課程名稱︰經濟學一
課程性質︰通識
課程教師︰林明仁
開課學院：社會科學院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2009/04/15
考試時限（分鐘）：120分鐘
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
一.選擇題(每題皆須附上說明,否則不予計分)
1. ┌───────────────────┬──────────────┐
│Labor hours needed to make one unit of│ Amount produced in 40 hours│
───┼─────────┬─────────┼───────┬──────┤
│ cheese │ Bread │ cheese │ Bread │
───┼─────────┼─────────┼───────┼──────┤
England│ 1 │ 2 │ 40 │ 20 │
───┼─────────┼─────────┼───────┼──────┤
Spain │ 2 │ 8 │ 20 │ 5 │
───┴─────────┴─────────┴───────┴──────┘
England and Spain both could benefit,relative to a situation in which neither
country is specializing,by England specializing in
(a) bread and Spain specializing in cheese.
(b) cheese and Spain specializing in bread.
(c) both goods and Spain specializing in neither good.
(d) neither good and Spain specializing in both goods.
2.Mike has spent ＄500 purchasing and repairing an old fishing boat,which he
expects to sell for ＄800 once the repairs are complete.Mike discovers that,
in addition to the ＄500 he has already spent,he needs to make an additional
repair,which will cost another ＄400,in order to make the boat worth ＄800 to
potential buyers.He can sell the boat as it is now for＄300.What should he do
(a) He should sell the boat as it is now for ＄300
(b) He should keep the boat since it would not be rational to spend ＄900 on
repairs and then sell the boat for ＄800.
(c) He should complete the repairs and sell the boat for ＄800
(d) It does not matter which action he takes;the outcome is the same either way
3.The difference between production possibilities frontiers that are bowed out
and those that are straight lines is that
(a) bowed-out production possibilities frontiers apply to economies that face
tradeoffs,whereas straight-line production possibilities frontiers apply
to economies that do not face tradeoffs.
(b) bowed-out production possibilities frontiers apply to economies in which
resources are not specialized,whereas straight-line production possibilities
frontiers apply to economies in which resources are specialized.
(c) bowed-out production possibilities frontiers illustrate increasing
opportunity cost,whereas straight-line production possibilities frontiers
illustrate constant opportunity cost.
(d) straight-line production possibilities frontiers illustrate real-world
conditions,whereas bowed-out production possibilities frotiers illustrate
more simplistic assumptions.
4.Suppose scientists provide evidence to the effect that chocolate pudding
increases cholesterol .We would expect to see
(a) no change in the demand for chocolate pudding.
(b) a decrease in the demand for chocolate pudding.
(c) an increase in the demand for chocolate pudding.
(d) a decrease in the supply of chocolate pudding.
5. Figure 1
A B
price ----> <----
│ D D' S │ D' D S
Ｐo'│--＼--- ＼／ Ｐo │--＼--- ＼／
│ ＼ ／ ＼ │ ＼ ／ ＼
Ｐo│------＼ ︱ ＼ Ｐo'│------＼ ︱ ＼
│ ／ ︱ ＼ ＼ │ ／ ︱ ＼ ＼
│ ︱ ︱ │ ︱ ︱
└─────── quantity └─────── quantity
Ｑo Ｑo' Ｑo' Ｑo
C D
price -----> price <-----
│ D S S' │ D S' S
│ ＼ ╱ ╱ │ ＼ ╱ ╱
Ｐo│----- ╱ ╱ Ｐo'│----- ╱ ╱
│ ╱ ＼ ╱ │ ╱ ＼ ╱
Ｐo'│- ╱---- ╱ Ｐo │- ╱---- ╱
│╱ ︱ ╱ ︱＼ │╱ ︱ ╱ ︱＼
└─────── quantity └─────── quantity
Ｑo Ｑo' Ｑo' Ｑo
Which of the four graphs represents the market for peanut butter after a major
hurricane hits the peanut-growing place?
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
6.Refer to Figure 1. Suppose the events depicted in graphs A and C were
illustrated together on a single graph.A definitive result of the two events
would be
(a) an increase in the equilibrium quantity.
(b) an increase in the equilibrium price.
(c) an instance in which the law of demand fails to hold.
(d) All of the above are correct.
7.Suppose the point (Q=2000,P=＄60) is the midpoint on a certain downward-
sloping,linear demand curve.Then
(a) an increase in price from ＄40 to ＄42 will increase total revenue.
(b) a decrease in price from ＄61 to ＄59 will leave total revenue unchanged.
(c) the maximum value of total revenue is ＄120000.
(d) All of the above are correct.
8.假設政府規定某特定產品有一價格上限,則所產生的短缺在下列何種情況最大?
(a) 需求與供給都非常沒有彈性
(b) 需求與供給都非常有彈性
(c) 需求非常有彈性,但供給非常沒有彈性
(d) 供給非常有彈性,但需求非常沒有彈性
9.After a ＄2 per-unit tax on seeing movies is imposed in theaters,attendance
fall from 6000 a week to 5000 a week.The burden of the tax on theater owners
is ＄5000 a week .What's the tax burden on consumers?
(a) zero
(b) positive but less than ＄5000 per week
(c)＄5000 per week
(d) more than ＄5000 per week
10.Suppose a tax of ＄3 per unit is imposed on a good.The supply curve and the
demand curve are straight lines.The tax generates tax revenue of ＄6000.
From this imformation it follows that the tax decrease the equilibrium
quantity of the good
(a) from 2000 to 1500
(b) from 2400 to 2000
(c) from 2600 to 2000
(d) from 3000 to 2400
二.簡答題.請評論以下觀點(請言簡意賅,勿長篇大論)
1.台灣高鐵於11月1日實施雙色優惠,小離峰時段給與乘客85折,大離峰時段最低可打到65
折的優惠,北高最低票價可至965元,低於原價的1490元.假設原價代表滿座時平均每人的
營運成本,請用經濟學的觀點說明高鐵公司為何願意以低於成本的價格出售車票?
2.每次颱風過境台灣都會造成一些農產品的損失.一位記者報導內容如下:「颱風過後造成
許多菜價上漲,小白菜價格上漲三倍,豆芽菜價格也上漲,但豆芽菜種在房子內,根本不會
受到颱風的影響,政府應當調查豆芽菜農是否趁機哄抬物價」.請問你對這位記者的說法
有何看法?(請個別分析小白菜與豆芽菜市場的供需)
3.供給與需求彈性相對大小如何影響消費者與供給者負擔稅負的多寡?請畫出相應的供需
圖來支持你的說法.
三.計算題
1.Suppose that your demand schedule for T-shirts is as follows:
Price Quantity Demanded Quantity Demanded
(income=＄12000) (income=＄15000)
────────────────────────────────────
5 20 T-shirts 25 T-shirts
8 16 22
11 12 19
14 8 16
17 4 13
a. Use the midpoint method to calculate you price elasticityof demand as the
price of T-shirts increases from ＄5 to ＄8 if
(i) your income is ＄12000
(ii) your income is ＄15000
b. Calculate your income elaticity of demand as your income rises from ＄12000
to ＄15000 if
(i) the price is ＄14
(ii) the price is ＄17
2.Suppose in Mainland China,the demand function for bread is q=480-6p and the
supply function is q=120+3p where p is the price in RMBs and q is the loaves
of bread.The communist party made it illegal to sell bread for a price above
30 RMBs per loaves.To avoid shortages,the communist party agreed to pay
producers of bread enough of a subsidy for each loaf of bread so as to make
supply equal demand.How much would the subsidy per loaf have to be?
3.若市場上某項電腦用品之需求曲線與供給曲線分別如下:
需求:P = 300-Q
供給:P = 60+2Q
如果現在政府對該電腦用品每部課徵稅收15元,請回答下列問題:
a.稅前的市場均衡價格與數量各為多少?
b.稅後的市場均衡價格與數量各為多少?
c.政府稅收為多少?
4.國內的面板廠有新型顯示螢幕上市,市場供給曲線斜率為正、市場需求曲線斜率為負.
政府未補貼國內的面板廠,廠商每賣出一個螢幕,政府便給廠商100元獎勵金.
a.請問補貼政策會如何影響顯示螢幕的市場供給曲線與需求曲線?補貼對於均衡的交易量
有何影響?請繪圖說明.
b.請比較均衡價格的調整幅度與100元的大小.
c.請在圖中繪出消費者剩餘的變化.
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