[美國] 5-4：最高法院裁定ACA核憲

[ncyc (ラチェットのために)]

除國會強制各州擴展Medicaid被裁定違憲(比數7-2)，最高法院以微弱多數裁定健
保改革法案ACA其他爭議條款合憲，強制購買條款被裁定為國會徵稅權。

真正出乎意料的是，此次關鍵票是素來被認為保守的美國首席大法官約翰．羅伯茲
。羅伯茲首席大法官與四位自由派大法官布瑞耶、卡根、金士堡與索托馬約組成微
弱多數同意聯邦政府的論點，並且親自執筆判決書。而過去被認為是關鍵票的甘迺
迪大法官則與史卡利亞、托馬斯與阿利托提出反對意見。


Jun 28, 10:17 AM EDT
High court upholds key part of Obama health law
By MARK SHERMAN
Associated Press

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The Supreme Court on Thursday upheld the individual
insurance requirement at the heart of President Barack Obama's historic
health care overhaul.

The decision means the huge overhaul, still only partly in effect, will
proceed and pick up momentum over the next several years, affecting the way
that countless Americans receive and pay for their personal medical care. The
ruling also hands Obama a campaign-season victory in rejecting arguments that
Congress went too far in requiring most Americans to have health insurance or
pay a penalty.

Chief Justice John Roberts announced the court's judgment that allows the law
to go forward with its aim of covering more than 30 million uninsured
Americans.

The justices rejected two of the administration's three arguments in support
of the insurance requirement. But the court said the mandate can be construed
as a tax. "Because the Constitution permits such a tax, it is not our role to
forbid it, or to pass upon its wisdom or fairness," Roberts said.

The court found problems with the law's expansion of Medicaid, but even there
said the expansion could proceed as long as the federal government does not
threaten to withhold states' entire Medicaid allotment if they don't take
part in the law's extension.

The court's four liberal justices, Stephen Breyer, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Elena
Kagan and Sonia Sotomayor, joined Roberts in the outcome.

Justices Samuel Alito, Anthony Kennedy, Antonin Scalia and Clarence Thomas
dissented.

"The act before us here exceeds federal power both in mandating the purchase
of health insurance and in denying non-consenting states all Medicaid
funding," the dissenters said in a joint statement

http://goo.gl/nnJhp

--
http://www.plurk.com/ncyc
英美影集、美國新聞、小說同人誌、動畫漫畫感想、瑣事與心情雜記
Plurk(試用)

http://www.popo.tw/books/37398
連載的創作．缺乏人氣的PoPo專欄

--
※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 114.32.131.92
推 xender:恭喜歐巴馬
→ ncyc:倒不一定，GOP利用判決作為造勢點幾乎是肯定的
→ swatteam:各自宣稱勝利?
→ DingLey:大法官都是用來釋憲的
推 oplz:Romney 在麻州就率先實施了全民健保了..很難要他出來打自己臉
→ oplz:恭喜美國向文明國家方向跨出第一步..
→ ncyc:差不多，歐巴馬曾經說強制購買保險不是稅，羅伯茲說這就是稅
→ ncyc:GOP不只批評這點，同時呼籲反對健保的選民在十一月投票給他們
→ ncyc:最高法院現在是把整個健保推回民選部門去吵，而且Swing Vote
→ ncyc:是羅伯茲，也不能說這是Partisan rule，我猜有可能是羅伯茲安
→ ncyc:排或是有意為之
※ 編輯: ncyc            來自: 114.32.131.92        (06/29 08:55)
推 oplz:不管怎樣吵 終究是合憲 兩院通過 一定得上路了.
→ oplz:GOP 想把失敗轉換成選舉利多是意料中的事..
→ oplz:美國健保公司多年利用壟斷的地位歧視且選擇性地吃定投保人.
推 oplz:現在終於防線要被攻破了.
推 yeh67:少了一個動搖國本的選舉議題，美國最高法院保衛國家利益。
→ schooldance:所以最高法院認定健保費實際是"健保稅"囉?
→ ncyc:羅伯茲認定是稅(自由派四位大法官不盡贊同)，不讓行政部門用
→ ncyc:州際通商條款。另外一方面，行政部門必須堅持是罰款，不是稅
→ ncyc:否則會被攻擊是變相加稅(實際上反對黨也的確是這麼幹得)
→ ncyc:白宮現在面對的另一個麻煩是無法強迫用撥款扣減強迫紅州擴展
→ ncyc:Medicaid(扣減既有撥款以強迫擴張Medicaid被認定國會不當擴權
推 schooldance:看來紅州還會繼續抵制,繼續看熱鬧:p
→ schooldance:最近大選又要做民調了吧?
推 oplz:不管名義如何 現在已經確定強制全民納入保險合憲 聯邦有權這
→ oplz:樣做.. 這是 obamacare 的最重要部分. medicaid 其實還好