推 cuhi :先推 才不會被說不認真... 06/08 21:17
http://xination.pixnet.net/blog/post/23266740
XD...這頁好長...錄快30分鐘
最後幾個字舌頭一直打結阿
尤其是ignominious
不過，這頁很重要唷!!
-------------------------------------------
icon
n.畫像,塑像 [ a picture, image, or other representation.]
n.聖像 [ Eastern Church. a representation of some sacred personage, as Christ
or a saint or angel, painted usually on a wood surface and venerated itself
as sacred.]
ps.icon這東西，在中世紀可是個宗教上的重要問題呢~
基督教的一次大分裂是在11世紀。西邊的羅馬天主教會和位於東邊的教會完全分離。被認
為最直接的原因是第四次十字軍東征攻下了君士坦丁堡的結果。但是文化差異其實是加速
分裂的主因，東邊是希臘文化和希臘語，西邊是拉丁文化和拉丁語。其中分裂的原因也包
括對基督教教義的看法不同，當然也政治上、權力上的鬥爭也有關係。
在拉丁文化中(應該說是源自於印歐民族)它們的觀念裡，是可以製作關於神的繪畫、雕像
的，所以在西邊的羅馬天主教，是不禁止對聖像崇拜的。相對的在東邊的拜占庭，因為受
到新興的伊斯蘭教的影響(閃族文化)，它們是禁止製作、與崇拜的唷，也認為藝術是上帝
的東西，不是人可以創作的。現在你還可以在俄羅斯等地的東正教裡，看到此一現象，裡
頭可沒有什麼宗教的彩繪玻璃之類的。
當時，還為了該不該禁止聖像崇拜發了"國際衝突"唷。
iconoclast
icon(image)-o-clast(Gk. breaker)
n.反對崇拜聖像者 [a breaker or destroyer of images, esp. those set up for
religious veneration.]
ps.在古代iconoclast通常指的是在8~9世紀，在拜占庭帝國中，破壞藝術品、神像的人，
因為他們認為神不是可以由人來創造的。
iconoclast:attack
攻擊傳統觀念的人攻擊
iconoclastic
icon-o-clast-ic
adj.反對崇拜聖像的
ideology
ide(=idea)-ology
n.意識形態 [the body of doctrine, myth, belief, etc., that guides an
individual, social movement, institution, class, or large group.]
ex. It's that the average Taiwanese CEO is a prisoner of ideology.
ex. it is guided by the dominant societal ideology
它受到主流社會觀念形態的支配。
(ideology這個字在newspaper中很常出現唷)
idiom
n.成語;習慣語 [an expression whose meaning is not predictable from the usual
meanings of its constituent elements, as kick the bucket(死去), or from the
general grammatical rules of a language, and that is not a constituent of a
larger expression of like characteristics.]
ex. 就如同中文講的「蘇州賣鴨蛋」=死了，其字義由原本組成的element是預測不出來
的。
idle
adj.不工作的;閒置的 [not working or active; doing nothing]
ex. Summer and hot weather make everyone feel idle.
ex. It would be idle to argue further.
再辯論下去也不會有什麼效果。
v.無所事事;閒混 [To pass time without working or while avoiding work.]
ps. 在windows的作業系統中，按下ctrl+alt+del會出現工作管理員，如果你仔細看會看
到"system idle process"這一項唷(實驗一下吧)。它這一相的意思就是指你的CPU目前還
有多少"閒置的資源"可以使用。
idolater
idol(n.偶像)-ater
n.偶像崇拜者 [One who worships idols.]
ps.1 idolatry n.偶像崇拜
ps.2 台視的節目「超級偶像」=Super Idol
idyll
n.田園詩 [A short poem or prose piece depicting a rural or pastoral scene,
usually in idealized terms.]
ex. 《Idylls of the king》是Alfred, Lord Tennyson(英國人)的作品，故事是寫有
關於亞瑟王--就是圓桌武士的故事。
n.田園畫 (with the three components - man, animal and the environment - in a
harmonious unity, preventing the picture from being either a landscape, or a
genre, or just an image of an animal.)
ps. idyll的風格，通常 emotional, sometimes sentimental.
也可以指在音樂上的風格--一般叫做"田園樂曲;牧歌"
idyll:carefree
igneous
igne(Gk. fire)-ous
adj.火成的(地質學的用詞) [produced under conditions involving intense heat,
as rocks of volcanic origin or rocks crystallized from molten magma.]
ex. Granite is igneous rocks .
ignite
igne(fire)-ite
v.點燃 [to set on fire]
ps. 1
一般想到點燃，應該為想到ignite與kindle這兩個字，其中的差別是：
kindle比較多用於無形的，比方說點燃我的勇氣，to kindle my courage.
ignite偏於實體上的點燃， to ignite my cigarette.
ps.2
打火機的英文叫 lighter唷，
而igniter比較像是用於機械的"點火裝置"
字首 in-
1.在..之內= in
indoor adj.室內的
inland adj.內陸的
2.進來、使呈...狀態= into (較強調動作) // en- 是變化型
income n.所得 [sth. come into ]
inflate v.充氣 [blow air into sth.]
inhale v.吸氣 [breathe into]
incentive adj.刺激的 [into - cant(sing) - ive -->令進入唱歌的狀態-->刺激]
infuriate v.激怒 [make sb. into fury]
incarnate v.賦予形體 [ into + carn (肉) + ate -->進入肉身]
3.在...狀態 = on the state of(較強調狀態)
inceptive adj.開始的 [on the state of cept(take) -->開始]
individual adj.個人的 [on the state of being divided]
4.否定not
inadequate adj.不充分的 [not adequate] adequate -->inadequate
incapable adj.不能的 [not capable] capable-->incapable
indolent adj.懶惰的 [not dolent(feel pain)] dolent -->indolent
ps.1
in(not解時)跟un的區別
un比較常用於字首字尾拆掉後還是一個完整的詞 ex：
unwonted un-wont(習慣)-ed
unabridge un-abridge
in比較多用於接字根 ex：
incapable in-cap-able
immaculate in-macul-ate
from 字典上的解釋
The negative prefix un- attaches chiefly to adjectives,(unable, unclean,
unequal, unripe, unsafe) and,participles(分詞) used as adjectives (unfeeling,
unflinching, unfinished, unsaid), and less frequently to nouns (unbelief,
unconcern, unrest).
un-主要接形容詞來使成否定型，un-Adj，或者接分詞un-Ving, un-P.P 來當作形容詞。
un- 比較少接名詞。
Sometimes the noun form of an adjective with the un- prefix has the prefix
in-, as in inability, inequality, injustice, and instability.
如果是un-Adj，有時候會有相對應的in-N ，例如 unequal --> inequality.
A few stems appear with both prefixes with distinctions of meaning. Inhuman
means "brutal, monstrous," while unhuman means "not of human form,
superhuman." ·
有些字根接un-與in-意思不同，比方說inhuman 與 unhuman.
When used with adjectives, un- often has a sense distinct from that of non-.
un-Adj 與non-Adj 的意思有很明顯的不一樣
Non- picks out the set of things that are not in the category denoted by the
stem to which it is attached.
non- 是表示"不在"範圍裡面；就像圈外人的概念。
un- picks out properties unlike those of the typical examples of the category.
un- 則表示"不像"這範圍裡的典型；在圈內，但跟大家所想的標準、理想不一樣。
Thus nonmilitary personnel are those who are not members of the military,
whereas someone who is unmilitary is unlike a typical soldier in dress,
habits, or attitudes.
non-military是指不在軍中的人
un-military指不像一般的軍人(在穿著上、習慣、態度)
ignorant
in-gnor(know)-ant [ng不好發音，因此n被省略了]
adj.無知的 [knowing little or nothing]
ex. The fact that you are so ignorant makes me feel pathetic.
你是如此的無知而讓我感到悲憐。(罵小白時可以用~)
ignorant <> erudite adj.博學的
review
----------------------------------------
字根
**cogn == know
cogn-ition n.認識 ex.認知心理學 = cognition psychology
cogn-itive a.認識的 ex. our cognitive world 我們所認識的世界
re-cogn-ize v.認出 [re做again解]
re-cogn-izable a.能認出的
re-cogn-ition n.認識
**gnos、gnor系列
agnostic adj.不可知論的(指對於上帝的存在是人不能知道的)
diagnose v.診斷
prognosis n.預知
ignore v.忽視
ignorant adj.無知的 [knowing little or nothing]
----------------------------------------
ignoble
in(g)-noble [in轉成ig去接，因為inn~的發音很討厭]
adj.卑鄙的;不光彩的 [Not noble in quality, character, or purpose; base or
mean.]
ex. To betray a friend is ignoble.
ps. Ig Nobel Prize=搞笑諾貝爾獎
其宗旨為「Every Ig Nobel Prize winner has done something that first makes
people LAUGH, then makes them THINK.」
ignominy
in-nomin(name)-y
n.恥辱 [Great personal dishonor or humiliation; shame.]
ex. she endured the ignominy of his abandoning her.(像是被出軌了..)
ex. suffered the ignominy of being sent to prison.
ignominious
in-nomin-i-ous
adj.可恥的
ex. the man who from vast dreams of literary fame descends to ignominious
hackwork.
從天才夢墮落為僱傭文人
ex. an ignominious treaty
屈辱性條約
--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 218.169.0.157