課程名稱︰經濟學原理與實習上
課程性質：必修 /通識 A5*
課程教師︰駱明慶
開課學院：社會科學院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰101.11.09
考濟試時限（分鐘）：180
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
作答時請標清楚題號。
一、選擇題(45%): 不需說明, 寫出正確答案即可。
1.You won a free ticket to see a Jolin Tsai concert (which has no resale value).
Jay Chou is performing on the same night and is your next-best alternative
activity. Tickets to see Jay Chou cost $80. On any given day, you would be
willing to pay up to $100 to see Chou. Assume there are no other costs of
seeing either performer. Based on this information, what is the opportunity
cost of seeing Jolin Tsai?
(a) $0 (b) $20 (c) $80 (d) $100.
2.The difference between positive and normative science is that positive
science deals with
(a) what has been, whereas normative science deals with what will be.
(b) value judgments, whereas normative science deals with the facts.
(c) testable propositions, whereas normative science deals with value judgments.
(d) what will be, whereas normative science deals with what has been.
3.Refer to the following table for production possibilities of the US and France.
wine bread
(bottles/worker-year) (loaves/worker-year)
U.S. x 24
France 8 x
What one value of x for both entries above would give U.S. absolute advantage
in bread but comparative advantage in wine?
(a) 16 (b) 12 (c) 8 (d) 4.
4. The production possibilities frontier is a downward-sloping straight line
when the
(a) opportunity cost of producing each good depends on the amount produced.
(b) technology of production is constant.
(c) opportunity cost of producing each good is independent of the amount of
the good produced.
(d) economy is industrialized.
5. When an economy is operating inside its production possibilities frontier,
we know that
(a) there are unused resources or inefficiencies in the economy.
(b) all of the economy’s resources are fully employed.
(c) economic growth would have to occur in order for the economy to move to a
point on the frontier.
(d) in order to produce more of one good, the economy would have to give up
some of the other good.
6. Faculties pay $15 per year for a parking permit, but many complain that they
are not able to find a parking place in designated university lots. This
suggests that
(a) the price paid is above equilibrium.
(b) the price paid is below equilibrium.
(c) the price paid is at equilibrium.
(d) the university should make parking free.
7. "A number of mass transit systems have been experiencing declining revenues
despite fare increases.” Assuming that the demand for mass transit has not
changed (i.e., that the demand curve has not shifted), the above statement
implies that
(a) the demand for mass transit is elastic with respect to price.
(b) the demand for mass transit is inelastic with respect to price.
(c) mass transit is a normal good.
(d) mass transit is an inferior good.
8. Kuo S. Huang estimated the elasticity of demand for beef to be 0.62 and the
elasticity of demand for milk to be 0.04. Which of the following would be an
explanation of the difference in elasticity?
(a) Milk comprises a greater portion of one’s income.
(b) Milk has fewer substitutes than does beef.
(c) Milk is less of a necessity than beef.
(d) Milk is more specifically defined than beef.
9. When the price of kittens was $25 each, the pet shop sold 20 per month. When
they raised the price to $35 each, they sold 14 per month. The price
elasticity of demand for kittens is about
(a) 1.66 (b) 1.06 (c) 0.94 (d) 0.6.
10.Which of the following statements about the effects of rent control is
correct?
(a) The short-run effect of rent control is a surplus of apartments, and the
long-run effect of rent control is a shortage of apartments.
(b) The short-run effect of rent control is a relatively small shortage of
apartments, and the long-run effect of rent control is a larger shortage of
apartments.
(c) In the long run, rent control leads to a shortage of apartments, and the
quality of available apartments is improved by rent control.
(d) The effects of rent control are very noticeable to the public in the short
run, because the primary effects of rent control occur very quickly.
11. Suppose supply for electricity is perfectly elastic. A tax on electricity
will be
(a) split between producers and consumers in equal shares.
(b) paid only by producers.
(c) paid only by consumers.
(d) split between producers and consumers in unequal shares.
12. If minimum wage is established above the equilibrium wage rate in the
unskilled labor market,
(a) employers will be unable to find enough qualified applicants to fill the
available positions.
(b) the number of job seekers will exceed the number of job vacancies,
resulting in some unemployment.
(c) employers will be forced to hire more workers, resulting in reduced profits.
(d) there will be a shortage in this labor market.
13. Domestic producers gain from the opportunity to export goods to foreign
countries because
(a) the free-trade price of the good is higher than the domestic price in the
absence of trade.
(b) producers are able to reach a wider market.
(c) although the free-trade price is lower than in the absence of trade,
producers are able to sell a greater quantity.
(d) production rises, although there is no change in the price of the good
compared to the no-trade situation.
14. Andre walks Julia’s dog once a day for $50 per week. Julia values this
service at $60 per week, while the opportunity cost of Andre’s time is
$30 per week. The government places a tax of $35 per week on dog walkers.
After the tax, what is the loss in total surplus?
(a) $50 (b) $30 (c) $25 (d) $0.
15. Market failure in the form of externalities arises when
(a) production costs are included in the prices of goods.
(b) not all costs and benefits are included in the prices of goods.
(c) the benefits exceed the costs of consuming goods.
(d) the market fails to achieve equilibrium.
二、非選擇題(55%): 答題時請適當說明你的想法, 答案內容以讓批改者瞭解為原則。
1. (10%)
桃花源的桃子國內供給為QS = 2P, 需求為QD = 300-P。桃花源的鄉民可以買國內供給的桃
子, 也可以用每單位$60 從國外進口桃子。
(a) (4%)
請問桃子的均衡價格和消費量各為何? 桃花源桃農生產多少桃子? 進口多少桃子?
(b) (4%)
假設桃花源政府為了保護桃子產業,決定對進口桃子課每單位$20的關稅。請問均衡時桃
子的價格和消費量各為何? 桃花源桃農生產多少桃子? 進口多少桃子?
(c) (2%)
承上題, 假設桃花源取消關稅, 改用進口配額, 限制桃子進口量最多不得超過140單位。請
問均衡時桃子的價格和消費量各為何? 桃花源桃農生產多少桃子? 進口多少桃子?
2.(15%)
政府規定棉被產業的雇主必須提供每一位勞工定期健康檢查。雇主提供健康檢查的成本
為每位勞工$3,000;而每位勞工皆認為這項健康檢查對自己的價值為$2,000。
(a) (5%)
假設棉被產業的勞動需求斜率為負,勞動供給斜率為正。請用供需圖形和文字說明:
這個政策對棉被產業均衡勞工雇用量的影響。
(b) (2%)
承上題, 請在你的圖形中標出雇主雇用每位勞工的實際支出和每位勞工的實際報酬。
(c) (6%)
承上題, 請在你的圖形中標出: 在這個政策之下, 雇主的剩餘、勞工的剩餘,
以及社會的無謂損失。
(d) (2%)
承上題, 請問在這個政策之下, 勞工是否受惠? 雇主是否受惠?
3. (15%)
請判斷下列敘述是否正確, 並簡要說明。
(a) (5%)
若政府希望降低人們看病的次數, 則應調高每個人繳的健保保費, 而非部份負擔比例。
(b) (5%)
發生天災時, 市場便不能有效率的分配資源, 產生市場失靈。例如SARS 疫情爆發時,
若沒有政府管制口罩價格, 不肖業者就會趁機抬高價格, 讓真正有需要的人買不到口罩。
(c) (5%)
如果我們確定A、B 兩件事有因果關係, 但不知道何者是因, 何者是果, 那麼我們可以
想辦法找出A、B 發生的時間先後。因為原因總是發生在結果之前, 我們就能藉由發生
的先後順序來判斷何者為因, 何者為果。
4. (15%)
袁老闆生產棉被,為他帶來X萬元的效益。然而,生產棉被時會產生噪音,噪音對隔壁的
春花診所造成50萬元損害。如果袁老闆停止生產棉被, 就不會產生噪音,此時袁老闆的
效益為0。
(a) (3%)
政府認為噪音產生外部傷害, 因此決定課徵噪音稅50萬元, 袁老闆一旦製造噪音就會被課
稅。請問X在什麼範圍時, 課徵噪音稅會產生無效率的結果?
(b) (4%)
承上題, 假設袁老闆可花30 萬元改用不會產生噪音的設備。請問X在什麼範圍時,
課徵噪音稅50萬元會產生無效率的結果?
(c) (4%)
承上題,再假設春花診所可花20萬元加裝隔音設備,免除噪音的傷害(然而,噪音依舊存在,
只是沒有人會受到傷害)。請問X在什麼範圍時,課徵噪音稅50萬元會產生無效率的結果?
(d) (4%)
承上題,如果政府放棄噪音稅政策,但規定春花診所有免於噪音的權利,袁老闆必須取得春花診
診所的同意方能進行生產。請問X在什麼範圍時會產生無效率的結果?
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※ 編輯: d3osef 來自: 140.112.25.105 (12/10 12:53)