推 hsuzchan : 已收入經濟系 09/08 18:07
課程名稱︰經濟學一
課程性質︰必修兼通識
課程教師︰李顯峰
開課學院：社科院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰103/11/10
考試時限（分鐘）：150 min
試題 :
I. Multiple Choice: Please select the correct one answer. (60%, each gets 2%)
1. Suppose there is currently a tax of $50 per ticket on airline tickets.
Sellers of airline tickets are required to pay the tax to the government. If
the tax is reduced from $50 per ticket to $30 per ticket, then the
a. demand curve will shift upward by $20, and the price paid by buyers will
decrease by less than $20.
b. demand curve will shift upward by $20, and the price paid by buyers will
decrease by $20.
c. supply curve will shift downward by $20, and the effective price received
by sellers will increase by less than $20.
d. supply curve will shift downward by $20, and the effective price received
by sellers will increase by $20.
2. When a nation first begins to trade with other countries and the nation
becomes an exporter of soybeans,
a. this is an indication that the world price of soybeans exceeds the nation’s
domestic price of soybeans in the absence of trade.
b. this is an indication that the nation has a comparative advantage in
producing soybeans.
c. the nation’s consumers of soybeans become worse off and the nation’s
producers of soybeans become better off.
d. All of the above are correct.
3. On a downward-sloping linear demand curve, total revenue reaches its
maximum value at the
a. midpoint of the demand curve.
b. lower end of the demand curve.
c. upper end of the demand curve.
d. It is impossible to tell without knowing prices and quantities demanded.
4. If the government passes a law requiring buyers of college textbooks to
send $5 to the government for every textbook they buy, then
a. the demand curve for textbooks shifts downward by $5.
b. buyers of textbooks pay $5 more per textbook than they were paying before
the tax.
c. sellers of textbooks are unaffected by the tax.
d. All of the above are correct.
5. Economists generally believe that rent control is
a. an efficient and fair way to help the poor.
b. inefficient but the best available means of solving a serious social
problem.
c. a highly inefficient way to help the poor raise their standard of living.
d. an efficient way to allocate housing, but not a good way to help the poor.
6. If the price elasticity of demand for aluminum foil is 1.45, then a 2.4%
decrease in the price of aluminum foil will increase the quantity demanded
of aluminum foil by
a. 1.66%, and aluminum foil sellers’ total revenue will increase as a result.
b. 1.66%, and aluminum foil sellers’ total revenue will decrease as a result.
c. 3.48%, and aluminum foil sellers’ total revenue will increase as a result.
d. 3.48%, and aluminum foil sellers’ total revenue will decrease as a result.
7. The nation of Happy has decided to end its policy of not trading with the
rest of the world. When it ends its trade restrictions, it discovers that it
is importing rice, exporting steel, and neither importing nor exporting TVs.
We can conclude that producer surplus in Happy is now
a. higher in the steel market, lower in the rice market, and unchanged in the
TV market.
b. higher in the rice and steel markets, and unchanged in the TV market.
c. lower in the rice and TV markets and higher in the steel market.
d. lower in the rice and steel markets, and the same in the TV market.
8. The minimum wage is an example of a
a. price ceiling.
b. price floor.
c. wage subsidy.
d. tax.
9. When the price ceiling applies in this market, and the supply curve for
gasoline shifts from S1 to S2,
a. the market price will increase to P3.
b. a surplus will occur at the new market price of P2.
c. the market price will stay at P1.
d. a shortage will occur at the new market price of P2.
↑price of gasoline
∣ S1
∣ ╲ ／ S2
P3∣____╲ ／______
∣ ∣ ／
P2∣___／∣_╲／________ price ceiling
∣ ／ ∣ ／╲
P1∣_____∣_____╲
∣ ／ ╲
∣ ／ ∣ ∣ ╲ D
∣ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Q3 Q1 Quantity of gasoline
10. When a tax is imposed on the sellers of a good, the supply curve shifts
a. upward by the amount of the tax.
b. downward by the amount of the tax.
c. upward by less than the amount of the tax.
d. downward by less than the amount of the tax.
11. As we move downward and to the right along a linear, downward-sloping
demand curve,
a. both slope and elasticity remain constant.
b. slope changes but elasticity remains constant.
c. both slope and elasticity change.
d. slope remains constant but elasticity changes.
12. When a good is taxed, the burden of the tax
a. falls more heavily on the side of the market that is more elastic.
b. falls more heavily on the side of the market that is more inelastic.
c. falls more heavily on the side of the market that is closer to unit
elastic.
d. is distributed independently of relative elasticities of supply and demand.
13. A common argument in favor of restricting international trade in good x
is based on the premise that
a. international trade reduces total surplus in countries that export good x.
b. international trade reduces total surplus in countries that import good x.
c. international trade is desirable only when countries with different
domestic supplies of natural resources play by different rules when trading
with one another.
d. trade restrictions can be useful when one country bargains with its
trading partners.
14. Honduras is an importer of goose-down pillows. The world price of these
pillows is $50. Honduras imposes a $7 tariff on pillows. Honduras is
price-taker in the pillow market. As a result of the tariff, the price of
goose-down pillows in Honduras
a. remains at $50 and the quantity of goose-down pillows purchased in
Honduras decreases.
b. increases to $57 and the quantity of goose-down pillows purchased in
Honduras decreases.
c. increases to a new price between $50 and $57 and the quantity of
goose-down pillows purchased in Honduras decreases.
d. increases to a new price above $57 and the quantity of goose-down pillows
purchased in Honduras remains the same.
15. Assume that Andia and Zardia can switch between producing wheat and
producing beef at a constant rate. Which of the following combinations of
wheat and beef could Zardia not produce in one 10-hour day?
a. 10 bushels of wheat and 45 pounds of beef
b. 20 bushels of wheat and 30 pounds of beef
c. 25 bushels of wheat and 25 pounds of beef
d. 30 bushels of wheat and 15 pounds of beef
Minutes Needed to Make 1
Bushel of Wheat Pound of Beef
Andia 20 12
Zardia 15 10
16. Barb and Jim run a business that sets up (組裝) and tests computers.
Assume that Barb and Jim can switch between setting up and testing computer
at a constant rate. The following table applies.
Number of Computers Set up
Minutes Needed to or Tested in a 40-Hour Week
Set Up 1 Computer∣Test 1 Computer∣Computers Set up∣Computers Tested
Barb 48 ∣ ? ∣ 50 ∣ 40
Jim 30 ∣ 40 ∣ 80 ∣ 60
Which of the following points would not be on Jim’s production
possibilities frontier, based on a 40-hour week?
a. 0 computers set up, 60 computers tested
b. 40 computers set up, 30 computers tested
c. 60 computers set up, 12 computers tested
d. 72 computers set up, 6 computers tested
17. A binding price floor will reduce a firm’s total revenue
a. always.
b. when demand is elastic
c. when demand is inelastic
d. never.
18. Suppose sellers of perfume are required to send $1.00 to the government
for every bottle of perfume they sell. Further, suppose this tax causes
the price paid by buyers of perfume to rise by $0.60 per bottle. Which
of the following statements is correct?
a. The effective price received by sellers is $0.40 per bottle less than it
was before the tax.
b. Sixty percent of the burden of the tax falls on sellers.
c. This tax causes the demand curve for perfume to shift downward by $1.00 at
each quantity of perfume.
d. All of the above are correct.
19. Total surplus with a tax is equal to
a. consumer surplus plus producer surplus.
b. consumer surplus minus producer surplus.
c. consumer surplus plus producer surplus minus tax revenue.
d. consumer surplus plus producer surplus plus tax revenue.
20. Arturo's Production Dina's Production
Possibilities Frontier Possibilities Frontier
↑burritos ↑burritos
∣ ∣
300∣ ∣
∣﹨ ∣
∣ ﹨ ∣
∣ ﹨ ∣
∣ ﹨ 200∣╲
∣ ﹨ ∣ ╲
∣ ﹨ ∣ ╲
∣ ﹨ ∣ ╲
∣ ﹨ ∣ ╲
∣ ﹨ ∣ ╲
∣ ﹨ ∣ ╲
∣ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ∣_____________________
400 tacos 400 tacos
If the production possibilities frontiers shown are each for one day of
production, then which of the following combinations of tacos and burritos
could Arturo and Dina together produce in a given day?
a. 400 tacos and 350 burritos b. 500 tacos and 250 burritos
c. 600 tacos and 150 burritos d. 700 tacos and 100 burritos
21. For a particular good, a 10 percent increase in price causes a 3 percent
decrease in quantity demanded. Which of the following statements is most
likely applicable to this good?
a. The relevant time horizon is short.
b. The good is a luxury.
c. The market for the good is narrowly defined.
d. There are many close substitutes for this good.
22. Suppose a producer is able to separate customers into two groups, one
having an inelastic demand and the other having an elastic demand. If
the producer’s objective is to increase total revenue, she should
a. increase the price charged to customers with the elastic demand and
decrease the price charged to customers with the inelastic demand.
b. decrease the price charged to customers with the elastic demand and
increase the price charged to customers with the inelastic demand.
c. decrease the price to both groups of customers.
d. increase the price for both groups of customers.
23. Suppose the government has imposed a price ceiling (價格上限) on laptop
computers. Which of the following events could transform (轉移) the price
ceiling from one that is not binding into one that is binding (發揮作用)?
a. Improvements in production technology reduce the costs of producing laptop
computers.
b. The number of firms selling laptop computers decreases.
c. Consumers’ income decreases, and laptop computers are a normal good.
d. The number of consumers buying laptop computers decreases.
24. Suppose that policymakers are considering placing a tax on either of two
markets. In Market A, the tax will have a significant effect on the price
consumers pay, but it will not affect equilibrium quantity very much. In
Market B, the same tax will have only a small effect on the price consumers
pay, but it will have a large effect on the equilibrium quantity. Other
factors are held constant. In which market will the tax have a larger
deadweight loss?
a. Market A
b. Market B
c. The deadweight loss will be the same in both markets.
d. There is not enough information to answer the question.
25. For a particular good, a 10 percent increase in price causes a 15 percent
decrease in quantity demanded. Which of the following statements is most
likely applicable to this good?
a. There are no close substitutes for this good.
b. The good is necessity.
c. The market for the good is broadly defined.
d. The relevant time horizon is long.
26. When a country allows trade and becomes an exporter of a good, which of
the following is not a consequence?
a. The price paid by domestic consumers of the good increases.
b. The price received by domestic producers of the good increases.
c. The losses of domestic consumers of the good exceed the gains of domestic
producers of the good.
d. The gains of domestic producers of the good exceed the losses of domestic
consumers of the good.
27. “Owners of firms in young industries should be willing to incur
temporary losses if they believe that those firms will be profitable
in the long run.” This observation helps to explain why many
economists are skeptical about the
a. national-security argument.
b. infant-industry argument.
c. unfair-competition argument.
d. jobs argument.
28. A major difference between tariffs and import quotas is that
a. tariffs create deadweight losses, but import quotas do not.
b. tariffs help domestic consumers, and import quotas help domestic producers.
c. tariffs raise revenue for the government, but import quotas create surplus
for those who get the licenses to import.
d. All of the above are correct.
29. Suppose buyers of vodka are required to send $1.00 to the government for
every bottle of vodka they buy. Further, suppose this tax causes the
effective price received by sellers of vodka to fall by $0.60 per bottle.
Which of the following statements if correct?
a. This tax causes the supply curve for vodka to shift upward by $1.00 at
each quantity of vodka.
b. The price paid by buyers is $0.40 per bottle more than it was before the
tax.
c. Sixty percent of the burden of the tax falls on buyers.
d. All of the above are correct.
30. If the government removes a binding price floor (價格下限) from a market,
then the price paid by buyers will
a. increase, and the quantity sold in the market will increase.
b. increase, and the quantity sold in the market will decrease.
c. decrease, and the quantity sold in the market will increase.
d. decrease, and the quantity sold in the market will decrease.
II. Essay Question and Problems 問答計算申論題 (需列出計算或推理過程，計40%) :
1. (25%)
For a small country called Boxland, the equation of the domestic
demand curve for cardboard is QD = 200 – 2P, where QD represents
the domestic quantity of cardboard demanded, in tons and P represents
the price of a ton of cardboard.
For Boxland, the equation of the domestic supply curve for cardboard
is QS = – 60 + 3P, where QS represents the domestic quantity of cardboard
supplied, in tons, and again represents the price of a ton of cardboard.
Please answer [選擇小括弧中正確者或將正確數字填入空格中] :
(1) Suppose the world price of cardboard is $45. Then, relative to the
no-trade situation, international trade in cardboard produces:
(increases,decreases) consumer surplus, (increases, decreases) producer
surplus, and (increases, decreases) total surplus for Boxland.
(2) Suppose the world price of cardboard is $45. Then, relative to the
no-trade situation, international trade in cardboard benefits Boxlandian
consumers by ($?) and harms Boxlandian producers by ($?)
(3) Suppose the world price of cardboard is $60. Then, Boxland’s gains from
international trade in cardboard amount to ($?).
2. (15%)
The vertical distance between points A and C represent a tax in the market.
↑Price
1000∣ / Supply
900∣╲A /
800∣--╲ /
700∣ ∣╲/
600∣--∣- - D
500∣ B∣ /∣╲ A點是P=800跟Q=20及需求線交點
400∣ ∣/ ∣ ╲ B點是P=600跟Q=20交點
300∣--∣C ∣ ╲ C點是P=300跟Q=20及供給線交點
200∣ ∣ ∣ ╲ D點是供需交點及P=600,Q=40
100∣ /∣ ∣ ╲Demand (實在不好畫 供給線是直線 請大家自己意會)
∣＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿╲＿
20 40 Quantity
Refer to the Figure.
(1) What is the loss of consumer surplus as a result of the tax?
(2) What is the total surplus with the tax?
(3) What is the amount of deadweight loss as a result of the tax?
Answer:
I. Multiple Choice:
1. CDAAC 6. CABDA 11. DBDBC 16.CBADC 21. ABBBD 26. CBCBC
II. Essay Questions and Problems
1.
(1)Increases; Decreases; Increases.
(2) $721; $598.5.
(3) $160.
2.
(1) $6,000.
(2) $15,000.
(3) $5,000.
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