第一題偵測古蹟的技術（不是夏威夷那篇）。本來用一種方法，現在有新的方法。
有談到加拿大和墨西哥的人種比較早
第二段講到人類的祖先尼德塔人的鑑定
V1.
講有一種新的定年法: 文章一開始先說明舊的放射性定年法的缺點, 主要是因為放射性
定年法對於年代過於久遠(14000年以上?)的東西會有偏差, 然後提出另一種新的定年法,
第二三段分別在陳述這種新的定年法的應用, 分別用在北美的原人和尼安德魯人的研究,
都可以帶來新的結果.
V2
radioactive carbon 作為考古方法有很大局限，它只能堅定40000年以內的，而且20000年
以上的古物很難找到可以用來鑒定的物質。某新方法則不同，已經應用於以前不能確定的
考古鑒定（第二段），而且有很大前景（第三段）。這個閱讀比較長。
背景資料補充
http://baike.baidu.com/view/185136.htm
找到一個C14研究尼安德特人的資料，大家瞭解一下C14的作用，有利於看文章,
注意C14的半衰期，還有跟C12比例
Using the Carbon Dating Clock (C14)
Technically the carbon dating process is very accurate, making precise
calculations according to a set formula. The clock itself works very well;
like a stop watch with meticulously manufactured cogs and wheels. The problems
come with the set up data fed into it, unless the calibrations are realistic
and accurate the clock is no good. For example if an extremely accurate clock
is set to the wrong time to start with no matter how accurate it is, the time
it shows will always be wrong. Or if a clock has its mechanism set to a 25
hour day calibration with accuracy down to one thousandth of a second, the time
it shows will always be useless to its owner.
So how has the important Carbon dating clock been set for dating Neanderthal
man? We shall examine the evidence which shows that this C14 dating process
as it is presently calibrated, is only good for dating things back 2-3,000
years.
Scientists claim they have accurately calculated the age of Neanderthal bones
by using this Radio Carbon C14 method. C14 is a type of carbon formed in the
upper atmosphere when cosmic radiation particles bombard it. It forms
radioactive carbon dioxide and from the atmosphere in minute quantities
through photosynthesis passes into plants and animals and so is absorbed by
all living things along the food chain. Natural carbon C12 is also present
in all living things but in much greater quantity. The ratio of C12 to its
minute cousin C14 is constant in all living things (today one C12 atom to
one billion C14 atoms).
The scientists have accepted the assumption that C14 has been forming in
the atmosphere constantly and continually for millions of years and that its
build up which they calculate would have taken 30,000 years has reached its
constant saturation point (the radiocarbon reservoir) and that as much C14
is now decaying as is being formed. C14 absorbed into any living thing during
its life time starts to decay once it dies. Half its amount of C14 decays away
in about 5,700 years, half of the remaining half decays away in a further
5,700 years and so on until immeasurably small. Once a plant or animal dies
it stops taking in C14 and it starts to decay at the above rate while C12
stays the same.
12/26之前的JJ 補充
其二：新技術，好像類似放射考古技術，可以測定幾萬年前的有機物。然後講技術在
北美考古的運用，這個技術和傳統技術的不同。講到技術的限制，只能測定多少萬年
之類的。題目問到這個技術不能測什麼。