[新聞] 蘇丹國會同意南部舉行獨立公投

[qilai (合眾國的榮華也該到頭了)]

標題:Sudan MPs pass key referendum law


新聞來源:http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8433738.stm (須有正確連結)


Sudan's parliament has passed a key law paving the way for a referendum on
independence for the oil-rich south.

The move ends months of wrangling between the north and south about how the
referendum should be conducted.

Last week, southern politicians walked out of parliament in a row over where
southerners would be able to vote.

The referendum, scheduled for January 2011, is a crucial part of the peace
deal signed nearly five years ago which ended two decades of civil war.

The 2005 peace agreement saw President Omar al-Bashir's northern National
Congress Party (NCP) going into government with former Sudan People's
Liberation Movement (SPLM) rebels from the south.

It is widely predicted that the south will vote for independence but there
are concerns that tensions will increase in the run-up to the referendum and
a general election in April.


'Second-class citizens'

Mr Bashir and SPLM leader Salva Kiir reached a deal on the referendum earlier
this month in crisis talks that followed angry demonstrations by southerners
about electoral reforms.

But when northern politicians tried to amend a section of the referendum bill
about where people could vote last week, southern MPs walked out of
parliament.

This prompted the United States to put pressure on the NCP.

The law passed on Tuesday now stipulates that southerners living in the north
will be allowed to vote there if they were born after 1956 but those born
before that date will have to register and vote in the south.

The SPLM had feared the north would manipulate the vote if southerners who
had not lived in southern Sudan since independence in 1956 had been allowed
to vote anywhere.

"Anybody can claim: yes I have my grandparents from the south... unless you
go and verify yourself in southern Sudan, this can be abused," SPLM MP Aligu
Manawa told the BBC's Focus on Africa programme.

BBC Africa analyst Mary Harper says Sudan's politicians try - in public at
least - to talk of enduring unity and good relations between the north and
south.

But they sometimes slip up and Mr Kiir recently warned southerners that if
they voted against independence they would become second-class citizens in
their own country, she says.

There are also problems regarding the border between the north and south, as
the status of some areas has not yet been clearly defined.

And there are serious tensions in southern Sudan, with different ethnic
groups fighting over land.

More than 2,000 people have been killed and 250,000 people displaced this
year alone.

The 22-year war between the mainly Muslim north and the Christian and animist
south claimed the lives of some 1.5 million people.

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