課程名稱︰物理化學一
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰戴子安
開課學院：工學院
開課系所︰化工系
考試日期（年月日）︰2011/12/5
考試時限（分鐘）：120
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
1.(20 points) Explain the following terms. Use graphs if necessary.
(a) entropy changes for a system and its surrounding.
(b) Boltzmann hypothesis for entropy.
(c) The 3rd law of thermodynamics. (d) Otto engine.
(e) the fundamental equations of thermodynamics.
(f) Maxwell relation. (g) the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation.
(h) the Gibbs energy as a function of pressure for ideal and real gas.
(i) at high pressure, the relation between the activity of a pure solid
and pressure.
(j) the Gibbs-Duhem equation.
2.(10 points) A sample of K(s) (potassium) of mass 2.38g undergoes combustion
in a constant volume calorimeter. The calorimeter constant is 1849(J/K), and
the measured temperature rise in the inner water bath containing 1450g of water
is 2.91K. Calculate ΔUf°and ΔHf°for K20(s) (potassium oxide)
The molar mass of the element potassium is given as 39(g/mol)
3.(10 points) Calculate ΔS, ΔS(surrounding),ΔS(total) and when the volume of
123g of CO (MW = 28) initially at 298K and 1bar increase by a factor of four in
(a) an adiabatic reversible expansion,
(b) an expansion against vaccum,
(c) an isothermal reversible expansion.
_
Take Cp to be constant at the value 29.14(J/mol) and assume ideal gas behavior.
State whether each process is spontaneous. The temperature of surrounding is
298K.
4.(10 points) For a VDW gas, its fugacity has a simple expression if only the
2nd virial coefficient is used. To this degree of approximation, derive the
_ _ _ _ _ _
expression for G, S, A, U, H, V.
5.(10 points) Derive the efficiency,ε for an Otto engine.
6.(10 points) Calculate the change in entropy when 100g of (a) water at 0℃
(b) ice at at 0℃ in an insulated container.
7.(10 points) Calculate the maximum non-expansion work that can be obtained
from the freezing of supercooled water at -20℃ and 1.0 atm and
ρwater = 0.999(g/cm^3), ρice = 0.917(g/cm^3),
_ _
Cp(water) = 75.3(J/K*mol), Cp(ice) = 36.8(J/K*mol),
_
and Δ(fus)H°= -6004(J/mol) (water at 0℃)
(some of these information are used in question 7)
8.(20 points)
_ _
(a) For a van der Waals gas, derive the relation for Cp - Cv,
_
δH
(b) For a VDW gas, derive the expression for its (----)
δP (T),
A
δ(---)
T
(c) Show [--------] = U
1 (V)
δ(---)
T
δP
(d) Show that TdS = CvdT + T(-----) dV
δT (V)
--
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◆ From: 140.112.22.94
※ 編輯: tsf73 來自: 140.112.25.106 (12/05 16:24)
※ 編輯: tsf73 來自: 140.112.25.106 (12/06 14:43)