課程名稱︰經濟學原理與實習下
課程性質︰必修 / 通識A5*
課程教師︰駱明慶
開課學院：社會科學院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰100.04.22
考試時限（分鐘）：110
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
一、選擇題 (45%): 不需說明, 寫出正確答案即可。
1. Which of the following is not correct?
(a)Indifference curves are downward sloping.
(b)Indifference curves that are closer to the origin are preferred to
indifference curves that are further from the origin.
(c)Indifference curves are bowed in toward the origin.
(d)Indifference curves do not cross.
2. Which of the following sets of preferences satisfies the property of
transitivity?
(a)Cookies are preferred to brownies. Brownies are preferred to ice cream.
Ice cream is preferred to cookies.
(b)Cookies are preferred to pie. Brownies are preferred to pie. Pie is
preferred to cookies.
(c)Cookies are preferred to ice cream. Ice cream is preferred to brownies.
Cookies are preferred to brownies.
(d)Cookies are preferred to pie. Ice cream is preferred to cookies. Pie is
preferred to ice cream.
3. Ed was recently hired as a salesman for a national consulting firm. His job responsibilities involve spending a significant portion of his time out of the office visiting prospects and attending conferences. Which of the following is strategy the consulting firm may employ to discourage Ed from shirking his responsibilities?
(a)Tell Ed that the shareholders want to earn a large profit this year.
(b)Pay Ed commissions on what he sells after the work has been completed.
(c)Allow Ed to set his own schedule and work from home frequently.
(d)Pay Ed a lower wage than he would earn in a similar job at another firm.
4. An airline knows that business travelers have more inelastic demand for
travel than vacationers. That is, business travelers are often willing to
pay more for airline tickets than vacationers. The airline also knows that
business travelers do not like to travel over weekends. When customers
request airline tickets that do not involve travel over a weekend, the
airline determines that a traveler is likely a business traveler and charges
a higher price. This is an example of
(a)moral hazard.
(b)screening.
(c)adverse selection.
(d)signaling.
5. A Minnesota farmer buys a new tractor made in Iowa by a German company.
As a result,
(a)U.S. investment and GDP increase, but German GDP is unaffected.
(b)U.S. investment and German GDP increase, but U.S. GDP is unaffected.
(c)U.S. investment, U.S. GDP, and German GDP are unaffected, because tractors
are intermediate goods.
(d)U.S. investment, U.S. GDP, and German GDP all increase.
6. If nominal GDP is $10 trillion and real GDP is $8 trillion, then the GDP
deflator is
(a)80, and this indicates that the price level has decreased by 20 percent
since the base year.
(b)80, and this indicates that the price level has increased by 80 percent
since the base year.
(c)125, and this indicates that the price level has increased by 25 percent
since the base year.
(d)125, and this indicates that the price level has increased by 125 percent
since the base year.
7. In an imaginary economy, consumers buy only sandwiches and magazines. The
fixed basket consists of 20 sandwiches and 30 magazines. In 2006, a sandwich
cost $4 and a magazine cost $2. In 2007, a sandwich cost $5. The base year
is 2006. If the consumer price index in 2007 was 125, then how much did a
magazine cost in 2007?
(a)$0.83
(b)$2.25
(c)$2.50
(d)$3.00
8. An increase in the price of Irish whiskey regularly purchased by Americans
will be reflected in
(a)both the U.S. GDP deflator and the U.S. CPI.
(b)neither the U.S. GDP deflator nor the U.S. CPI.
(c)the U.S. GDP deflator, but not the U.S. CPI.
(d)the U.S. CPI, but not the U.S. GDP deflator.
9. GDP is not a perfect measure of well-being; for example,
(a)GDP excludes the value of volunteer work.
(b)GDP does not address the distribution of income.
(c)GDP does not address environmental quality.
(d)All of the above are correct.
10.Rapid population growth
(a)was hailed by Thomas Robert Malthus as the key to future economic growth.
(b)tends to lead to higher levels of educational attainment.
(c)is the main reason that less developed nations are poor.
(d)may depress economic prosperity by reducing the amount of capital per worker.
11.Satchel loses his job and immediately begins looking for another.
Other things the same, the unemployment rate
(a)increases and the labor-force participation rate decreases.
(b)and the labor-force participation rate both increase.
(c)increases and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.
(d)is unaffected and the labor-force participation rate decreases.
12.Workland has a population of 10,000, of whom 7,000 work 8 hours a day to
produce a total of224,000 final goods. Laborland has a population of 5,000,
of whom 4,000 work 12 hours a day to produce a total of 120,000 final goods.
(a)Workland has higher productivity and higher real GDP per person than
Laborland.
(b)Workland has higher productivity but lower real GDP per person than
Laborland.
(c)Workland has lower productivity but higher real GDP per person than
Laborland.
(d)Workland has lower productivity and lower real GDP per person than
Laborland.
13.In 1970, Professor Plum earned $12,000; in 1980, he earned $24,000; and in
1990, he earned$36,000. If the CPI was 40 in 1970, 60 in 1980, and 100 in
1990, then in real terms, Professor Plum’s salary was highest in
(a)1980 and lowest in 1970.
(b)1980 and lowest in 1990.
(c)1990 and lowest in 1970.
(d)1990 and lowest in 1980.
14.Suppose that banks desire to hold no excess reserves, the reserve
requirement is 5 percent, and a bank receives a new deposit of $1,000.
This bank
(a)will increase its required reserves by $50.
(b)will initially see its total reserves increase by $1,000.
(c)will be able to make a new loan of $950.
(d)All of the above are correct.
15.Which of the following is not the reason for the destruction of baby girls?
(a)parents’ low income and education.
(b)the ancient preference for sons.
(c)a modern desire for smaller families.
(d)ultrasound scanning and other technologies that identify the sex of a fetus.
二、非選擇題 (55%):
答題時請適當說明你的想法, 計算題請說明推理過程, 答案內容以讓批改者瞭解為原則。
1.(15%) 請下列回答問題。
(a)(5%)
假設台灣銀行體系的存款準備率為 10%, 且國民不持有現金。 若央行的目標是增加1億元
的貨幣供給量, 請問央行應於公開市場中發行或贖回政府公債 (government bonds) ?
發行或贖回多少?
(b)(5%)
全民瘋樂透, 頭獎獎金上看15億, 造成民眾搶購熱潮。 民眾為購買樂透彩券, 因而持有
就較多的現金在手上, 請問這會使得貨幣乘數變大或變小? 為什麼?
(c)(5%)
勞動力統計中會計算失業人口的平均失業時間。 許多經濟學家認為這個數字常高估
失業者的實際失業時間長度, 為什麼?
2.(15%)
台大國本年度其總產出(Y)為10,000, 政府支出(G)為1700, 淨稅收(T)為1500。
某經濟學家估計台大國的投資(I)和消費(C)如下: C=6000-100r, I=3300-100r;
其中該經濟體實質利率為 r%。
(a)(6%)
請計算該國之私部門儲蓄、政府儲蓄、國民儲蓄與實質利率間的關係為何?
(b)(4%)
均衡實質利率為何? 此時台大國的投資量是多少?
(c)(5%)
台大國政府決定要加發老人年金 (增加移轉性支付), 財源以舉債支應 (本年度不加稅)。
假設鄉民拿到老人年金後會將一部分用於消費、 一部分用於儲蓄, 且此政策不影響產出。
請說明本政策對桃花源民間儲蓄、政府儲蓄、國民儲蓄的影響, 並用可貸資金市場供需
說明均衡利率和投資金額將如何變動。
3.(10%)
老陶每周有T小時可以用來工作或休閒, 他每工作一小時可以賺到w元。 對老陶來說, 休閒
時數(X)和所得金額(Y)都是正常財 (normal goods), 他對二者的偏好符合一般典型無異
曲線的特性。
(a)(3%)
請寫出老陶的預算限制式。
(b)(3%)
請以休閒時數為橫軸, 所得金額為縱軸, 用無異曲線和預算限制線畫出老陶的最適選擇。 請在圖上明確標出老陶的休閒時數、所得金額和工時。
(c)(4%)
請用替代效果和所得效果分析工資率下降對老陶勞動供給量 (工時) 的影響。
4.(15%)
袁老闆正在考慮購買一座果園, 購買2年後袁老闆可將成熟的果實賣出。 請回答下列問題。
(a)(3%)
假設果園的價格為 2000 萬元, 2 年後賣果實的收入為 2400 萬元。
請計算購買果園2 年的報酬率。
(b)(3%)
承上題, 若銀行存款的年利率為無風險的 10%, 袁老闆是否應該買下這座果園?
(c)(3%)
假設2年後賣果實的收入沒有風險, 固定為2400萬元。 若銀行存款也沒有風險, 年利率為r,
請寫出果園價格與利率的關係。
(d)(3%)
假設果園的價格為2000萬元,2年後賣果實的收入有50%的機率會是1940萬元,有50%的機率會
是2900萬元。 假設銀行存款的年利率為無風險的10%。如果袁老闆是風險趨避者,他是否有
可能會購買果園?
(e)(3%)
袁老闆已經買下果園。假設銀行存款年利率為無風險的10%, 2年後賣果實的收入有50%的機
率會是2000萬元, 有50%的機率會是3400萬元。 有人向袁老闆提議,願意在今天以2200萬元
購買2年後的果實收成。 如果袁老闆風險趨避, 他會不會接受這個提議?
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