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課程名稱︰世界史三 課程性質︰必修 課程教師︰陳慧宏 開課學院:文學院 開課系所︰歷史系 考試日期(年月日)︰99/01/13 考試時限(分鐘):120分鐘 是否需發放獎勵金:yes (如未明確表示,則不予發放) 試題 : 1.請翻譯以下一段文字(17分) Western Civilization,頁419(一版),或頁393(二版) Although monarchs continued to meet with opposition from the various estates within their realms, they increasingly asserted their power as absolute rulers .warfare remained the chief instrument of European foreign policy. But slowly the notion of a diplomatic and military "balence of power" began to displace the pursuit of unrestrained aggrandizement as the primary goal of European state relations. 以上所言,在前後文是指十七至十八世紀。請再說明"absolute rulers"的背景成因, 亦即"absolutism"的時代意義,以及以實例申論"balence of power"的狀況。(17分) 2.以下一段文字,亦出現於上課投影片第一主題文藝復興的第一次(pdf檔案頁六), 請問這段話主要的意思及目的為何?(10分) Hunt,The Making of the West,508: Dominant for a long time, Burckhardt's ideas have been strongly revised by scholars.Some point out the many continuities between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance;others argue that the Renaissance was not a secular but a profoundly religious age; and still others see the Renaissance as only the beginning of a long period of transition from the Middle Ages to modernity. The consensus among scholars is that the Renaissance represents a distinct cultural period lasting from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century,centered on the revival of classical learning and spreading from Italy to northern Europe. Historians disagree about the significance of this cultural rebirth for society at large, but they generally understand it to represent some of the complex changes that characterized the passing of medieval society to modernity. 對照同書頁506之「新時代精神」(同一主檔案之下一張投影片),請討論此本教科書 對文亦復興的時代定義為何,或其如何討論?(12分) 這個定義的內容,與 western civilizations之第十二章,有何主要的異同?(12分) 3.在本課程第三主題宗教改革所閱讀的western civilizations之第十三章,作者如何 「在開頭定義」(17分),和「在結尾處總結」The Reformation? (17分) 4.在本學期閱讀範圍,總共有以下部份討論奴隸貿易: The Making of the West,頁539,648,667-672 western civilizations,頁447-448,頁480-482。 從哥倫布時期的海洋時代,到大西洋三角貿易的時候,奴隸貿易有怎樣的發展或演變? (14分) 啟蒙時代對奴隸制度的諸多聲音為何?這些聲音是反應啟蒙時代的偏狹還是多元? 可討論課本的內容,並申論自己的想法。(20分) 5.在western civilizations頁474-475,啟蒙時代的寫作有哪三項基本特色或共同主題 (20分)其中第三項所的到"scientic method"是指什麼,請以科學革命那章所討論 的某一歷史人物(例如笛卡兒、培根、牛頓)來說明(14分) 6.普魯士的腓特烈威廉一世,和腓特烈大帝,在十八世紀建構了如何的開明專制政權? (17分) 俄羅斯的彼得大帝更以「西化」或現代化作為興建俄羅斯沙皇政權的重要策略, 他如何作?此策略是否反應了西歐在文藝復興時代以來的成就,亦即西歐代表之 「西方模式」之興起?請申論 (17分) 每題以34分計,總分102分。以上共六題,必答三題。 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 140.112.4.192