The provisions of this paragraph are
without prejudice to the rights conferred by Article 14.
(b) Japan affirms its liability for the prewar external debt of the Japanese
State and for debts of corporate bodies subsequently declared to be
liabilities of the Japanese State, and expresses its intention to enter into
negotiations at an early date with its creditors with respect to the
resumption of payments on those debts; to encourage negotiations in
respect to other prewar claims and obligations; and to facilitate the
transfer of sums accordingly.
Article 19
(a) Japan waives all claims of Japan and its nationals against the Allied
Powers and their nationals arising out of the war or out of actions taken
because of the existence of a state of war, and waives all claims arising
from the presence, operations or actions of forces or authorities of any
of the Allied Powers in Japanese territory prior to the coming into force
of the present Treaty.
(b) The foregoing waiver includes any claims arising out of actions
taken by any of the Allied Powers with respect to Japanese ships
between 1 September 1939 and the coming into force of the present
Treaty, as well as any claims and debts arising in respect to Japanese
prisoners of war and civilian internees in the hands of the Allied Powers,
but does not include Japanese claims specifically recognized in the laws
of any Allied Power enacted since 2 September 1945.
(c) Subject to reciprocal renunciation, the Japanese Government also
renounces all claims (including debts) against Germany and German
nationals on behalf of the Japanese Government and Japanese nationals,
including intergovernmental claims and claims for loss or damage
sustained during the war, but excepting (a) claims in respect of contracts
entered into and rights acquired before 1 September 1939, and (b)
claims arising out of trade and financial relations between Japan and
Germany after 2 September 1945. Such renunciation shall not prejudice
actions taken in accordance with Articles 16 and 20 of the present
Treaty.
(d) Japan recognizes the validity of all acts and omissions done during
the period of occupation under or in consequence of directives of the
occupation authorities or authorized by Japanese law at that time, and
will take no action subjecting Allied nationals to civil or criminal
liability arising out of such acts or omissions.
Article 20
Japan will take all necessary measures to ensure such disposition of
German assets in Japan as has been or may be determined by those
powers entitled under the Protocol of the proceedings of the Berlin
Conference of 1945 to dispose of those assets, and pending the final
disposition of such assets will be responsible for the conservation and
administration thereof.
Article 21
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 25 of the present Treaty,
China shall be entitled to the benefits of Articles 10 and 14(a)2; and
Korea to the benefits of Articles 2, 4, 9 and 12 of the present Treaty.
CHAPTER VI
SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
Article 22
If in the opinion of any Party to the present Treaty there has arisen a
dispute concerning the interpretation or execution of the Treaty, which
is not settled by reference to a special claims tribunal or by other agreed
means, the dispute shall, at the request of any party thereto, be referred
for decision to the International Court of Justice. Japan and those Allied
Powers which are not already parties to the Statute of the International
Court of Justice will deposit with the Registrar of the Court, at the time
of their respective ratifications of the present Treaty, and in conformity
with the resolution of the United Nations Security Council, dated 15
October 1946, a general declaration accepting the jurisdiction, without
special agreement, of the Court generally in respect to all disputes of the
character referred to in this Article.
CHAPTER VII
FINAL CLAUSES
Article 23
(a) The present Treaty shall be ratified by the States which sign it,
including Japan, and will come into force for all the States which have
then ratified it, when instruments of ratification have been deposited by
Japan and by a majority, including the United States of America as the
principal occupying Power, of the following States, namely Australia,
Canada, Ceylon, France, Indonesia, the Kingdom of the Netherlands,
New Zealand, Pakistan, the Republic of the Philippines, the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of
America. The present Treaty shall come into force of each State which
subsequently ratifies it, on the date of the deposit of its instrument of
ratification.
(b) If the Treaty has not come into force within nine months after the
date of the deposit of Japan's ratification, any State which has ratified it
may bring the Treaty into force between itself and Japan by a
notification to that effect given to the Governments of Japan and the
United States of America not later than three years after the date of
deposit of Japan's ratification.
Article 24
All instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Government
of the United States of America which will notify all the signatory
States of each such deposit, of the date of the coming into force of the
Treaty under paragraph (a) of Article 23, and of any notifications made
under paragraph (b) of Article 23.
Article 25
For the purposes of the present Treaty the Allied Powers shall be the
States at war with Japan, or any State which previously formed a part of
the territory of a State named in Article 23, provided that in each case
the State concerned has signed and ratified the Treaty. Subject to the
provisions of Article 21, the present Treaty shall not confer any rights,
titles or benefits on any State which is not an Allied Power as herein
defined; nor shall any right, title or interest of Japan be deemed to be
diminished or prejudiced by any provision of the Treaty in favour of a
State which is not an Allied Power as so defined.
Article 26
Japan will be prepared to conclude with any State which signed or
adhered to the United Nations Declaration of 1 January 1942, and which
is at war with Japan, or with any State which previously formed a part of
the territory of a State named in Article 23, which is not a signatory of
the present Treaty, a bilateral Treaty of Peace on the same or
substantially the same terms as are provided for in the present Treaty,
but this obligation on the part of Japan will expire three years after the
first coming into force of the present Treaty. Should Japan make a peace
settlement or war claims settlement with any State granting that State
greater advantages than those provided by the present Treaty, those
same advantages shall be extended to the parties to the present Treaty.
Article 27
The present Treaty shall be deposited in the archives of the Government
of the United States of America which shall furnish each signatory State
with a certified copy thereof.
IN FAITH WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed
the present Treaty.
DONE at the city of San Francisco this eighth day of September 1951,
in the English, French, and Spanish languages, all being equally
authentic, and in the Japanese language.
For Argentina:
Hipolito J. PAZ
For Australia:
Percy C. SPENDER
For Belgium:
Paul VAN ZEELAND SILVERCRUYS
For Bolivia:
Luis GUACHALLA
For Brazil:
Carlos MARTINS
A. DE MELLO-FRANCO
For Cambodia:
PHLENG
For Canada:
Lester B. PEARSON
R.W. MAYHEW
For Ceylon:
J.R. JAYEWARDENE
G.C.S. COREA
R.G. SENANAYAKE
For Chile:
F. NIETO DEL RIO
For Colombia:
Cipriano RESTREPO JARAMILLO
Sebastian OSPINA
For Costa Rica:
J. Rafael OREAMUNO
V. VARGAS
Luis DOBLES SANCHEZ
For Cuba:
O. GANS
L. MACHADO
Joaquin MEYER
For the Dominican Republic:
V. ORDONEZ
Luis F. THOMEN
For Ecuador:
A. QUEVEDO
R.G. VALENZUELA
For Egypt:
Kamil A. RAHIM
For El Salvador:
Hector DAVID CASTRO
Luis RIVAS PALACIOS
For Ethiopia:
Men YAYEJIJRAD
For France:
SCHUMANN
H. BONNET
Paul-Emile NAGGIAR
For Greece:
A.G. POLITIS
For Guatemala:
E. CASTILLO A.
A.M. ORELLANA
J. MENDOZA
For Haiti:
Jacques N. LEGER
Gust. LARAQUE
For Honduras:
J.E. VALENZUELA
Roberto GALVEZ B.
Raul ALVARADO T.
For Indonesia:
Ahmad SUBARDJO
For Iran:
A.G. ARDALAN
For Iraq:
A.I. BAKR
For Laos:
SAVANG
For Lebanon:
Charles MALIK
For Liberia:
Gabriel L. DENNIS
James ANDERSON
Raymond HORACE
J. Rudolf GRIMES
For the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg:
Hugues LE GALLAIS
For Mexico:
Rafael DE LA COLINA
Gustavo DIAZ ORDAZ
A.P. GASGA
For the Netherlands:
D.U. STIKKER
J.H. VAN ROIJEN
For New Zealand:
C. BERENDSEN
For Nicaragua:
G. SEVILLA SACASA
Gustavo MANZANARES
For Norway:
Wilhelm Munthe MORGENSTERNE
For Pakistan:
ZAFRULLAH KHAN
For Panama:
Ignacio MOLINO
Jose A. REMON
Alfredo ALEMAN
J. CORDOVEZ
For Peru:
Luis Oscar BOETTNER
For the Republic of the Philippines:
Carlos P. ROMULO
J.M. ELIZALDE
Vicente FRANCISCO
Diosdado MACAPAGAL
Emiliano T. TIRONA
V.G. SINCO
For Saudi Arabia:
Asad AL-FAQIH
For Syria:
F. EL-KHOURI
For Turkey:
Feridun C. ERKIN
For the Union of South Africa:
G.P. JOOSTE
For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:
Herbert MORRISON
Kenneth YOUNGER
Oliver FRANKS
For the United States of America:
Dean ACHESON
John Foster DULLES
Alexander WILEY
John J. SPARKMAN
For Uruguay:
Jose A. MORA
For Venezuela:
Antonio M. ARAUJO
R. GALLEGOS M.
For Viet-Nam:
T.V. HUU
T. VINH
D. THANH
BUU KINH
For Japan:
Shigeru YOSHIDA
Hayato IKEDA
Gizo TOMABECHI
Niro HOSHIJIMA
Muneyoshi TOKUGAWA
Hisato ICHIMADA
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