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Question1
Ethologists and psychoanalysts AGREE that
a. the id is impulsive and pleasure-centered.
b. young children act as if they were well disciplined.
c. children and animals ought to be studied outdoors.
d. early experiences are important for development.
Question2
Which statement best describes infants' visual acuity?
a. It is presently impossible to assess acuity in infants.
b. Acuity is innate, and the neonate's vision is as sharp and clear as
adults'.
c. Acuity is blurry at birth, improving to adult levels by the first
birthday.
d. Acuity is blurry at birth, gradually improving to adult levels by age
twelve.
Question3
"Adaptation" has many varied meanings, but to Piaget, adaptation meant
a. modifying the organism's genotype.
b. making adjustments in response to the environment's demands.
c. habituating to the environment's stabilities.
d. minimizing parent/child conflicts through discussion.
Question4
Which of these periods of prenatal development is shortest, covering the
fewest days?
a. Fetal period.
b. Embryonic period.
c. All are of equal duration.
d. Period of the zygote.
Question5
How do crawling infants (ages six months and above) respond to the "visual
cliff"?
a. Over 90% prefer the shallow side.
b. Holding a parent's hand greatly increases the number who will crawl off
the center board.
c. Most refuse to move but will follow another baby.
d. Most refuse to budge from the center board.
Question 6
Which of these is NOT among the several shortcomings of interviews or
questionnaires?
a. Results may be inconsistent for children and parents.
b. Young preschoolers might misunderstand the questions.
c. Self-report techniques generate a lot of data.
d. Subjects may lie about their own actions.
Question 7
Developmentalists disagree on the extent to which children contribute
directly to their own development. This is known as the ____ issue.
a. continuity/discontinuity
b. ego/superego
c. active/passive
d. nature/nurture
Question 8
Piaget's clinical method for research resembles
a. interviewing.
b. a literature review.
c. experimentation.
d. the correlational method.
Question 9
According to dynamical systems theory, the infant's motivation to acquire
movement skills is to
a. compete with others of the same age.
b. win praise or recognition from parents.
c. move toward visually interesting goal objects.
d. generate movements to prevent stiffness in limbs.
Question 10
In Piaget's cognitive theory, adaptation is the outcome of which processes?
a. Centration and decentration.
b. Horizontal decalage and vertical decalage.
c. Accommodation and assimilation.
d. Dilation and contraction.
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