課程名稱：經濟學
課程性質：必修
課程範圍：ECONOMICS PARKIN Ch1-Ch5
開課教師：朱美麗老師
開課學院：社科院
開課系級：經整開
考試日期(年月日)：2008/11/17
考試時限(Mins)：10:10-12:00
試題本文：
一、選擇題(每題2%，共計20%)：
選擇題請按照下列格式，將答案書寫在答案卷。
1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. ( )
6. ( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( ) 9. ( ) 10. ( )
1) All economic questions arise because
A) people are greedy.
B) production possibilities are unlimited.
C) we want more than we can get.
D) people are irrational.
2) What are the four categories into which factors of production are grouped?
A) profit, wages, rent, and interest
B) land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship
C) capital, human capital, land, and labor
D) entrepreneurship, profit, labor, and wages
3) Suppose the country of Popcorn produces only jets and corn.
If Popcorn cannot produce any more jets without giving up corn, we say that
Popcorn has achieved
A) the highest marginal benefit.
B) production efficiency.
C) the lowest marginal cost.
D) the highest opportunity cost.
4) Comparative advantage is
A) the ability to perform an activity at a lower opportunity cost than anyone
else.
B) the ability to perform an activity at a higher opportunity cost than anyone
else.
C) the ability to perform an activity at a zero opportunity cost.
D) identical to absolute advantage.
5) For many goods, the price elasticity of demand increases over time because
A) people’s incomes tend to increase over time.
B) inflation increases all prices and incomes over time.
C) the ability to find substitutes for a good whose price has risen increases
over time.
D) None of the above answers is correct.
6) Allocative efficiency occurs when the quantity produced is such that the
A) marginal social cost is greater than marginal social benefit.
B) marginal social benefit is greater than marginal social cost.
C) marginal social cost equals marginal social benefit.
D) None of the above answers is correct.
7) In goods markets
A) households sell to firms. In factor markets firms sell to households.
B) firms sell to households. In factor markets households sell to firms.
C) and in factor markets households sell to firms.
D) and in factor markets firms sell to households.
8) As an economy’s capital stock increases, the economy
A) generally decides to engage in international trade.
B) experiences economics growth.
C) generally experiences increased unemployment of other resources, such as
labor.
D) gains an absolute advantage in the production of capital goods.
9) The cross elastic of demand for pizza with respect to the price of a soda is
A) negative because the goods are complements.
B) positive because the goods are complements.
C) positive because the goods are substitutes.
D) negative because the goods are substitutes.
10) About six months ago, Pat lost the job as vice president of a local bank.
Since losing the job, Pat still has the Saturday newspaper delivered every
week.For Pat, the Saturday newspaper is
A) price inelastic.
B) income inelastic.
C) a normal good because Pat still buys the paper even with a big loss of income.
D) one of life’s few remaining luxuries.
二、計算題(30%)：
1. 假設你從南部上來台北念書或是工作，如果你選擇就讀政治大學，你便無法去超商全
職工作(月薪18000元)或是在其他公司工作(月薪20000元)。而就讀政治大學每學期要支付
學費20000元、食物費用一個月5000元、租屋費用一個月7000元。此外，當你就讀政大，政
府編列預算給學校，平均每位學生一學期50000元。請問你就讀政大四年的貨幣成本、時間
成本、外在成本與機會成本各是多少？(8%)
2. Jordan與Brian的生產能力分別如下表所示：(22%)
Jordan的生產可能組合
麵包(每小時個數) 衣服(每小時件數)
40 and 0
0 and 4
Brian的生產可能組合
麵包(每小時個數) 衣服(每小時件數)
80 and 0
0 and 4
(1) 原先兩人分別皆花費30分鐘來生產麵包，30分鐘來生產衣服，未專業化生產之前，兩
人每小時所生產兩種商品的產量各為何？(4%)
(2) Jordan生產一個麵包和一件衣服的機會成本分別為何？(4%)
(3) Brian生產一個麵包和一件衣服的機會成本分別為何？(4%)
(4) Jordan與Brian各自的比較利益在那一種商品的生產？為什麼？(4%)
(5) 若兩人專業化生產各自具有比較利益的產品，並且以1件衣服交換15個麵包來交易，
則貿易後兩人所擁有的兩種商品數量分別為何？(4%)
(6) Jordan與Brian的貿易利得分別為何？(2%)
三、簡答題(20%)：
1.根據下列幾種情況，來分析需求彈性大小，並說明其原因。(12%)
(1)百貨公司週年慶，特價優惠 ：特價商品的需求彈性
(2)降價也沒人買，花業今年很慘：花卉的需求彈性
(3)對學生而言，老師指定的原文書只有一家書商代理：原文教科書的需求彈性
2. 通過原點的直線型供給線，其供給彈性值為何？為什麼？請輔以圖形說明解釋之。(8%)
四、應用分析題(30%)
國際油價強彈 本週油價看漲
由於國際油價走高，本週六凌晨台灣中油調整油價時將面臨漲價壓力，調高幅度將視週二
至週四的國際油價而定，不過，據保守估計，每公升調高一．五元恐怕跑不掉。 民國97年9月26日
巴西甘蔗替代能源 值得借鏡
國際油價不斷飆漲，身處資源逐漸枯竭的時代，各國其實都在努力尋找替代能源。南美洲
的「巴西」，早在七○年代就已經研究「甘蔗」來生產酒精燃料，除了作為替代能源、也
可以減少污染，甚至還可以依國際糖價，隨時調整酒精生產比例。 民視新聞網，民國96年11月5日
1.若油價調漲，且國際鋼材價格上揚，在其他條件不變之下，請問國內汽車市場的供需如
何變動？市場的均衡價格以及均衡數量又將如何變動？請輔以圖形分析之。(10%)
2.假設Toyota汽車之車價便宜20％時，民眾對其需求量會增加40％。現在如果Toyota車廠
決定再調整價格以提昇營收，其中A部門主管認為應降價5％，而B部門主管則認為應提高
價格5％，請問你認為哪一位主管所說的比較合理？(8%)
3.根據第二則新聞報導，請以經濟學的角度來說明酒精燃料與石油這兩種能源的關係是互
補或替代。若全球已普及使用酒精燃料，並且廣泛應用於運輸業，在其他條件不變之下，
請問當酒精燃料價格下跌時，對航空業的載客量有何影響？(6%)
4. 若汽車市場的供需如下：
市場需求Qd＝100－2/3P
市場供給Qs＝-50＋P
請以供需圖形，標明生產者剩餘以及消費者剩餘，並且計算其值分別為多少？(6%)
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