推 hsuzchan : 已收入經濟系 ＝） 01/15 23:51
課程名稱︰經濟學一
課程性質︰選修
課程教師︰駱明慶
開課學院：社會科學院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2015/1//15
考試時限（分鐘）：180分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
試題 :
一、選擇題(45%)：不須說明，寫出正確答案即可。
1. Which of the following is a dsiadvantage of government provision of a
public good such as national defense?
(i)The government does not know the exact willingness of consumers to pay
for the public good.
(ii)The free-rider problem is more likely to occur when the government
provides a public than when the private sector provides a public good.
(iii)Taxpayers do not agree on the optimal quantity of the public good
that the government should provide.
(A) (i) only
(B) (i) and (ii) only
(C) (i) and (iii) only
(D) (i), (ii), and (iii)
2. A stairwell in a certain office building is always congested at 12:00 p.m.
The congestion is so bad that people have been complaining to the
building's owner. Which of the following methods would be the most
efficient way of reducing congestion?
(A) Assign each person in the building a time when they are allowed to use
the stairwell.
(B) Encourage people to voluntarily keep off the stairwell during peak
times.
(C) Charge everyone who use the stairwell when it is congested the same
fee. People who value the use of the stairs the most will be the ones who
use the stairwell at peak times.
(D) Hold a lottery to determine who wins the right touse the stairwell at
peak times.
3. Suppose that installing an overhead pedstrian walkway would cost a college
twon $150,000. The walkway is except to reduce the risk of fatality by 3
percent, and the cost of human life is estimated at $10 million. The town
should
(A) install the walkway because the estimated benefit is twice the cost.
(B) install the walkway because the estimated benefit equals the cost.
(C) not install the walkway, since the cost is twice the estmated benefit.
(D) install the walkway, since the ocst of even single life is too great
not to take action.
4. Zoe, Choe, and Brody each like to read novels. The current mystery triller
costs $10. Zoe values it at $15, Choe at $13, and Brody at $11. Suppose
that if government taxes books at 50 cents each the selling price rise to
$10.50. A consequence of the tax is that
(A) consumer surplus shrinks by $1.50 and the tax revenues increase by
$1.50, so there is no deadweight loss.
(B) consumer surplus shrinks by $9.00 and the tax revenues increase by
$1.50, so there is a deadweight loss of $7.50.
(C) consumer surplus shrinks by $7.50 and the tax revenues increase by
$7.50, so there is no deadweight loss.
(D) consumer surplus shrinks by $7.50 and the tax revenues increase by
$1.50, so there is a deadweight loss of $6.
5. When a tax is justified on the basis that the taxpayers who pay the tax
receive specific government services from payment of the tax, the tax
(A) is considered horizontalloy equitable.
(B) burden is minimized.
(C) satisfies the benefits principle.
(D) is considered vertically equitable.
6. Which of the following expressions is correct?
(A) accounting profit = economic profit + implict costs
(B) accounting profit = total revenue - implict costs
(C) economic profit = accounting profit + explict costs
(D) economic profit = total revenue - implict costs
7. A profit-maximizing firm in a competive market is able to sell its
products for $7. At its current level of output, the firm's average total
cost is $10. The firm's margianl cost curve crosses it marginal revenue
curve at an output level of 9 units. The firm experiences a
(A) profit of more than $27.
(B) profit of exactly $27.
(C) loss of more than $27.
(D) loss of exactly $27.
8. Consider a profit-maximizing monopoly pricing under the following
conditions. The profit-maxizing quantity is 40 units, the profit-maxizing
price is $160, and the narginal cost of 40th unit is $120. If the good were
producedin a perfectly competive market, the equilibrium quantity would be
50, and the equilibrium price would be $150. The demand curve and marginal
cost curves are linear. What is the value of the deadweight loss created by
the monopolist?
(A) $40
(B) $100
(C) $200
(D) $400
9. Which of the following statement is correct? Monopolies are socially
inefficient because they
(i) charge a price above marginal cost.
(ii) produce to little output.
(iii) earn profits at the expeanse of consumers.
(iv) maximize the market's total surplus.
(A) (iii) only
(B) (i) and (ii) only
(C) (iii) and (iv) only
(D) (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)
10. Which of the following condition is characteristic of a monopolistically
competive firm in short-run equilibrium?
(A) P > AR
(B) MR > MC
(C) P > MC
(D) All of the above are correct.
11. In a two-person repeated game, a tit-for-tat strategy starts with
(A) cooperation and then each player mimics the other play's last move.
(B) cooperation and then each player is unresponsive to the strategic moves
of the other player.
(C) noncooperation and then each player pursues his or her own
self-interest.
(D) noncooperation and then each player cooperates when the other player
demonstrates a desire for the cooperative solution.
12. Rosie's Flower Shop sells floral arrangments for $20 each. If Rosie hires
10 workers, she can sell 600 arrangement per week. If she hires 11
workers, she can sell 650 arrangements per week. Rosie pays each of her
workers $400 per week. Which of the following is correct?
(A) For the 11th worker, the marginal profit is $1,000.
(B) For the 11th worker, the value of marginal product is $1,000.
(C) The firm is maximizing its profit.
(D) If thefirm is employing 11 workers, then its profit would increase if
it cut back to 10 workers.
13. Coal mining is a dangerous and dirty job. Suppose someone developed new
machinery that made coal minig safer snd cleaner; at the same time;
suppose it made coal miners more productive. We would expect that the wages
of coal miners would
(A) rise.
(B) fall.
(C) stay exactly the same.
(D) rise, fall, or stay the same.
14. Which theory is supportive of the idea that increasing educational levels
for all workers would raise all workers' productivity and therefore their
wages?
(A) the theory of compensating differentials
(B) the efficient-market hypothesis
(C) human-capital theory
(D) signaling theory
15. Liberalism is founded on a premise that behind a "veil of ignorance,"
(A) justice cannot be agreed upon.
(B) everyone's income should be equal.
(C) everyone would agree to "just" rules to reallocate income.
(D) society should maximize th sum of individual utilities.
二、非選擇題(55%)：答題時請適當說明你的想法，答案內容以讓批改者瞭解為原則。
1. (15%)請簡要回答以下問題。
(A) (5%)請問以下敘述是否正確？
累退稅 (regressive tax) 的所得稅制必然同時違反水平公平 (horizontal
equity) 和垂直公平 (vertical equity) 原則。
(B) (5%)請根據底下的資料，利用羅倫茲曲線 (Lorenz Curve) 的觀念，判斷哪一國
的所得分配較不平均，為什麼？
----------------------------------------------------
家戶累積百分比 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
----------------------------------------------------
A國所得累積百分比 6% 18% 38% 66% 100%
B國所得累積百分比 4% 14% 34% 61% 100%
----------------------------------------------------
(C) (5%)低學費政策之下，大學教育的供給量小於需求量，我國入學制度主要以考試
成績來決定入學機會的分配。請由家庭背景、考試成績和大學受政府補貼程度的
關聯性，說明為什麼我國的低學費政策是一種「逆向」的所得重分配？
2. (10%) You live in a twon with 300 adults and 200 children, and you are
thinking about putting on a play to entertain your neighbors and make some
money. A play has a fixed cost of $2,000, but selling an extra ticket has
zero marginal cost. Here are the demand schedules for your two types of
consumers.
Table 1: Demand Schedule
----------------------------
Price Adults Children
----------------------------
$10 0 0
$9 100 0
$8 200 0
$7 300 0
$6 300 0
$5 300 100
$4 300 200
$3 300 200
$2 300 200
$1 300 200
----------------------------
(A) (4%) To maximize profit, what price would you charge for an adult
ticket? For a child's ticket? How much profit do you make?
(B) (3%) The city council passes a law projibiting you from charging
different prices to different customers. What price do you set for a
ticket now? How much profit do you make?
(C) (3%) Who is worse worse off because of the law prohibiting price
discrimination? Who is better off?
3. (15%) The nation of Ectenia has 20 competive apple orchards, which sell
apples at the world price of $2. The following equation describes the
production funtion and the marginal of labor in each orchard:
Q = 100L - L^2
MPL = 100 - 2L
where Q is the number of apples produced a day, L is the number of
workers, and MPL is the marginal product of labor.
(A) (3%) What is each orchard's labor demand as a function of the daily
wage W? What is the market's labor demand?
(B) (4%) Ectenia has 200 wokers who supply their labor inelastically.
Solve for the wage W. How many workers does each orchard hire? How
much profit does each orchard owner make? (Assume that wades are
firm's only costs.)
(C) (4%) Calculate what happens to the wage of worker and the profit of
orchard owners if the world price of apples duobles to $4.
(D) (4%) Now suppose the price of apple is back at $2, but a hurricane
destroys half the orchards. Calculate how the hurricane affects the
wage of worker and the profit of each remaining orchard owner.
4. (15%)你和一位同學合寫一份報告，你們會有相同的報告成績。你們都希望拿高分，
但也不想太累。以下是一些可能的結果：
●如果你們都很努力(即採取「工作」策略)，則你們都會拿A，這帶給你們各40單位的
快樂。
●如果只有你很努力，或者只有同學很努力，則你們都會拿B，這帶給你們各30單位的
快樂。
●如果你們都不努力(即採取「偷懶」策略)，則你們都會拿D，這帶給你們各10單位的
快樂。
●努力寫報告會少掉25單位的快樂。
(A) (4%)完成以下的決策方塊：
你的決定
工作 偷懶
┌────┬────┐
│你： │你： │
同 工作│ │ │
學 │同學： │同學： │
的 ├────┼────┤
決 │你： │你： │
定 偷懶│ │ │
│同學： │同學： │
└────┴────┘
(B) (4%)最有可能的結果為和？為什麼？
(C) (3%)如果你和這位同學未來一年要寫一連串的報告，則你(B)小題的答案可能會有
和不同？為什麼？
(D) (4%)你的另一位同學比較在意成績：他拿B可以得到50單位的快樂，拿A則可以拿
到80單位的快樂。如果換成這位同學跟你和寫報告(你並沒有任何改變)，則你
(A)和(B)小題的答案會如何變動？你比較喜歡和哪一位同學合作？這位同學也會
喜歡跟你合作嗎？
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