課程名稱︰希臘哲學
課程性質︰選修
課程教師︰楊植勝
開課學院：文學院
開課系所︰哲學系
考試日期（年月日）︰2010.11.09.
考試時限（分鐘）：120分鐘 (+10分鐘)
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
翻譯題（45分）
以下英文出自Anthony Gottlieb, The Dream of Reason:A History of Philosophy
from the Greeks to the Renaissance (W. W. Norton & Company,Inc.,2002)，出處頁
碼註明於每一句末尾，參考其上下文脈絡譯為可理解的中文(句中人名毋須中譯)。
全部四提，任選其中三題回答，每題15分；回答超過三題者，以得分較低之三題記分
這是翻譯題，不要用全盤改寫的方式作答
1. Computer languages, for example, stem from what was long regarded as the
most tedious invention of philosophers, namely formal logic. A small but
typical example of how 'philosophy' sends out new shoots is to be found in
the case of Georg Cantor, a nineteenth-century German mathematician. His
research on the subject of infinity was at first written off by his
scientific colleagues as mere 'philosophy' because it seemed so bizarre,
abstract and pointless. Now it is taught in schools under the name of
set-theory (p.viii)
2. Clown: What is the opinion of Pythagoras concerning wild-fowl? Malvolio:
That the soul of our grandam might inhabit a bird. Clown: What thinkest thou
of his opinion? Malvolio: I think nobly of the soul, and no way approve of
his opinion. Clown: Fare thee well; remain thou still in darkness: thou
shalt hold the opinion of Pythagoras ere I will allow of thy wits; and fear
to kill a woodcock lest thou dispossess the soul of thy grandam. (p.21)
3. During the long war with Sparta, Athenians had grown increasingly nervous
about the home front. It was felt that intellectuals were weakening Athenian
society by undermining its traditional views and value. Well might a man who
captivated idle youths with his questioning about justice have aroused
suspicion. (p.137)
4. Although, he claims, 'the arguments never come out of me; they always come
from the person I am talking with', he acknowledges that he is 'at a slight
advantage in having the skill to get some account of the matter from
another's wisdom and entertain it with fair treatment'. He aptly describes
himself as an intellectual midwife, whose questioning delivers the thought
of others into the light of day. (p.140)
問答題（60分）
以下全部四題，任選其中三題回答，每題滿分為20分；回答超過三題者，以得分較高之三
題計分
1. 最早的希臘史家著作裏記載了很多哲學家的荒謬傳聞，這有什麼意義--哲學最重要的
是哲學家所提出來的命題及其論證；哲學的學習者自當就事論事，因理析理，勿因人
而廢言，哲學家的生平干哲學什麼事？
2. Gottlieb的《理性之夢》(The Dream of Reason)說Pythagoreans的「精神的救贖」
(spiritual salvation)的概念可以被戲稱為(parodied)為：要得永生就研究數學
(if you want to live forever, study mathematics, see page 25)。為什麼研究數
學才能「得永生」？研究政治不行嗎？研究股票不行嗎？
3. 蘇格拉底說生活(life)未經檢驗是不值得活的。《理性之夢》裏說他對待神諭
(oracle)的態度也一樣：神諭未經檢驗是不值得接受的。當Delphi的太陽神神廟裏的
神諭說沒有人比蘇格拉底「更有知」(σοφωτερου, sophoteron)。這個神諭
未經檢驗的意義是什麼？經過蘇格拉底的檢驗以後的真義又是什麼？
4. 在柏拉圖的對話錄Meno裏，記載了蘇格拉底教導一個奴隸小孩畢氏定理(theorem of
Pythagoras)的過程。如果真正的蘇格拉底與柏拉圖所描寫的蘇格拉底是有差異的，那
麼我們可以問：柏拉圖寫這個故事是要證明什麼？真正的蘇格拉底在這個故事裏表現
出來的又是什麼？就你對這兩位哲學家的瞭解回答這個問題！
考試時可參閱自己所帶之任何書籍資料
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