課程名稱︰知覺心理學
課程性質︰心理系選修
課程教師︰葉素玲
開課學院：心理系
開課系所︰心理系
考試日期（年月日）︰2010/01/12
考試時限（分鐘）：09:00~12:00 180分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：否
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
A.單選題(每題1分)
1. A piano tone played backwards will sound more likely an organ than a piano
because:
A. the tone's original decay has become the attack, and vice versa
B. the tone chroma is higher when playe backwards.
C. the tone height is decreased when played backwards.
D. two middle harmonics are eliminated when played backwards.
2. The role of the middle ear is
A. sound localization
B. transduction
C. frequency analysis
D. to amplify the vibrations between the air in the outer ear and the liquid
in the inner ear
3. The masking effect of pitch shown by Egan and Hake demonstrated that
A. the masking effect spreads more to low frequencies than high frequencies.
B. the masking effect spreads more to high frequencies than low frequencies.
C. the masking effect is symmetrical.
D. the masking effect does not spread.
4. Frequency can be coded by the firing rate at or near the peak of the
sine-wave stimulate. This is called:
A. phase locking
B. tonotopic map
C. motile response.
D. Fourier analysis.
5. Hofmann et al. had participants wear artificial pinnae for about three weeks.
Which of the following was a result of their study?
A. Participants could not adapt to wearing the artificial pinnae.
B. Participants did adapt in about 19 days, but then could not accurately
localize sounds when they removed the artificial pinnae.
C. Participants did adapt in about 19 days, but then could accurately
localize sounds when they removed the artificial pinnae.
D. Participants could not localize sounds along the azimuth with the new
pinnae, but sould localize sounds along the elevation coordinate after 3
days of adaptation.
6. Warren et al. presented listeners with tones that were either (1)interrupted
with silent gaps; or (2)interrupted with silent gaps with noise. The results
shows:
A.both conditions results in listeners hearing a continuous tone.
B.both conditions results in listeners hearing bursts of separate tones.
C.the noise condition results in listeners hearing a continuous tone.
D.the silent gap condition resulted in listeners hearing a continuous tone.
7. The study by Sekuler et.al., in which a 'click; was to visual display of
two diagonally moving dots, showed that
A. visual capture occurs in haptic research.
B. hearing can influence visual perception.
C. indirect sounds are located better than direct sounds.
D. direct sounds are located better than indirect sounds.
8. When you say 'bat' and 'boot', the /b/ sound is articulated differently.
This is an example of
A. coarticulation.
B. phoneme incontiguity.
C. phoneme contiguity.
D. alveolar context.
9. Miller and Isard presented listeners with grammatical sentences("Gadgets
simplify work around the house"); ungrammatical word strings ("Between
gadgets highways passengers the steal"), and anomalous sentences("Gadgets
kill pressengers from the eyes"). The results showed that the listener's
ability to accureately report the phrase was
A. highest for the grammatical condition, followed by ungrammatical, and
then anomalous.
B. highest for the grammatical condition, followed by anomalous, and then
ungrammatical.
C. the same for grammatical and anomalous, which were both better than
ungrammatical.
D. the same for all three conditions.
10. The discovery of ________ is used as support for the motor theory of speech
perception.
A. Broca's area
B. Wernicke's area
C. simple cells in area V1
D. audiovisual mirror neurons.
11. The ___________ are responsible fo the perception of rapid vibrations,
such as you would experience when using a hand-held massager.
A. Ruffini cylinders
B. Merel receptors
C. Meissner corpuscles
D. Pacinian corpuscles
12. pain subjective intensity : ______;; pain unpleasantness : ________.
A. Area S1; Area S2
B. real pain; the pain matrix
C. the ACC ; Area S2
D. Area S1 ; the ACC
13. Which of the following is a correct interpretation when using calcium
imaging to measure olfactory receptor response?
A. The more strongly the ORN is activated, the fluorescence increase.
B. The more strongly the ORN is activated, the fluorescence decrease.
C. The more strongly the ORN is activated, the greater the "glow".
D. The more strongly the ORN is activated, the concentration of calcium ions
decreases.
14. Anonion smell is presented to a participant, and is told that it is "body
odor" or it is "pizza". The participant will perceive the odor
A. more favorably if it is labeled "pizza" than "body odor".
B. more favorably if it is labeled "body odor" than "pizza", but only if the
"body odor" is from the opposite sex.
C. more favorably if it is labeled "body odor" than "pizza", no matter which
sex the "body odor" is from.
D. in the same way; labeling does not affect odor perception.
15. Difference in the pleasantness ratings of odors
A. do not result in different brain activity.
B. have been related to different activity in the medulla.
C. have been related to different activity in the 2DG.
D. have been related to different activity in the orbitofrontal cortex.
16. The tiny bumps on the tongue that contain the taste buds are the
A. Papillae.
B. Lattices.
C. Insulae.
D. Tadomae.
17. Mueller et al. created a strain of mice that lacked the receptor that
normally responds to a bitter substance called Cyx. The mice without this
receptor
A. avoided all bitter substances.
B. avoided Cyx, but would eat other bitter foods.
C. did not avoid Cyx.
D. avoided high concentrations of PTC.
18. The preferential looking technique showed that infants as young as _____
will look at their mother's face than a stranger's face.
A. two-days-old
B. one-week-old
C. one-month-old
D. six-months-old
19. Johnson et al.(2004) presented moving occluded rods to 3-month-old infants,
and classifies the infants as "ferceivers" or "nonperceivers" of a unified,
occluded rod. The main finding of the study was
A. perceiers and nonperceivers did not differ in eye movements.
B. perceiers and nonperceivers did not differ in VEP activity.
C. perceivers tended to make more horizontal eye movements.
D. perceivers tended to look at the stationary occluder.
20. A one-day-old infant is able to match the fell of a pacifier's shape in
his/her mouth to
A. the shape of the pacifier in his/her hand.
B. a visual image of the shape of the pacifier.
C. the smell of the pacifier.
D. none of these; a one-day-old is too young for intermodal perception.
B. 解釋名詞
1.Harmonics
2.Statistical learning of transitional probability
3.Precedence effect
4.Scale illusion
5.McGurk effect
6.Categorical perception
7.Nociceptive pain
8.Phantom limb
9.Supertaster
10.Ventriloquism effect
11.Haptic perception
12.Equal loudness curve
C. 簡答題
1.請簡要描述Bekesy 的place theory of hearing以及支持此理論的兩個證據。(5分)
2.請畫圖說明The gate-control model of pain,並各舉一例說明降低疼痛的兩種機制(6分)
3.大腦分泌物的什麼物質與止痛有關？研究者如何發現其作用？
4.請各舉一個實驗證據說明味覺是屬於(1)distributed coding (2) specificity coding
(4分)
5.下列三種嬰兒研究的方法，請說明原理，以及藉由此法所獲得有關嬰兒知覺的結果：
(1)preferential looking (2)habituation (3) paired comparison(6分)
6.請說明聽覺系統有關聲音定位(sound localization)所採用的ITD與ILD，及ITD的生理機
制(6分)
7.何謂Contrast Sensitivity Function(CSF)?如何測量？請繪圖說明測量嬰兒與成人的
CSF差異，主要在那三部份？知覺敏銳度(visual acuity)與CSF的關係為何？如何解釋
嬰兒與成人視覺敏銳度的差異？(10分)
8.味道(flavor)中樞應該位在大腦的何處？這個中樞結合了哪些感官上的訊息？(4分)
9.聽覺的what及where pathways 連結哪些區域？在語音的辨識上分別扮演什麼角色？
10.說明語音刺激與語音知覺兩者對應，所具有的(1)segmentation problem 以及
(2) variability problem。(4分)
11.分別舉出(1)聽覺與 (2)觸覺大腦可塑性的實驗證據 (4分)
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