課程名稱︰西洋文學概論一
課程性質︰必帶/與西概二、歐洲文學四選三
課程教師︰古佳艷 (姜台芬班)
開課學院：文學院
開課系所︰外文系
考試日期（年月日）︰102.12.12
考試時限（分鐘）：60分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
[姜台芬班至古佳艷老師處上課的考題]
[範圍：Iliad - Book 1,6,8,9,16,18,22,24(課本選錄部分)]
I. Identification 30%
1. Who says these words?
I should have died first.
This is now the twentieh year
Since I went away and left my home,
And I have never had an unkind word from you.
If anyone in the house ever taunted me,
Any of my husband's brothers or sisters,
Of his mother -- my father-in-law was kind always --
You would draw them aside and calm them
With your gentle heart and gentle words.
2. Who is the speaker of this passage?
The girl is mine, and she'll be an old woman in Argos
Before I let her go, working the loom in my house
And coming to my bed, far from her homeland.
Now clear out of here before you make me angry!
3. Who is the speaker of these words?
Remember your father, godlike Achilles.
He and I both are on the doorstep
Of old age. He may well be now
Surrounded by enemies wearing him down
And have no one to protect him from harm.
But then he hears that you are still alive
And his heart rejoices, and he hopes all his days
To see his dear son come back from Troy.
4. Who is the speaker of this passage?
Do lions make peace treaties with men?
Do wolves and lambs agree to get along?
No, they hate each other to the core
And that's how it is between you and me.
No talk of agreements until one of us
Falls and gluts Ares with his blood.
5. Who is this person at work?
She found him at his bellows, glazed with sweat
As he hurried to complete his latest project,
Twenty cauldrons on tripods to line his hall,
With golden wheels at the base of each tripod
So they could move by themselves at the gods' parties
And return to his house -- a wonder to see.
6. Whose pitiable fate is this passage foreshadowing?
When a young man is killed in war,
Even thought his body is slashed with bronze,
He lies there beautiful in death, noble.
But when the dogs maraud and old man's head,
Griming his white hair and beard and private parts,
There's no human fate more pitiable.
7. Who is this speaking young man?
Don't you fear the fury of the Achaeans,
Your ruthless enemies, who are close at hand?
If one of them should see your bearing such treasure
Through the black night, what would you do?
You are not yound, sir, and your companion is old,
Unable to defend you if someone starts a fight,
But I will do you no harm and protect you
From others. You remind me of my own dear father.
8. Who says this prayer?
Zeus and all gods: grant that this my son
Become, as I am, foremost among Trojans,
Brave and strong, and ruling Ilion with might.
And may men say he is far better than his fater
When he returns from war, bearing bloody sopils,
Having killed his man. And may his mother rejoice.
9. Who is compared to a glorious horse in this passage?
Picture a horse that has fed on barley in his stall
Breaking his halter and galloping across the plain,
Making for his accustomed swim in the river,
A glorious animal, head held high, mane streaming
Like wind on his shoulders. Sure of his splendor
He prances by the horse-runs and the mares in pasture.
10. Who is speaking?
I made you what you are, my godlike Achilles
And loved you from my heart. You wouldn't eat,
Whether it was at a feast or a meal in the house
Unless I set you on my lap and cut your food up
And fed it to you and held the wine to your lips.
11. Which ambassador of Agamemnon says these words to Achilles?
But if Agamemnon is too hateful to you,
Himself and his gifts, think of all the others
Suffering up and down the line, and of the glory
You will win from them. They will honor you
Like a god. And don't forget Hector.
You just might get him now.
12. Who says these words?
I will do all of this if he will give up his grudge.
And he should. Only Hades cannot be appeased,
Which is why of all gods mortals hate him most.
And he should submit to me, in as much as I
Am more of a king and can claim to be elder.
13. Who says this prayer?
Hear me, Silverbow, Protector of Chryse,
Lord of Holy Cilla, Master of Tenedos,
As once before you heard my prayer,
Did me honor, and smote the Greek mightily,
So now also grant me this prayer: Lift the plague
From the Greeks and save them from death.
14. Who is giving Agamemnon advice?
I tried to dissuade you, but you gave in
To your pride and dishonored a great man
Whom the immortals esteem. You took this prize
And keep it still. But it is not too late. Even now
We must think of how to win him back
With appeasing gifts and soothing words.
15. What is happening around the body of Sarpedon?
Sarpedon's body was indistinguishable
Form the blood and grime and splintered spears
That littered his body form head to foot.
But if you have ever seen how flies
Cluster about the brimming milk pails
On a dairy farm in early summer,
You will have some idea of the throng
Around Sarpedon's corpse.
II. Definition: Explain any FOUR of the terms below. 20%
1. Meleager
2. Niobe
3. xenia
4. Bellerophon
5. digression
6. epithet
III. Short-Answer Questions: [按：老師建議每題寫150字左右]
(1) Answer ONE of the following three. 30%
1. The Iliad at first may strike you as strange and foreign. Harold
Bloom, a great contemporary literary critic, ascribes this
strangeness to two ways in which the world of the Iliad is different
from our world: the Greek gods and the role of Greek fate. Do you
agree with him? What inspirational messages do you think the Iliad
brings to the contemporary reader?
2. In traditional versions of the story of the Trojan War, the way to
start is by talking about "the judgment of Paris,"in which Paris has
to choose the goddess who should receive the golden apple inscribed
"To the Fairest." He must choose between Hera, Athena, and
Aphrodite, and his "reward" of Helen of Troy is the immediate cause
of the Trojan War. The Iliad, as we have seen, begins instead with
the quarrel between Agamemnon and Achilles. How does beginning with
this quarrel instead of the Judgment of Paris shift the focus of
the story?
3. What is the significance of Achilles' new shield? How do you relate
it to the entire epic? How do the figures on the shield mirror or
double the experiences of the heroes in the Iliad?
(2) Answer ONE of the questions below. 20%
4. Who are Prayers and Folly in the story told by Phoenix to Achilles
in Book 9? What do they have to do with Achilles' quarrel with
Agamemnon?
5. Explain in your own words this extraordinary simile that
illustrates Achilles' shocked astonishment when he finds King Priam
in his tent:
Passion sometimes blinds a man so completely
That he kills one of his own countrymen.
In exile, he comes into a wealthy house,
And everyone stares at him with wonder.
(ll. 511-514, XXII)
6. Describe an episode or a scene in the Iliad that you think is the
most powerfully moving.
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