[字彙] page 300 ~～～

[xination (XINATION)]

http://xination.pixnet.net/blog/post/23997761


賀～終於300篇了！！





這會是一個結束，還是一個開始呢


malfeasance

mal(bad)-feas(do)-ance

n.瀆職 [the performance by a public official of an act that is legally unjustified, harmful, or contrary to law; wrongdoing]

  ps. malfeasance 指的是像市長、總統之類的public official作瀆職、違法的事情。

  ex. The mayor was condemned for the monstrous malfeasance.


review p.199

feasible

feas(do, make)-ible

adj.可行的;可實行的




malpractice

mal(bad)-practice

n.醫生誤診 [Mistakes or negligent conduct by a professional person, especially a physician, that results in damage to others, such as misdiagnosis of a serious illness.]

  ps.1 malpractice常用在「醫生誤診」，但也可以指律師、會計師失職等專業人士的失職。

  ps.2 (maybe 波波）



ps.

practitioner n.醫生、律師之類專業人士的開業者






malfunction

mal(bad)-function

n.發生故障;機能失常[failure to function properly]

  ps.可指的範圍較廣泛;機器，人體器官都可以

  ex. the malfunction of a rocket.

v.故障 [ to fail to function properly.]

  ex. The radiation can damage microprocessors and computer memories, causing them to malfunction.



閒聊：wardrobe malfunction 衣櫥故障了！

[a euphemistic term for an embarrassing display of a body part when clothing droops, falls]




c.f

dysfunction

dys(difficult,ill,bad)-function

n. 機能障礙 [ especially of a bodily system or social group;]

  ps.專用於「人」方面，比方說：身體器官、社會關係、人際關係有了什麼障礙

  ex. severe emotional dysfunction

  ex. sexual dysfunction
  性功能障礙




malice

mal(bad)-ice(noun suffix from French)

n.惡意 [desire to inflict injury, harm, or suffering on another, either because of a hostile impulse or out of deep-seated meanness]

  ex. "Please don't bear me malice because I can't accede to your wish," said he, with a melancholy smile.
  「請不要恨我不能滿足你的願望」，他露出惆悵的微笑。

  bear me malice/ bear malice to me 對我生恨





malicious

mal(bad)-ice-ous

adj.惡意的 [ full of, characterized by, or showing malice; malevolent]

  ex. malicious software
  惡意軟體 (see wiki)







malign

mal-benign

v.誹謗 [to speak harmful untruths about; speak evil of; slander; defame]

  ex. to malign an honorable man.

adj.惡意的 [having or showing an evil disposition; malevolent; malicious.]

  ex. She gave him a malign look.

  ex.a malign tumor  惡性腫瘤


ps.

mal-ign  adj.惡意的 v.誹謗

ben-ign  adj.仁慈的 [showing or expressive of gentleness or kindness]


brief review and 有加一些補充

---------------------------------------

**說壞話 ex.亂說別人沒有忠誠or是漢奸之類的

to attack the good name or reputation with false and malicious statements
asperse         v.誹謗; 灑聖水
        有 spread unfavorable charges的意味
calumniate
        v.誹謗
        口語上的誹謗
defame  v.誹謗
        用 misrepresentation的方式
libel   v.誹謗
                用文字或圖畫
malign
        v.誹謗          強調惡意"malicious intent"
slander
        v.誹謗          口語上的誹謗 ...from scandal n.醜聞
traduce         v.誹謗          還有 humiliation的意味
vilify  v.誹謗          to deliberate,vicious defamation

---------------------------------------






malinger

mal-linger

v.裝病以逃避工作、職責 [to pretend illness, esp. in order to shirk one's duty, avoid work, etc.]

  ex. She was told by her doctor that she was malingering.
  她被她的醫生說，她正在裝病。


聯想：mal(bad) + linger(逗留, 徘徊)  不當的逗留來逃避工作

字源：malinger的 linger是古法文的heingre而來的，它的意思是sickly。所以在早期有當surfer,也有當 pretend to be ill.





malleable

malle(=mallet;hammer)-able

adj.有延展性的 [Capable of being shaped or formed, as by hammering or pressure]

  ex. a malleable metal.

  ex. the young are more malleable than the old.


字源：L mallea-bilis,= malle(a-re) to hammer (deriv. of L malleus hammer) + -a-bilis -able



review

gavel    n.小木槌(法官、拍賣用的)  [gave給，l ( 在空中畫出的曲線 )]

gravel   n.砂礫




mammal

mamma(mama)-al

n.哺乳動物

  ex. The whale is the largest mammal in all creation.
  鯨是全世界最大的哺乳動物。


字源：在拉丁文中mamma 指的是breast乳房，哺乳類的動物會吃奶...





mammoth

adj.長毛象(也稱猛?象) [ any large, elephantlike mammal of the extinct genus Mammuthus, from the Pleistocene Epoch, having hairy skin and ridged molar teeth.]

adj.巨大的


字源：從俄文來的，mammot，原來用來指在西伯利亞找到的動物遺骸。






brief review
---------------------------------------

mend v.修正


amend           v.修正

amendment    n.修正案   // revision


emend  v.校正

  commend   v.稱讚

recommend   v.推薦


c.f

字根 mand  == 命令 order

mandatory  a.命令的、強制的

command   v.命令

---------------------------------------


mandate

mand(command)-ate

n.命令 [An authoritative command or instruction.]

  ex. The government gives the police a mandate to reduce crime.
  政府命令警方進一步打擊犯罪活動.

  ps. mandate of heaven 天命




mandatory

mand-atory

adj.命令的; 強制的(義務的) [authoritatively ordered; obligatory; compulsory]

  ex. It is mandatory that all students take two years of math.
  每個學生要接受兩年的數學課，這是強制的。

  ex. It's mandatory to pay taxes.
  繳稅是義務性的





mangle

v.嚴重損傷 [to injure severely, disfigure, or mutilate by cutting, slashing, or crushing]

  ex. He was badly mangled in an automobile accident.
  他在一次車禍中被壓得血肉模糊。

  ex. The coat sleeve was mangled in the gears of the machine.

  ps. 還有「軋布機」的意思唷...看看就好了


音： mangle -- 面勾到了...血肉模糊

字源：mangle 的字義，在很早的時候跟"engine of war"有關



c.f

mingle v.使混合  [from mix]













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