課程名稱︰總體經濟學二
課程性質︰經濟系大二必修
課程教師︰梁明義
開課系所︰經濟系
考試時間︰2000/04/23
試題 :
1(25%)inflation依起因之不同可分demand inflation與supply inflation
(a)試以靜態模式定義demand 與supply inflation
(b)試以動態模式定義demand 與supply inflation
e
(c)試說明inflationary expectations(p )在demand 與supply inflation
發生過程中所扮演的腳色。
Asuume that for every increase of 1 percentage point in the rate
of inflation, firms are willing to increase output by 3 percentage
points and that the level of output in the economy is currently at 200
(the natural level of output) and that the rate of inflation is 2 percent。
令p代表通貨膨脹率，x代表名目產出成長率，y代表實質產出成長率。
(d)試畫出此經濟社會的SP-LP圖形，至少要標明3個SP所通過之點的座標。試問在
目前長期均衡下x與y各是多少?
現假定一個adverse supply shock rocks the economy such that the inflation
rate associated with every level of output increases by 4%。
(e)此時政府可有三種對策:accommodating，neutral，extinguishing。
試問在這三種不同政策下之x，p，y，與Y各是多少?
(f)試畫出新的SP curve並標明三種政策點的位置座標。
2(25%)
試說明下列三套[抽象理論(abstract theory)]的內容。並說明這些經濟學家
所針對的[實際世界]的[問題]是什麼?她們對這各[問題]要表達怎樣的[信息]
(message)?
(a)Harrod growth model
(b)M. Friedman:fooling model加上Fisher effect的體系
(c)Barro-Ricardo Equivalence Theorem
3(25%)
假定一個經濟社會is characterized by a Cobb-Douglas production function
with constant returns to scale，且the share of capital income to total
GDP is 1/3。令n，k，a各代表growth rate of labor，capital與the
autonomous growth factor。視下列3個case:
Case1 n=1% k=3% a=2%
Case2 n=2% k=5% a=0.75%
Case3 n=3% K=3% a=0%
(a)
in each case, what are the elasticities of output with respect to the
capital input and the labor input?
(b)
in each case, what are the growth rates of output and per person output?
(c)
which case or cases are consistent with steady state growth?
試說明下列觀念，尤其要用圖形輔助你的說明。
(d)Solow growth model的動態調整式
(e)The possibility of feedback from low real wage to low productivity。
4(25%)
試從下列三各角度來說明inflation對一個經濟社會所產生的effects。
(a)suprise inflation所引起的wealth redistribution
(b)Shoe leather cost of inflation
(c)政府的inflation tax
過去三四十年來，美國的自然失業率維持在4-6%左右，而歐體的自然失業率
卻從2-3%上升至10-11%
(d)何謂自然失業率
(e)R. Samuelson認為歐體的自然失業率不斷上升的原因是什麼
(f)R. Gordon認為政府可有怎樣的政策來降低自然失業率
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