課程名稱︰生物化學乙下
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰丁一倪
開課系所︰農化系
考試時間︰94,05,25
試題 :
一、配對題（答案請按照順序寫在答案卷上） （１０％）
Correlate the following names or terms in (A) with those in (B)
A. a.PLP (pyridoxal phosphate), b. aspirin, c.vitamin D3,
d.citrate, e.biotin, f.acetoacetate, g.HMG-CoA reductase,
h.phospholipase A2, i.isocitrate lyase, j.avidin,
B.
1.The key enzyme in the conversion of fatty acids to carbohydrates
in plant or microorganism via glyoxylate cycle, but absent in mam-
malian cells.
2.The key enzyme which is the primary control site for cholesterol
biosynthesis and can be inhibited by compactin and lovastatin.
3.An enzyme which is abundant in snake venoms.
4.Acetyl-CoA is the basic unit to synthesize fatty acid and mainly
produced in mitochondria.However,the site for fatty acid synthsis
is in cytosol.Which of the compounds in A is produced in mitochon-
dria and can cross mitochondria membranes then converted to actyl-
CoA to malonyl-CoA.
5.A coenzyme which is covalently linked to acetyl-CoA carboxylase
and involved in the synthesis of fatty acid by converting acetyl-
CoA to malonyl-CoA.
6.A compound which can be used as an analgesic,antipyretic and anti-
inflammatory drug due to its inhibition on the conversion of ara-
chidonic acid to prostaglandin H2.
7.A coenzyme is covalently linked to enzymes via a Schiff base
(imine) formed between its aldehyde group and the ε-amino group
of Lys in enzymes that are involved in amino acid metabolism.
8.A protein which is found in egg white and can strongly bind to
biotin.
9.A compound which is one of the components of ketone bodies that
are overproduced in diabetes and during starvation ?
10.A hormone or a compound that regulates calcium uptake in the
intestine and calcium levels in kidney and bone.
二、單選題 （答案請按照順序寫在答案卷上）
請選出單一最適合的答案，共有６０題，每題１分，共６０分。
【註】無合適答案者請寫０
1.Free fatty acids in the bloodstream are:
a.bound to hemoglobin.
b.present at levels that are independent of epinephrine.
c.freely soluble in the aqueous phase of the blood.
d.carried by the protein serum albumin.
e.nonexistent;the blood does not contain free fatty acids.
2.Transport of fatty acids from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial
matrix requires:
a.ATP,ceonzyme A, and hexokinase
b.ATP,carnitine, and coenzyme A
c.carnitine, coenzyme A, and hexokinase
d.ATP,carnitine,and pyruvate dehydrogenase
e.ATP,coenzyme A,and pyruvate dehydrogenase
3.關於脂肪酸β-oxidation, 請問下列敘述何者錯誤？
a.肝細胞的mitochondria及peroxisome進關脂肪酸β-oxidation
b.大量脂肪酸在肝臟中進行β-oxidation後會產生ketone bodies
c.Ketone bodies 指的是acetoacetate,3-hydroxybutyrate及acetone
d因為ketone bodies 無法為細胞所利用, 所以會引起ketoacidosis
4.How many trips through β-oxidation would a 18-carbon fatty acid
need to be completely metabolized ?
a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. 9
5.Which statement of oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA is correct?
a.involves 8 rounds of β-oxidation.
b.yields 8 ＦＡＤＨ2
c.YIELDS 7 NADH
d.yields 7 acetyl-CoA
6.The enzyme,ATP-citrate lyase, is important in the biosynthesis
of fatty acid.Where is it located ?
a.mitochondria c.lysosome
b.cytosol d.nucleus
7.Choose the INCORRECT statement describing fatty acid synthesis:
a.requires acetyl-CoA as precursor
b.requires NADPH and ATP
c.requires biotin
d.start at carboxyl end
e.β-hydroxylacyl intermediates have the D configuration
f.Acetyl-CoA carboxylase催化Acetyl-CoA → Malonyl-CoA
8.Which of the following statements is(are) true regarding the syn-
thesis of fatty acids in extracts of E.coli ?
a.ＣＯ2 OR ＨＣＯ3 is essential.
b.Acyl intermediates are thioesters of a low molecular weight
protein called acyl acrrier protein.
c.The ultimate source of all the carbon atoms in the fatty acid
product is acetyl-CoA
d.All of the above is true.
9.人體可由acetyl-CoA合成palmitic acid,請問在這過程中, 不需要下
列何種維生素參與 ?
a. folic acid
b. biotin
c. pantothenic acid
10.The most important source of reducing equivalents for fatty
acid synthesis in the liver is
a.glycolysis
b.the pentose phosphate pathway
c.Cori cycle
14
11.If malonyl-CoA is synthesized from radioactive ( Ｃ-labeled )
carbon dioxide and unlabeled acetyl-CoA,and the labeled malonate
is then used for fatty acid synthesis, the final product (fatty
acid) will have radioactive carbon in:
a.every C.
b.every odd-numbered C (carboxyl end is C-1).
c.every even-numbered C.
d.no part of the molecule.
e.only the farthest carbon from C-1
12.Stearic acid在人體內可轉變成下列何種脂肪酸 ?
a.oleic acid
b.linoleic acid
c.arachidonic acid
5,8,11,14
13.In animal,the Ｃ20:4,△ fatty acid can be synthesized from
9 9,12
a.Ｃ16:1.△ c.Ｃ18:2,△
9 9,12,15
b.Ｃ18:1,△ d.Ｃ18:3,△
14.The more active elonation of fatty acid chains occurs in
a.nucleus c.mitochondria
b.endoplasmic reticulum d.lysosome
15.The catalysed product by cyclooxygenase-2 is:
a.cyclic ATP
b.dihydrocorticosterone
c.prostaglandin
d.phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate
16.在脂肪細胞中將triacylglycerol 分解成free fatty acid及glycerol
的酵素是
a.Hepatic lipase c.Lipoprotein lipase
b.Hormone sensitive lipase d.Pancreatic lipase
17.下列何者是磷脂的組成分之一 ?
a.glucose c.lysine
b.choline d.folic acid
18.Phospholipase Ａ2 can hydrolyze
a.tripalmitin
b.lysolecithin
c.phosphatidylcholine
d.diacyl glycerol
e.arachidonate
19.Which of the following is not sterols ?
a.glucocorticoids c.vitamin D
b.androgens d.EPA
20.Which of the following is the precursor for biosynthesis of
cholesterol ?
a.acetic acid c.malic acid
b.oxaloacetic acid d.citric acid
21.Cholesterol is not made from
a.isopentenyl pyrophosphate
b.dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
c.farnesyl pyrophosphate
d.squalene
e.vitamin D
22.About cholesterol metabolism, which of the following is NOT
CORRECT ?
a.HMG-CoA reductase is the primary control site for chole-
sterol biosynthesis.
b.HDL receptor activity governs cholesterol removal from the
blood.
c.The rate of esterification of cholesterol is controlled by
ACAT.
d.ACAT stands for acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase.
23.Which is the most dangerous form of cholesterol to cause athero-
sclerosis ?
a.chylomicrons d.LDL
b.VLDL e.HDL
c.IDL
24.About cholesterol metabolism, which of the following is not
correct ?
a.HMG-CoA reductase is the primary control site for chole-
sterol biosynthesis.
b.HDL receptor activity governs cholesterol removal from the
blood.
c.The rate of esterification of cholesterol is controlled by
ACAT.
d.ACAT stands for acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase.
25.Choose the correct statement(s) about lipoproteins
a.LDL transport triacylglycerol from liver to tissues
b.in the absence of insulin, chylomicrons and VLDL will
accumulate in the plasma and will cause lipemia
c.the incidence of coronary heart disease is inversely
correlated with the level of plasma HDL
26.Which of the following is not classified as lipoproteins ?
a.LDL c.VLDL
b.cholesterol d.chylomicrons
27.在低密度脂蛋白(LDL) 上可以與LDL-receptor結合而使LDL 被帶入細
胞的原脂蛋白(apoprotein)是
a.Apo A-IV c.Apo C-II
b.Apo B-100 d.Apo D
28.下列那一個apolipoprotein因為mutation而失去功能時, 最可能造成
血液中triacylglycerol 升高
a.Apo A-II c.Apo CII
b.Apo B-48 d.Apo E
29.下列那個化合物可由膽固醇轉化而成?
a.epinephrine c.glucagons
b.retinoic acid d.estradiol
30.下面那個酵素是由cholesterol 合成bile acids過程中的關鍵酵素 (
key enzyme)
a.HMG-CoA synthase c.7α-hydroxylase
b.HMG-CoA reductase d.cholesterol oxidase
31.Which of the following is inhibitor of cholesterol 7α-hydroxyl-
ase ?
a.cholesterol c.bile acid
b.mevalonate d.vitamin C
32.Which of the following vitamins can modify prothrombin and other
proteins involved in the blood clotting process:
a.vitamin A d.vitamin K
b.vitamin D e.vitamin C
c.vitamin E
33.Which of the following compounds is not synthesized from iso-
prene precursors ?
a.cholesterol d.gibberellin
b.vitamin D e.ubiquinone
c.testosterone f.bilirubin
34.In amino acid catabolism,the first reaction for many aamino acids
is a(n):
a.decarboxylation requiring thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP_
b.reduction requiring pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
c.transamination requiring pyridoxal phosphate
d.hydroxylation requiring NADPH and Ｏ2
e.oxidative deamination requiring NAD+
35.Which of the following statements about the fixation of atmo-
spheric nitrogen (Ｎ2) into NH3 by living cells is false ?
a.It requires one ATP per mol of Ｎ2 fixed.
b.It requires two key protein components,both containing iron.
c.It requires a source of electrons, normally ferredoxin.
d.It occurs in certain microorganisms,but not in humans.
e.It involves the transfer of 8 electrons per mol of Ｎ2.
36.About amino acid deamination, which of the following is not
correct ?
a.Most amino acids are deaminated by transamination.
b.The predominant amino group acceptor is α-ketoaspartate,
producing aspartate and the new α-keto acid.
c.The enzyme that catalyze transamination are called trans-
aminases.
d.The enzyme that catalyze transamination are called amino-
transferases.
37.Which amino acid is not degraded to pyruvate ?
a.Ala d.Gly
b.Cys e.Ser
c.Lys
38.The major metabolic reactions of amino acids require the co-
enzyme
a.thiamine pyrophosphate d.pyridoxal phosphate
b.cyanocobalamin e.biotin
c.retinol phosphate
39.In human and other primates, the final product of pruine de-
gradation is
a.urea d.allantoic acid
b.uric acid e.allantoin
c.ammonia
40.Gout is caused by an excess of
a.creatine c.pyrimidine
b.purine d.uric acid
41.Folate含有那種胺基酸
a.glycine d.glutamate
b.tyrosine e.methionine
c.tryptophan f.threonine
42.Glutathione 含有那種胺基酸
a.alanine d.serine
b.tyrosine e.methionine
c.cysteine f.threonine
43.Iodinationi發生在那種胺基酸上
a.alanine d.serine
b.tyrosine e.methionine
c.cysteine f.threonine
44.Which amino acid is not degraded to pyruvate ?
a.Ala d.Gly
b.Cys e.Ser
c.Lys
45.Nitric oxide is synthesized from which amino acid ?
a.Arginine c.Histidine
b.Lysine d.Tryptophan
46.下列那一種胺基酸是人類細胞可以合成的?
a.Leu d.Glu
b.Lys e.Val
c.Met
47.Tetrahydrofolates,THF,are derived from the vitamin folic acid,
THF is a
a.five-carbon carries. d.one-carbon carries
b.four-carbon carries. e.six-carbon carries.
c.two-carbon carries.
48.Which is the precursor of proline, ornithine, and arginine ?
a.glutamate d.oxaloacetate
b.aspartate e.α-ketoglutarate
c.pyruvate
49.Deficiency in
a.serotonin
b.γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
c.dopamine
d.histamine
production in certain areas of the brain is associated with
Parkinson's disease,a degenerative condition causing "shaking
palsy".
50.CTP is formed by amination of
a.UTP c.ATP
b.TTP d.GTP
51.The first nucleotide product in the de novo biosynthetic path-
ways of purines is
a.AMP c.IMP
b.GMP d.XMP
52.The N1 of pruines arises from the amino group of
a.Asp d.urea
b.Gly e.Lys
c.Gln
53.Epinephrine is formed from norepinephrine by
a.acylation d.deamination
b.decarboxylation e.hydroxylation
c.methylation
54.下列有關尿酸(uric acid) 之敘述, 何者為正確 ?
a.尿酸是thymidine 之分解產物
b.尿酸缺乏是造成Gout之主要原因
c.Hypoxanthine經xanthine oxidase作用產生尿酸
d.尿酸可經由uricase 作用, 方能分泌至人類尿液得以排泄
55.Which of the following compounds not belong to catecholamines
a.epinephrine c.dopamin
b.norepinephrine d.serotonin
56.In biosynthetic pathway, which amino acids group has a common
precursor ?
a.Glu,Pro,Leu c.Val,His,Leu
b.Ser,Cys,Gly d.His,Tyr,Gly
57.Which of the following is the methyl group donor for various
methyltransferases ?
a.methionine c.S-adenosylmethionine
b.methyl-FH4 d.N-formalmethionine
58.Which is not used in post-translational modification for insulin
synthesis ?
a.disulfide linkage c.folding
b.protease cleavage d.nuclear localization
59.Ubiquitin is:
a.an analog of ubiquinone.
b.a component of the electron transport system.
c.a protein which tags another protein for degradation.
d.a vitamin.
e.a protein phosphorylase.
60.用原核生物表達真核生物的基因時, 何者是技術上尚待克服的問題?
a.細菌RNA 常常不能識別真核生物的啟動子。
b.真核生物基因的內含子 (intron) 與外顯子 (exon) 同時被轉錄, 但細菌由
於缺乏相關酵素, 不能切除原始轉錄物中相當於內含子的nucleotide序列,
因此不能生成成熟的mRNA。
c.真核生物基因翻譯出的蛋白質往往需經加工處理, 但細菌缺乏相關酵素, 又
真核生物的蛋白質往往被細菌視為異體, 而被細菌的蛋白質水解酵素水解掉。
d.以上都是
e.以上都不是
三、選擇題 (Multiple-Choice Questions, 每題 2分, 共10分)
A:(1)對, B:(2)對, C:(3)對, D:(1)(2)對, E:(1)(3)對, F:(2)(3)對,
G:(1)(2)(3)對, 0:全部不對
1.關於脂肪酸合成, 請問下列敘述何者錯誤 ?
(1) 由acetyl-CoA合成palmitate 過程中需要NADPH, ATP, Ｍｎ++, bio-
tin, pantothenic acid及ＨＣＯ3-
(2) 胰島素會促進脂肪酸合成
(3) Fatty acid synthase 是由七個酵素所組成的enzyme complex
2.Arachidonic acid經由cyclooxgenase 催化, 可轉變為下列何者?
(1) ＴＸＡ
(2) Leukotriene Ｂ4
(3) ＨＰＥＴＥ
3.Ketone bodies are formed when
(1) there is not enough oxaloacetate to react with available
acetyl-CoA
(2) an organism consumes excessive amounts of carbohydrate
compared to its lipid intake
(3) an organism consumes excessive amounts of fat compared
to its carbohydrate
4.下列敘述何者正確 ?
(1) Glutamate is an important carrier of ammonia-derived
nitrogen.
(2) A glucogenic amino acids is one that yieled acetyl-
CoA on degradation.
(3) The synthesis of fumarate is a link between the urea
cycle and the citric acid cycle.
5.下列敘述何者正確 ?
(1) Birds convert waste nitrogen to the less toxic product
urea.
(2) In birds, waste N from purine nucleotide is eventually
excreted as uric acid.
(3) The de novo biosynthetic pathway for pyrimidine nucleo-
tide biosynthesis requires less consumption of ATP than
that for pruine nucleotide pathway.
四、簡答題 (答案請按照順序寫在答案卷上, 共20分)
1.Cysteine與Methionine都是含硫胺基酸, 在飼養動物時, 若只能給一
種, 您要給那一種? 為什麼? (4%)
2.在饑餓狀態下, 血液中的游離脂肪酸濃度會升高, 請問為什麼? 這樣
的變化有何生理意義? (5%)
3.Explain metabolites citrate and fatty acyl-CoA in the regu-
lation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. (5%)
4.Name the monosaccaride which is the outermost residue (or
non-reducing end) of complex carbohydrates, which are attached
to ceramides to form gangliosides. (2%)
5.遺傳性疾病phenylketonuria 引起嚴重智力遲鈍, 請說明此病發生的原因(4%)
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